What is personality?

PERSONALITY

Talking about yourself (Collocations unit 13)

1. Generous - giving people more of your time or money than is usual or expected
2. Opportunistic – using situation for own benefit
3. Methodical – systematic, careful
4. Conscientious - working hard and careful to do things well (добросовестный)
5. Chauvinistic – too patriotic
6. Tend to get carried away – become too excited and lose control
7. Stubborn - not willing to change their ideas or to consider anyone else's reasons or arguments
8. Affectionate - showing love or care about someone or something (нежный)
9. Obliging - ready to help
10. Superficial – not caring about serious things
11. Gifted – одаренный
12. May sometimes be tactless – inclined to say things that upset or offend people
13. Sagacious – wise
14. Stingy - unwilling to spend, give, or use a lot of money
15. Diligent – hard-working
16. Placid – calm, does not easily become excited or angry
17. Cunning - uses their intelligence to get what they want, especially by tricking or cheating people
18. To complain - to say that you are not satisfied with something
19. plagued by – troubled or distressed by
20. witty - clever and funny
21. magnetic personality – that attracts people to you
22. self-seeking – wanting to gain advantage for oneself
23. industrious – hard-working
24. shrewd – having good judgment
25. decisive – able to make choices or decide what to do quickly and confidently
26. flashy-dresser – expensive or impressive
27. down-to-earth - practical and sensible
28. altruistic – thinking of others rather than oneself
29. morose – gloomy
30. sharp-tongued – inclined to speak in a severe and critical way
31. fault-finder – critical person
32. naïve – without enough experience of life, trusting too easily
33. downfall – cause of destruction
34. unstinting - used for emphasizing how strong someone's feelings are
35. resolute - extremely determined (решительный)
36. dogged - determined to achieve something and continuing to try despite difficulties
37. frugal - spending very little money and only on things that are really necessary
38. immoderate - spending very little money and only on things that are really necessary
39. parsimonious - not willing to give or spend money
40. shrewd - able to judge people and situations very well and to make good decisions
41. astute - good at judging situations and people quickly and able to use this knowledge for personal benefit
42. Sober – 1) not drunk 2) with a serious attitude
43. Pithy - a pithy statement or piece of writing is short and very effective
44. Broad-minded - willing to accept many different types of behavior and not easily shocked
45. Sly - a sly smile, look, or remark shows that the person doing it knows something that other people do not know
46. Terse - a terse statement or remark is very short and often shows that the person making it is annoyed
47. Unscrupulous - willing to do things that are unfair, dishonest, or illegal
48. Sullen - showing that you are in an unhappy mood, and do not want to talk

Optimism and Pessimism

1. Personality TERM= the part of a person that makes them behave in a particular way in social situation = the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character
2. to look on the bright side (of life) IDIOM = to think about the good parts of a situation that is mostly bad Ex: Look on the bright side – you'll save money by not going.
3. (to turn out) for the worse IDIOM = in a way that makes a situation worse Ex: Things have definitely taken a turn for the worse.
4. to blame oneself
5. to learn habits as a child COL/PREP
6. stem from PHR (=to be the result of, to be due to)
7. to be in deep trouble COL / PREP
8. permanent condition COL
9. to attrubute smth to PREP
10. to ruin smbs life COL
11. instead of PREP
12. ​ Go for it! = just do it PHR
13. Setback TERM =
14. disappointment WF
15. to be laid off from work PHR, PREP
16. to take action COL
17. temporary (=existing only for a short time) causes COL

What is personality?

