Читайте также:
|
|
ВВЕДЕНИЕ
Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов строительных специальностей.
Цель данного учебного пособия – подготовить будущих специалистов в сфере строительства к использованию иностранного языка в их будущей профессиональной деятельности, чтению и переводу специальной литературы и обсуждению профессиональных тем на английском языке. В пособии содержатся тексты, способствующие усвоению тематического словарного минимума и формирующие умение пользоваться им в процессе общения по данной теме. При отборе текстового материала в качестве основного критерия служила информативная ценность текстов и их соответствие профессиональным требованиям подготовки будущих специалистов в области строительства.
В пособии представлены упражнения для развития умений в чтении, касающихся сферы строительства, стимулирующие интерес студентов и их творческую активность. Упражнения к текстам носят продуктивный и репродуктивный характер, служат для снятия лексических и грамматических трудностей, основаны на учебном материале, используемом в рамках данной специальности.
VOCABULARY
Study the words and translate the sentences. Learn the words.
1. to depend on (upon) – зависеть от
After school the she started working as she didn’t want to depend on her parents.
2. wood – 1) лес, роща; 2) дерево (материал), древесина
Though it was dark they had to go through the wood.
The houses in the country are made of wood.
3. earth – земля, земной шар
The moon goes around the earth and the earth goes around the sun.
4. top – верхушка, вершина.
The top of the mountain was covered with snow.
5. region – область
There are many woods in our region.
6. stone –камень
A path paved with stone went to the garden.
7. without – без
He left without saying good-bye.
8. still – eще
They were still working when we left.
9. to appear – 1) появляться; 2) казаться
The ship appeared on the horizon.
It appears to me that you are right.
10. shallow – мелкий
In summer some rivers become very shallow.
11. hole – дыра, отверстие
There was a big hole in the roof of the old house.
12. roof – крыша
The roof of the house was painted green.
13. brick – кирпич
The art of brickmaking dates back to very early times.
14. to put up – 1)поднимать; 2) возводить
The sportsmen put up the flag at the top of the mountain.
A new bridge was put up across the river.
15. above – над, выше
Our parents live in the flat above.
16. to borrow – 1) брать взаймы; 2) заимствовать
He often borrows money from his friends.
The Romans borrowed much from the Greeks.
17. flat – 1) плоский; 2) квартира
In Asia one can see many houses with flat roofs.
They have just move into a new comfortable flat.
18. to arouse – пробуждать, вызывать
The exhibition of old cars aroused great interest.
19. direction – направление
They were driving in the direction of the forest.
20. middle – середина
There was a table right in the middle of the room.
21. in turn – по очереди; в свою очередь
The teacher called out the students in turn.
22. thus – таким образом
The information thus collected helped to solve the mystery of this crime.
23. strength – 1) сила; 2) прoчность
He is a man of great strength.
They devoted a new synthetic material of great strength.
24. unfortunately – к сожалению
Unfortunately they were out when we called.
25. thick – 1) толстый; 2) густой
The people were safe behind the thick walls of the house.
They were going through a thick forest.
26. to serve – служить
Young men have to serve in the army.
27. to destroy – разрушать
Minsk was almost completely destroyed during the war.
28. effort – усилие
Please make an effort to arrive on time.
29. to restore – реставрировать
Many fine old buildings were restored.
30. shortage – нехватка, недостаток
Among other difficulties the expedition had food shortage.
31. unit – 1) единица; 2) агрегат, узел
The metre is a unite of length and the gramme is a unite of weight.
32. advanced – передовой
Advanced technologies must be used to increase the scale of production.
33. to assemble – собирать(ся)
He is a good engineer. He has assembled a motor-car of his own.
34. advantage – преимущество
Living in a big town has many advantages.
35. to cut – 1) резать; 2) сокращать
Glass is usually cut with a diamond.
The company has cut the workforce by half.
36. to extend – удлинять
According to the new plan the railway will be extended as far as the seaport.
37. to heat – отапливать
In England plenty of houses are heated with coal.
38. furthermore – кроме того, к тому же
They knew the painting was a forgery (подделка). Furthermore, they knew who had painted it.
39. duration – продолжительность
He will be in hospital for the duration of the school year.
40. expensive – дорогой
This car is very expensive.
41. huge – огромный
He is a man of huge strength.
42. limestone slab – известняковая плита
The floor was covered with limestone slabs.
43. site – строительная площадка
Building parts are assembled at a site.
44. hut – хижина
Hut was the first house of people who lived where there was much wood.
45. slant – наклонный
The Greeks made the roof slant in two directions from the middle.
46. durable - прочный
The walls of the castle were very durable.
47. tie – связывать
Men tied together the tops of several trees.
48. shape – 1) форма; 2) придавать вид
Window usually has rectangular (прямоугольный) shape.
49. iron – железо
50. reinforced concrete - железобетон
TEXT 1
Architecture is both science and art. Our life, our mood sometimes depend on the buildings around us. Read the text about the history of architecture.
Дата добавления: 2015-07-20; просмотров: 85 | Нарушение авторских прав
<== предыдущая страница | | | следующая страница ==> |
Слова извинения | | | THE HOUSE |