Exercise 1. Comment on the types of phonetic and lexical stylistic devices and the additional information they carry in the following examples.

1) It was really an intolerable face, vulgarly, almost lasciviously handsome, with an oily salacious sheen all over the skin. (R. Dahl) 2) I looked like a garish clown with bright pink cheeks, two dead crows for eyes and the bulk of the white cliffs of Dover smeared underneath. (H. Fielding) 3) There seemed to be something noble in this, an heroic exercise of power as if he were a sort of interiorized Atlas, holding the two ends of the earth apart by sheer strength. (I. Murdoch) 4) Humiliated, and yet with a sort of despairing end-of-the-world relief, Emily left. (I. Murdoch) 5) The crisp frost lay like salt upon the grass. The sky was an inverted cup of blue metal. (O. Wilde) 6) Where did you get that quiz of a hat? (J. Austen) 7) A flush of pleasure turned Mary’s face into a harvest moon. (A. Huxley) 8) “Young man, could you get a glass of water for an old man whose heart is not here, but in the highlands?” (W. Saroyan) 9) Gatsby indicated a gorgeous, scarcely human orchid of a woman who sat in shade under a white-plum tree. (F.S. Fizgerald) 10) The day grew more and more deliciously ripe, swelling with unheard-of sweetness. Over its sun-flushed cheeks the thundery silence of the mill-wheel spread the softest, peachiest of blooms. (A. Huxley) 11) I remember the fur coats of the girls returning from Miss This-or-That’s. (F.S. Fizgerald) 12) For a while these reveries provided an outlet for his imagination; they were a satisfactory hint of the unreality of reality, a promise that the rock of the world was founded securely on a fairy’s wing. (F.S. Fizgerald) 13) The skin of his wrinkled brown face had a dry and scaly look; his hands were the hands of a crocodile. His movements were marked by the lizard’s disconcertingly abrupt clockwork speed; his speech was thin, fluty, and dry. (A. Huxley) 14) I rushed downstairs, where Magda was outside the flat in floods of tears fiddling under the steering wheel of Jeremy’s Saab convertible, which was emitting a ‘dowee-dowee-doowee’ of indescribable loudness, all lights flashing, while the baby screamed as if being murdered by a domestic cat in the car seat. (H. Fielding) 15) An evening with Rebecca is like swimming in the sea with jellyfish: all will be going along perfectly pleasantly then suddenly you get painful lashing, destroying confidence at stroke. Trouble is, Rebecca’s stings are aimed so subtly at one’s Achille’ heels, like Gulf War missiles going ‘Fzzzzzz whoossssh” through Baghdad hotel corridors, that never see them coming. (H.Fielding)

Exercise 2. Name stylistic devices and comment on their functions in the following:

1) David glided in through the gaping door and looked along the line. (I. Murdoch)

2) Daisy admired the gardens, the sparkling odour of jonquils and the frothy odour of hawthorn and plum blossoms and the pale gold odour of kiss-me-at-the-gate. (F.S. Fizgerald)

3) I found her lying on her bed as lovely as the June night in her flowered dress – and as drunk as a monkey. (F.S. Fizgerald)

4) Why couldn’t this pest of a girl leave him alone? (A. Huxley)

5) There it was again, that curiously crisp, familiar voice, clipping its words and spitting them out very hard and small like a little quick-firing gun shooting out raspberry seeds. (R. Dahl)

6) His mouth was such a post office of a mouth that he had a mechanical appearance and that he was not smiling at all. (Ch. Dickens)

7) From what he said of Miss Darcy, I was thoroughly prepared to see a proud, reserved, disagreeable girl. (J. Austen)

8) The fog was lighter here, and he could see the strange bottle-shaped kilns with their orange fan-like tongues of fire. (O. Wilde)

9) I am ageing prematurely, I realized. Like a time-release film of a plum turning into a prune. (H. Fielding)

