Perspectives of energy cooperation US with Central Asia

MukhashbayevAzamat ID:20101963

CA US Relations

Instructor: Gulnara Dadabayeva

July 2013

Outline

— Abstract

— Introduction

◦ US – Kazakhstan

◦ US – Uzbekistan

◦ US – Turkmenistan

— Main Body

◦ Energy cooperation of CA countries with other countries

◦ Was this energy cooperation between US and CA successful? Why?

— Conclusion

— Source

Abstract

After the collapse of USSR US started to make a good and profitable cooperation with Central Asian countries in different spheres. Energy policy, implemented by Kazakhstan, has always focused on several areas and several potential partners. And although today the development of energy cooperation with China in Astana is given a certain preference of the leading Western states ally in the field of energy for the country still remains the United States. Although the U.S. does not buy into Kazakhstan, no oil or gas and are geographically located far away from the Kazakh border than China and Russia, it is with the United States, Astana has over the years developed the most reliable and stable relations in the energy sphere. This was facilitated by several important factors, but are defining a pragmatic approach to such cooperation plus support for this approach in the two countries at the highest political level. Close partnership relationship between Uzbekistan and the United States could lead to conflict in Central Asia - this opinion with a reporter Tengrinews.kz shared political scientists Marat Shibutov and Rasul Zhumaly. Not so long ago, the media reported that the army needs to Uzbekistan to NATO standards and is becoming a major partner of the U.S. in Central Asia. Thus, despite the fact that the Uzbek authorities have stated previously that they would not place at U.S. military facilities, and information about the negotiations with the Americans - just rumors, the 2013 Washington prepares to put Uzbekistan "non-lethal" weapons, including unmanned aerial vehicles. In the article "Rosbalt" it said head of the Association of cross-border cooperation, Alexander Sobyanin. According to him, Uzbekistan will rapidly turn into an economic and military giant in the region, which means that for Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan - the "quiet life is over." In the United States appreciates Turkmenistan's energy strategy and put forward their positive initiatives relating to global energy security, said a spokesman for the U.S. Department of State for Eurasian Energy Daniel Stein. So in my research paper I will try to answer to following question: Was this energy cooperation between US and CA successful? Why?

Main body

From the first days of its existence, the independent Kazakhstan has consistently pursued a policy of upholding its national interests, implying that, first of all, the territorial integrity and sovereignty, well-being of citizens and the protection of their constitutional rights. Among the main vectors of the foreign policy of the republic were designated post-Soviet countries, China, the state of the western hemisphere, the Muslim world, the republics of Central Asia and international organizations. The most important partner of Kazakhstan in the West has been declared the United States, which is associated with the following objective reasons. First, the U.S. is the world's sole superpower, has a significant influence on the development of global political and economic processes. Second, the U.S. economy is one of the most competitive in the world. The experience of economic development of the USA is valuable to us, given the objectives set for entering the Republic of Kazakhstan in the 50 most developed countries of the world. Thirdly, the experience of the democratic development of the United States, as well as constitutional development is no less valuable for Kazakhstan. The second phase of the Kazakhstan-American relations was marked by Nursultan Nazarbayev visited the fall of 1997 in the United States. The visit had a pronounced economic. The core of his program was the signing of the Agreement on the exploitation of Caspian oil and gas fields, including offshore. The new millennium was marked by the arrival of a new U.S. president - George W. Bush. By this time the fundamental interests of the United States in Kazakhstan remained energetic, this line continued and a new American president.

U.S. relations with Uzbekistan - more than cooperation on Afghanistan, said on Friday Uzbek journalists, U.S. Assistant Secretary for South and Central Asia Robert Blake. Blake noted that these relations include the expansion of cooperation in the fields of economy, energy and climate change. Uzbekistan and the Russian Federation have traditionally been the major players in the Eurasian energy field. A number of features of their energy strategies have in common. In particular, the two countries have the largest reserves of natural gas are at the leading position in the CIS and the world's top producer and exporter. Uzbekistan and Russia play the role of transit countries. Also, the energy sector accounts for a significant portion of their GDP and foreign exchange earnings. All these factors create the conditions for long-term energy and coincidence geo-economic interests of Russia and Uzbekistan on a number of fronts. First of all, both countries are interested in the formation of stable market for natural gas, which was built on the grounds of the market, which implies a real, rather than underestimate, the delivered price of raw materials and a favorable and predictable conditions of transit.

