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Choose the correct answer:
1. News began travelling about the world before means of transport were invented;
2. In medieval England the latest news was collected and put to paper by the order of powerful noblemen and rich merchants to whom political and economic events were matters of urgent importance.
3. The first regular newspaper in England was started in 1622 eighteen years before the Bourgeois Revolution.
4. The first regular newspaper was a weekly news book averaging twenty-two pages to the issue.
5. The newspaper contained foreign news which was copied from French and Dutch publications.
6. Press censorship was introduced in England early in the 16th century in order to use political news as power that could agitate or pacify the people.
7. The London Gazette was started as the Oxford Gazette.
8. When the Oxford Gazette was founded the court was at oxford on account of plague in London.
9. The Daily Courant, the first English daily, appeared after the so-called Glorious Revolution.
10.
I. Find in the text a verb, which denotes the following action:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
II. Choose in the right hand column the right – hand column the correct definition for each term in the left – hand column:
a title the name of a book, magazine, newspaper, etc.
a periodical a newspaper, magazine, etc. published at regular intervals.
a copy one of a number of newspapers, magazines, books, etc.
a column a division of a page in a newspaper.
an issue putting forth or sending out publication.
a daily a newspaper published every day.
a bi-weekly a newspaper published twice a week or every two weeks.
an advertisement a printed notice about things to be sold.
an editorial an article in a newspaper that gives the opinion of the editor on some important subject.
a circulation the number of copies of a newspaper, magazine, etc. sold.
III. Give the English equivalents of:
Последние известия(новости) – the latest news;
Текущие события – current events;
Срочное и важное дело – an urgent and important matter;
Удовлетворять спрос на – meet the demand for…;
Явиться(прибыть) с запозданием (нескоро) – to come late;
Под одним (единым) заглавием (названием) – under the same title;
По десять страниц в номере (выпуске) – ten pages per issue;
В самом начале (у источника) – in the beginning (from the source);
Так называемый – so called;
Возникать (появляться) – appear;
Приобретать популярность – gain popularity;
Наряду с – together with…;
Число выпускаемых (находящихся в обращении) газет – the number of papers issued;
Доходить до (достигать) определенного числа (восьми, девяти ит.д.) – run info (eight, nine, etc).
Общий тираж – total circulation;
По подсчетам – according to estimates.
V. Express your views on the following statements:
1. More people started reading the newspapers. Different editions give the information in different way, so the range of editions increased.
2. I disagree. The article in newspaper is edited, but TV and radio give the true information.
3.
4. Earlier they had benefit, as they can inform people in any places.
5. The rural area is not isolated. People there can get the information from radio, internet, TV, etc.
6. I think so, because you can see and watch the information on TV, but you can only listen to the radio.
7. Yes, it’s more available than coming outside to the film in the cinema.
8. Press is still popular because it gives the information without any difficulties.
VI. Ask questions in English to the fallowing Russian sentences and supply the answers:
1. When did the first Russian newspaper «Vedomosti» begin to appear?
The first Russian newspapers «Vedomosti» began to appear under Peter I.
2. Were there any newspapers in the Moskow state until «Vedomosti» appeared?
There were no newspapers in the Moskow state until «Vedomosti» appeared.
3. What was the custom in the Tcar courtyard from the beginning of the XVIII century?
From the beginning of XVIII century there was a custom in the Tcar courtyard to translate and rewrite different news published in the foreign newspapers.
4. What was kept since 1621?
Such script papers called «Vestovye letters» or «Kuranty» were kept since 1621 but probably they had been known earlier.
5. How often were «Kuranty» written?
After the regular mail had been started «Kuranty» were written 2,3 or 4 times a month.
6. Whom were «Kuranty» read?
«Kuranty» were read to Tcar or the most important boyars.
7. What was kept in a secret?
The content of the letters were not fold everybody.
8. Who edited the low about «Vedomosti»?
On the 15th of December 1702 Peter I edited the low about «Vedomosti» which were sold everywhere.
9. What appeared in Moscow in 1702?
The first issue appeared on the 17th of December in Moscow in 1702.
10. What was moved to Peterburgh?
Since 1719 the edition was mowed to Peterburgh.
11. How long did it take the constant edition?
It took the first Russian newspaper more then 25 years to take the constant edition.
12. What started to edit this newspaper?
Since 1728 the Science Academy started to edit this newspaper.
13. What was called St.-Petersburg news?
The newspaper was called St.-Petersburg news and was issued twice a week on Tuesdays and Fridays.
14. What was organized in 1748?
In 1748 the Science Academy organized the group of translaters who had to choose and translate the reports on the foreign newspapers.
15. Who was asked to choose and edit the material for the edition?
Lomonosov was asked to choose and edit the material for the edition.
16. How long did he do the duties?
He did these duties till 1851.
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| Text for studying | | | Read the stories and answer the questions. |