Nuclear power reactors

1. Match the words with their definitions:

1) pressurized (adj.)		a)with increased concentration or abundance of one component or isotope in (a solution or mixture); concentrated
2) split (v.)		b)a fluid used to cool a system or to transfer heat from one part of it to another
3) enriched (adj.)		c)with increased pressure on (a fluid)
4) malfunction (n.)		d)the process of preventing the plasma in a controlled thermonuclear reactor from reaching the walls of the reaction vessel, usually by confining it within a configuration of magnetic fields
5) coolant (n.)		e)a slim cylinder of metal, wood, etc.; stick or shaft
6) core (n.)		f)a material, such as heavy water or graphite, used for slowing down neutrons in the cores of nuclear reactors so that they have more chance of inducing nuclear fission
7) rod (n.)		g)the region of a nuclear reactor in which the reaction takes place
8) moderator (n.)		h)to function imperfectly or irregularly or fail to function
9) containment (n.)		i)to separate or be separated from a whole

1. Before you watch, think about of the stages of creating energy by a nuclear reactor. What are they?

Now watch and find out how nuclear energy is produced to bring electricity to homes with information from a science teacher on nuclear energy and science lessons. While watching take notes of the stages of producing energy

Now you will listen to the teacher again and read the script of his presentation. There are some gaps in the script. Try to fill the text using the words and expressions in the box before listening. Now listen again and check your answers

WITHIN MATRIX CADMIUM RODS THE BASIC CORE A MODERATOR

A CHAIN REACTION GRAPHITE AN EMERGENCY BANG

HEAVY HYDROGEN BLOWS UP

ACTUALLY FUEL RODS SLOTS CONTROL RODS CAREFUL

THE NEUTRONS ROTATE THIS IS HOW CARBON ABSORBS TO PRODUCE STEAM

Hi I'm Steve Jones, and I'm going to briefly tell you how nuclear energy is produced. Now obviously this is not a drawing of a nuclear power station, simply because it's a very complex thing. But it's 1. __________ a very simple process. 2. ________the nuclear reactor at the center you have the reactor itself, which contains 3. ________. These are usually Uranium or Plutonium. And these fuel rods are in 4. ________ in a large 5. _______, in between the fuel rods are things called 6. __________. This is a material, sometimes 7. _________, carbon in the form of 8. __________. Or sometimes heavy water, that is water but made of 9. _________. These act as a moderator. This altogether produces what we call 10. ____________ which makes the whole thing get very hot. And if it gets too hot it 11. _____________. So you've got to be a bit 12. ___________, and what you have is coming in from the top can be lowered in these 13. ___________. These are 14. ____________, and the ability of the cadmium rods is to stop the reaction happening. It 15. __________ neutrons and it's neutrons that make this thing work, the cadmium absorbs 16. ___________, shuts the reactor down. So in 17. ______________, in come the rods and it shuts it down. So this is 18. _____________ of the reactor and all the reactor is doing is producing heat. So it gets hot, it heats water, that water then is used 19. ___________ to drive turbines, and the turbines 20. ____________ electrical generators, and the electrical generators generate of course electricity for us to use in our homes. So 21. ___________ nuclear energy is produced.

1. You are going to read an article about nuclear power reactors. Discuss with your partner the following questions.

· What types of nuclear reactors do you know?

· What are the main components common to nuclear reactors?

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14