Has _ beenVing?

He

She + V s usually plays

It

basketball. (doesn’t +V)

Маркеры:

always (всегда),

usually (обычно), sometimes (иногда),

often (часто),

everyday/week/month/year (каждый день/неделю/месяц/год)

Вопрос: Do/Does _ V?

Действие происходит в данный момент, в момент речи  

I +am He, She, It +is + V-ing We, You, They +are

I am (not) playing basketball now.

You

We are playing basketball now.

They (not)

He

She is (not)playing basketball now.

It

Маркеры:

now (сейчас),

at this moment (в данный момент)

Вопрос:

Am _ V ing?

Is _ V ing?

Are _ V ing?

Действие только что завершилось, и мы видим результат этого действия (нам важен результат)

I We You They have+ V 3 (ed) He, She, It + has

I have (not) already played basketball.

You

We have already played basketball.

They

He

She has (not) already played basketball.

It

Маркеры:

already (уже),

yet (еще) - только в отрицательных и вопросительных предложениях

Since

Вопрос:

Have _ V3?

Has _ V3?

Действие длилось с определенного момента и завершилось только что (нам важно само действие)  

have + been + V-ing has

I have (not)been playing basketball since 8 o’clock.

You

We have been playing basketball for

They 2 hours.

He

She has (not)been playing basketball for

It 2 hours.

since (с какого-то определенного момента)

for (уже какое-то время)

Have _ been Ving?

Has _ beenVing?

	Simple Tense (Простое Время)	Continuous Tense (Длительное Время)	Perfect Tense (Завершенное Время)	Perfect Continuous Tense (Завершено-Длительное Время)
Past (Прошедшее)	Действие происходило регулярно, обычно в прошлом     V (-ed)   I played basketball yesterday. You We played basketball They last month. He She played basketball last It year. yesterday (вчера), in the past (в прошлом), the day before yesterday (позавчера), last week/month/year (на прошлой неделе/месяце/году)	Действие происходило в определенный момент в прошлом   was + V-ing were I was playing basketball at that moment. You We were playing basketball They while I was at school. He She was playing basketball It during their weekend. At that moment (в тот момент) Смысловое значение	Действие завершилось к определенному моменту в прошлом, и мы видели результат (тоже в прошлом) had + V (-ed) I had already played basketball by the time you came. You We They had already played He basketball when she came. She It already (уже), смысловое значение	Действие длилось с определенного момента в прошлом и завершилось в определенный момент в прошлом (нам важно само действие)   had + been + V-ing I had been playing basketball since 8 o’clock yesterday. You We They had been playing basketball for 2 He hours when she came. She It since (с какого-то определенного момента) for (уже какое-то время) смысловое значение

	Simple Tense (Простое Время)	Continuous Tense (Длительное Время)	Perfect Tense (Завершенное Время)	Perfect Continuous Tense (Завершено-Длительное Время)
Future (Будущее)	Действие будет происходить в будущем, констатация факта   shall + V will I shall play basketball We tomorrow. You They will play basketball He next week. She. It Tomorrow (завтра) The day after tomorrow (послезавтра) Next week/month/year (на следующей неделе/месяце/году)	Действие будет происходить в будущем в определённый момент   shall + be + V-ing will I shall be playing basketball We tomorrow from 10 a.m. till 11 a.m. You They will be playing basketball He next year. She It Смысловое значение	Действие завершится к определенному моменту в будущем, и мы будем видеть результат этого действия (нам важен результат) shall + have + V (-ed) will I shall have played basketball by We 2 p.m. tomorrow*. You They will have played basketball He by 2 p.m. tomorrow*. She It Смысловое значение	Действие будет длится с определенного момента и завершится к определенному моменту в будущем (нам важно само действие)   shall + have + been + V-ing will I shall have been playing basketball We for a year by next summer*. You They will have been playing basketball He for a year by next summer*. She It Смысловое значение

* Данные формы малоупотребительны, встречаются редко.

Дата добавления: 2015-07-21