Australia

Контрольная работа № 1

Для правильного выполнения контрольной работы № 1 необходимо изучить следующие разделы курса английского языка (грамматический комментарий, часть 1):

1. Имя существительное. Единственное и множественное число. Существительные в функции определения.

2. Артикль как показатель имени существительного. Особенности употребление определённого и неопределённого артикля.

3. Притяжательный падеж существительных, образование, употребление.

4. Имя прилагательное. Общая характеристика, употребление, перевод на русский язык.

5. Степени сравнения имён прилагательных и наречий Общие правила образования, исключения, перевод на русский язык.

6. Числительные. Общая характеристика, виды, употребление.

7. Местоимения, их виды, особенности, перевод на русский язык.

8. Словообразование, его типы, правила.

9. Грамматическая конструкция (оборот) “there is (are)”, значение, употребление, перевод на русский язык.

10. Типы вопросов, правила образования.

11. Система времён действительного залога. Общая характеристика, значение, образование, употребление.

Вариант № 4

Задание № 1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

Australia

Australia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. The country is a constitutional monarchy with a federal division of powers. It uses a parliamentary system of government by the Constitution. The executive powers are normally exercised by the Governor-General at the federal level and by the Governors at the state level.

The federal government is separated into three branches. The legislative branch comprises the British monarch (represented by the Governor-General), the Senate, and the House of Representatives.

The executive branch is represented by the Federal Executive Council. In practice the Governor-General as advised by the Prime Minister and Ministers of State.

The judicial branch comprises the High Court of Australia and other federal courts, whose judges are appointed by the Governor-General on advice of the Council.

The country consists of six states and 2 two territories. The population of Australia is over 16 million people. The population density, 2.8 inhabitants per square kilometre, is among the lowest in the world. The official language of the country is English.

Australia is the flattest continent, with the oldest and least fertile soils. It is the driest inhabited continent, only its south-east and south-west corners have a temperate climate.

The climate of Australia is significantly influenced by ocean currents, which are rather changeable. Climate change has become an increasing concern in Australia in recent years. The climate is better in the east and south-east, where most big cities have grown-up. But the northern coast has too much rain, and the western coast is too dry.

Australia has a free-market economy with high GDP per capita and low rate of poverty. It is a highly developed country in the Southern Hemisphere; it is an important producer and exporter of primary products: wool, meat, sugar, fruit, coal, iron, copper, lead, gold, etc. There are five big cities in Australia: Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth and Brisbane. These cities are also the country’s main industrial centres and ports.

Canberra is the capital of Australia. Its territory is over 345,000 square kilometres. Canberra became the capital in 1908.

Canberra was specially planned as a capital. It is a quiet city. Canberra is the site of Parliament House, the High Court and numerous government departments and agencies. It is also the location of many social and cultural institutions of national significance, such as the Australian War Memorial, the Australian National University, the Australian Institute of Sport, the National Gallery, the National Museum and the National Library.

Дата добавления: 2015-07-20