In the United States appreciates Turkmenistan's energy strategy and put forward their positive initiatives relating to global energy security, said a spokesman for the U.S. Department of State for Eurasian Energy Daniel Stein. ”During the negotiations, a State Department spokesman said a friendly country, the U.S. interest in further intensification of political, economic and cultural dialogue with dynamically developing Turkmenistan". Barack Obama has taken a policy of rapprochement with Caspian Turkmenistan in recent years. In Ashgabat, were held exhibitions of American companies, followed by a business forum of high-level and business negotiations. Regular basis have acquired political consultations. The cooperation in areas such as the supply of agricultural equipment, upgrading of technical civil aviation fleet of Turkmenistan, import of power equipment. Turkmenistan has opened representative offices of large U.S. companies such as Chevron, ExxonMobil, General Electric, Case, a number of which in earlier years worked through intermediaries. The White House has been actively supporting and regional gas pipeline projects from Turkmenistan, such as TAPI (Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India) and the Trans-Caspian and Azerbaijan to Europe. Negotiations are under way for the development of hydrocarbon fields in Turkmenistan, holding the largest natural gas reserves - the fourth largest in the world. Ashgabat invites to the development of the Turkmen shelf of the Caspian Sea, the interested companies are often referred to as Chevron, ExxonMobil, Conoco Phillips, Honeywell and others.

So, American energy business is more than serious about staying in Kazakhstan and in every way to strengthen its positions. Meanwhile, should bear in mind that our country ever since independence never focused in the development of its economy solely on one, albeit the most reliable-looking partner. And it's always the Americans did not like, and they regularly tried to dissuade the Kazakh side of the expansion of ties, for example, with Russia and China.

Capital of Uzbek-Chinese joint venture Elektr quvvati qurilmalari plans to start production of instrument transformers voltage of 35 kilovolts. As a result of increasing international prestige Uzbekistan increasingly large firms and companies in many countries, particularly China, are showing great interest in investing foreign direct investment in the country. In Uzbekistan, the necessary conditions and opportunities for activities of foreign businessmen, their production of quality products and services. Uzbekistan is of special interest for cooperation with "Gazprom" organization because its territory is a significant oil and gas reserves that need to be mastered. Production is carried out, for example, and in a small pilot Shakhpakhty gas field in Karakalpakstan has produced about 350 million cubic meters from August 2004 and is expected to increase annual production to 500 million cubic meters per year.

Vice Premier Wang Qishan and Deputy Prime Minister of Turkmenistan Baymurad Hojamuhammedov here today expressed their intention to continue to develop all-round cooperation, particularly in the energy sector. After the meeting, they signed an intergovernmental agreement on the provision of credit by the Chinese side Turkmen gas giant - State Concern "Turkmengaz". Details of the agreement were not disclosed at the ceremony of signing. "China sees Turkmenistan as a sincere friend and reliable partner," - said Wang Qishan, stressing that the two countries are strengthening political ties and fruitful cooperation in trade, energy, finance and other fields. He urged both sides to deepen cooperation in the gas sector, as well as in the areas of transport, telecommunications and infrastructure construction.

Conclusion

In this research paper you learn more about perspectives of energy cooperation US with Central Asia and how was it successful or not and why. I hope that you enjoyed it and for more information you can follow the links that is below.

Source

· http://russian.people.com.cn/31518/7305168.html

· http://www.trend.az/regions/casia/turkmenistan/2020679.html

· http://www.ite-uzbekistan.uz/vis/power/rus/press/news.php?ELEMENT_ID=9008

· http://www.vesti.uz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=23230:2006-05-30%2000:00:00&catid=20:business&Itemid=40

· http://camonitor.com/archives/7266

· http://www.neweurasia.info/cgi-bin/datacgi/database.cgi?file=News&report=SingleArticleRu2005&ArticleID=0004786

· http://tengrinews.kz/asia/politologi-partnerstvo-uzbekistana-ssha-privesti-konfliktu-tsentralnoy-azii-230020/

· http://www.trend.az/regions/casia/turkmenistan/2107559.html

· http://camonitor.com/archives/7266

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