1. A degree of sth [=a level] PREP
2. A link between sth and sth PREP
3. A harmful effect COL
4. To categorise personality features COL
5. To measure personalityCOL
6. To reinforce a personality [=to make stronger] COL
7. To behave/respond in different ways PREP, COL
8. ​ To be in similar situations PREP, COL
9. ​ To find oneself IN circumstances PREP
10. To follow from sth PREP (cause-effect)
11. ​ To be faced with / to face doing something ex:The country is now faced with the prospect of war. Many of the workers face losing their jobs.
12. Remarkably different COL
13. Roughly the same [=almost the same] COL
14. A vivacious person [=active] COL
15. To produce differences IN behavior PREP
16. ​ To be at work IDIOM = having a particular effect or influence Ex: You don't know what forces are at work behind the scenes
17. ​ To react TO sth PREP
18. ​ To get oneself into the situation PREP
19. ​ In the first place PREP
20. ​ Strong personality COL
21. ​ External / internal factors ex: Various external factors can impact the ability of a business or investment to achieve its strategic goals. COL
22. ​ To be born INTO family PREP
23. ​ Family environment = the conditions and influences in family COL, TERM
24. ​ To be drawn to [=to like] ex: I don’t want to leave my job because I am drawn to it. PHR
25. ​ To seek out [=to seek] ex: Corbett resolved to seek out the truth PHR
26. ​ Slight / dramatic differences COL
27. ​ IN childhood / adulthood BUT AT birth PREP
28. The nervous system =the system of nerves that sends and receives the signals that control your body and mind TERM
29. ​ Enduring/stable dispositions Ex: Mowbrayhasshowna stable dispositiontotakeunnecessaryrisks. COL
30. ​ Inherent=inborn=innate features/characteristics COL
31. ​ To characterize a person COL
32. ​ To come from = produced by PHR (cause-effect)
33. ​ An expression of features COL
34. ​ To distinguish between A and B PREP
35. ​ temperament = someone's temperament is their basic character, for example their tendency to be happy, angry etc temperamental (ly) WF, TERM
36. ​ To be directly caused COL
37. Biological factor = relating to living thingsTERM
38. An aspect of personality COL
39. Religious piety = strong religious belief and behaviour TERM
40. Social / cultural learning COL
41. Learning history COL
42. Temperamental differences COL
43. Intrinsic difference [=relating to the essential qualities or features of something or someone] COL
44. ​ Psychology = the study of the mind and how it affects behaviour TERM
45. ​ (in a; face) A dilemma = a situation in which you have to make a difficult decision TERM
46. This is not the case IDIOM
47. to turn out PHR
48. ​ to predict smth-to be a predictor of smth WF
49. ​ to be the origin of COL
50. ​ social class = one of the groups into which people in a society are divided accordingto their family background, education, job, or incomeTERM
51. ​ in part = partly PREP
52. ​ to be adopted/adopted child BUT adoptive parents COL
53. ​ to be similar to smth PREP
54. ​ to bring up ex: She brought up three sons on her own. PHR
55. ​ blood relative = someone that you are related to by birth, rather than by marriageTERM
56. ​ to grow up ex: She's really starting to grow up now. PHR
57. ​ to manifest through smth PREP
58. ​ gut-feeling/intuitive/emotional system COL
59. ​ human mind COL
60. ​ to show variation in smth COL, PREP
61. ​ from A to B = from one place to another from door to door, from person to person PREP
62. ​ deliberate strategy – to do smthdeliberately COL
63. ​ to override patterns (change, bec more imp) COL
64. ​ intuitive patterns COL
65. ​ patterns of response COL
66. ​ to go about smth = to deal with a problem, situation, or job in a particular way
67. I think I'd go about it quite differently.
68. look in at smth PHR / PREP
69. ​ from the outside PREP
70. ​ dominant approach COL
71. ​ to be defined by PREP
72. ​ dimensions = aspects
73. ​ to agree on smth PREP
74. ​ to differ on smth PREP = disagree about sth
75. ​ neuroticism = when sb isextremely worried about something unimportant in a way that does not seemreasonable to other peopleTERM
76. ​ extraversion = being very confident, lively, and likes social situations
77. ​ influential proposal COL
78. openness
79. conscientiousness
80. ​ agreeableness

Youth and Age

148. To run errands (a small job that involves going to collect or deliver something) COL

149. Adoring parents (showing great love and admiration) COL

150. Child prodigy (a child who is extremely skilful at something that usually only adults can do) COL

151. Pander to someone (to do or say what someone wants in order to please them, even though you know it is not right) PREP

152. Whim (a sudden feeling that you must have or must do something) TERM

153. Spoilt brat (an annoying child who behaves badly) COL

154. Disaffected youth (a disaffected member of a group or organization no longer feels any loyalty towards it) COL

155. Juvenile delinquent (a young person who has committed a crime or who behaves like a criminal) COL SP

156. To see the error of smb’s ways IDIOM

157. popular youth culture COL

158. To fall into the pattern (a set of movements that are repeated regularly) COL, PHR

159. Stable environment COL

160. To take sb/smth for granted (to expect someone to always be there and do things for you even when you do not show that you are grateful) IDIOM

161. To go through a midlife crisis (strong feelings of worry and doubt that some people have about their lives when they reach middle age) COL

162. To be bored with (to make someone feel impatient or dissatisfied) PREP

163. To feel your age (to realize that you are becoming older and less able or willing to do things that younger people do) COL

164. Occasional twinge COL

165. Senior moment (an occasion when someone forgets something) COL

166. Grumpy old man (unhappy and dissatisfied, often for no obvious reason) COL

167. To support the family COL

168. Hazy memory (a hazy memory is one that you cannot remember well) COL

169. Sentimental value COL

170. To become a habit COL

171. Smth rekindles memories (makes you start feeling or thinking about something that you have not felt or thought about for a long time) COL

172. Undivided attention COL

173. Come to any harm IDIOM

174. Don’t let smb out of their sight IDIOM

175. Forgetfulness (often unable to remember things) WF

Life stages

176. Gender (the fact of being either male or female) TERM / gender group

177. Enculturation TERM

178. Siblings TERM = brothers or sisters

179. Maturity TERM =

180. Puberty TERM =

181. Inheritance TERM =

182. Anthropology TERM =

183. to vary from smth to smth PREP

184. to care for someone PREP

185. to take steps towards smth COL PREP

186. to learn (attendant) rules of behaviour COL

187. to expect smth from sb PREP

188. Economic security COL

189. To achieve economic security COL

190. (to form) Distinctive personality (easy to recognize because of being different from other people or things of the same type) COL

191. To be relieved of / assign responsibilities (to take a responsibility or obligation from someone so that they do not have to do it/ To take responsibilities) COL, PREP

192. Life stage COL

193. Play out PHR = to develop or end in a particular way Ex: They disagreed violently, and no one knew how the situation would play out.

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