10) We were at a particularly tipsy table. (F.S. Fizgerald) 9

11) The passers-by glanced in wonder at the sullen, heavy youth, who, in coarse, ill-fitting clothes, was in the company of such a graceful, refined girl. He was like a common gardener walking with a rose. (O. Wilde)

12) For a second she looked frightened, then, her eyes fixed on the middle distance, she adopted her wounded Princess Diana look. (H. Fielding)

13) She began to utter muted screams. (I. Murdoch)

14) He was selling shirt buttons – I bought some myself, and they were beautiful shirt buttons - but what a pig of a fellow! (K. Mansfield)

15) A succulent hash arrived, and Mr Wolfsheim, forgetting the more sentimental atmosphere of the old Metropole, began to eat with ferocious delicacy. (F.S. Fizgerald)

16) I felt that this grey, monstrous London of ours, with its sordid sinners, and its splendid sins, must have something in store for me. (O.Wilde)

17) I m not going to spend another evening being danced about in front of Mark Darcy like a spoonful of pureed turnip in front of a baby. (H. Fielding)

Exercise. Pay attention to the stylistic function of various lexical expressive means used individually and in convergence:

1. Constantinople is noisy, hot, hilly, dirty and beautiful. It is packed with, uniforms and rumors. (H.)

5. For me the work of Gertrude Stein consists in a rebuilding, an entire new recasting of life, in the city of words. Here is one artist who has been able to accept ridicule, to go live among the little housekeeping words, the swaggering bullying street-corner words, the honest working, money-saving words, and all the other forgotten and neglected citizens of the sacred and half forgotten city. (Sh. A.)

6. Only a couple of the remaining fighters began to attack the bombers. On they all came, slowly getting larger. The tiny mosquitoes dipped and swirled and dived in a mad, whirling dance around the heavier, stolid horseflies, who nevertheless kept serenely and sedately on. (J.)

7. I guess," said Mr. Hiram Fish sotto voce to himself and the world at large, "that this has been a great little old week." (Ch.)

8. The good ships Law and Equity, these teak-built, copper-bottomed iron-fastened, brazen-faced, and not by any means fast-sailing Clippers, are laid up in ordinary. (D.)

9. An enormous grand piano grinned savagely at the curtains as if it would grab them, given the chance. (W. Gl.

10. The fog comes on little cat feet. It sits looking over harbor and city on silent haunches and then moves on. (K. S.)

11 utside the narrow street fumed, the sidewalks swarmed without stomachs. (J. R.)

18. The owner, now at the wheel, was the essence of decent self-satisfaction; a baldish, largish, level-eyed man, ragged of neck but sleek and round of face-face like the back of a spoon bowl. (S. L.)

19. His fingertips seemed to caress the wheel as he nursed it over the dark winding roads at a mere whispering sixty. (L. Ch.)

20. They were both wearing hats like nothing on earth, which bobbed and nodded as they spoke. (E. W.)

22. His dinner arrived, a plenteous platter of food – but no plate. He glanced at his neighbors. Evidently plates were an affectation frowned upon in the Oasis cafe.

Taking up a tarnished knife and fork, he pushed aside the underbrush of onions and came face to face with his steak.

First impressions are important, and Bob Eden knew at once that this was no meek, complacent opponent that confronted him. The steak looked back at him with, an air of defiance that was amply justified by what followed. After a few moments of unsuccessful battling, he summoned the sheik. "How about a steel knife?" inquired Bob.

"Only got three and they're all in use," the waiter replied.

Bob Eden resumed the battle, his elbows held close, his muscles swelling. With set teeth and grim face he bore down and cut deep. There was a terrible screech as his knife skidded along the platter, and to his horror he saw the steak rise from its bed of gravy and onions and fly from him. It travelled the grimy counter for a second then dropped on to the knees of the girl and thence to the floor.

Eden turned to meet her blue eyes filled with laughter.

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