Действие в будущем

Действия в момент речи

а) с глаголами, не употребляющимися в Continuous

(I understand what you mean. He wants to see you for a minute.)

б) при перечислении действий, в комментариях (Pres. Contin-s возможен, но реже)

He comes up to her, shakes hands with her, and says sth to her companion.

Now I peel the potatoes, cut them& put into the dish.

в) часто в восклицательных и вопросительных предложениях (спец. вопросы)

Why do you talk to me like that? – Oh, how wonderfully she sings!

г) когда важно само действие, а не то, что оно длится – не процесс, а факт.(oft. – verbs of speech) E.g. I refuse to listen to you. I repeat it, I didn’t take your pen

Действие в будущем

а) в придаточных предложениях условия и времени после союзов

when, while, as soon as, before, after, till /until, once, the moment/day, by the time, as long as, if, in case, unless(=if only not), on condition that, provided /providing that, suppose /supposing, imagine, assuming (that)

E.g. The moment (=as soon as/when) you learn sth new, send me a telegramme

You may take my book if/as long as/on condition tha t you promise to return it tomorrow.

The child won’t go to bed till/until his mother returns

You will like it here once (=as soon as) you get used to it

Suppose it rains, what shall we do?

Assuming (that) you are right about this, who shall we turn for help for?

Note: В других придаточных (даже после союзов if, when) употребляется Future Simple, если это требуется по смыслу(часто после слов wonder, know).

e.g I wonder if he will come. Do you know when Aunt Polly will bake us her famous cake?

б) В придаточных уступительных после союзов

even if, no matter how /when/where/who/what/how hard, difficult, nice, etc.

Whoever, whatever, wherever, however good/much/hard

E.g. Even if I tell them the truth, they won’t believe me. I’ll do the work, however difficult it is / no matter how difficult it is.

в) будущее действие, которое должно произойти согласно расписанию, плану, официальной договорённости. E.g.When does he return from his business trip? Her ship sails tomorrow. We don’t have classes next week.

г) В придаточных дополнительных после слов see (to it), take care, make (be) sure

E.g. I’ll see that the lady is properly looked after. Take care that everyone knows the new time-table.

д) в некоторых специальных вопросах, обозначающих действие в ближайшем будущем

E.g. What do we do next? Where do we go now? (куда сейчас пойдём?) What happens next?

е) В придаточных сравнения после 1-ого “the” – Present, после 2-ого – по смыслу

E.g. The colder it is, the better he will feel.(Чем холоднее будет, тем лучше он будет себя чувствовать) The sooner he comes, the more work we’ll manage to do.

The more interesting the film is, the longer they will watch it.

The more cakes she eats the fatter she becomes (… тем толще становится)

The sooner he comes, the better (it will be)

4. I hear = I have heard; I am told = I have been told – мне сказали

5. После глаголов “bet”, “hope” Present = Future

6. Here comes… There goes… (Вот / вон идёт…) Look – here comes your husband. There goes our bus; we’ll have to wait for the next.

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