Themes for home preparation

Laboratory work 1

Main classes of inorganic compounds and types of chemical reactions.

Themes for home preparation

Oxides and hydroxides. Bases and acids. Neutral, acidic, basic and double salts. Classification, chemical properties, obtaining, use. Principles of classification of inorganic compounds. Generic link between main classes of inorganic compounds.

Questions and tasks.

1. What are oxides? Give their classification.

2. Explain properties of basic oxides. Complete the equations of possible reactions:

Na₂O + H₂O = CaO + HCl =

NiO + H₂O = CaO + CO₂=

3. What oxides are acid oxides? What are their characteristic properties? Complete the equations of the reactions.

SO₃ + CaO =

SO₃ + NaOH =

CO₂ + Ca(OH)₂ =

4. What oxides are amphoteric oxides? What are their characteristic properties? Complete the equations of the reactions.

ZnO + HCl = ZnO + KOH =

5. How can the following conversions be done:

CaO ® Ca(OH)₂ NiO ® Ni(OH)₂

6. Give the classification of salts. Complete the equations of the reactions.

H₂SO₄ + NaOH = H₂SO₄ + 2NaOH =

In what case is the neutral salt formed, in what case is the acidic salt formed and why?

7. What are acidic salts? Give their characteristic properties. Complete the equations of the reactions.

BaSO₄ + H₂SO₄ = NaHCO₃ + NaOH =

CaCO₃ + H₂O + CO₂ =

8. What salts are called basic salts? What are the methods of obtaining and characteristic properties of those salts? Complete the equations of the reactions and explain their proceeding.

MgCl₂ + NaOH =

MgCl₂ + 2KOH =

Mg(OH)Cl + HCl =

9. Give the characteristic features of chemical reaction proceeding. Give examples.

10. Complete equations of the reactions and determine the type of each reaction:

Hg(NO₃)₂ + KOH = KHCO₃

Cr(OH)₃ + KOH = Al(OH)Cl₂ + HCl =

ZnCl₂ + ZnO = K₂CO₃ + Cr₂O₃

P₂O₃ + H₂O = FeO + Cr₂O₃

NaOH + V₂O₅ = Zn + NaOH + H₂O =

BaO + H₂O = P₂O₅ + Ca(OH)₂ =

Mg + H₂SO_4(diluted) = CaH₂P₂O₇ + Ca(OH)₂ =

Mg + H₂SO_{4(concentrated)} = MgCl₂ + Mg(OH)₂ =

Na₂S + H₂S = Si + KOH + Н₂О =

KOH + Br₂ = KCrO₂ + HCl =

H₃PO₄ + NH₃ = Mg₃(PO₄)₂ + H₃PO₄ =

NO₂ + Ca(OH)₂ = NaAl(SO₄)₂+KOH_(excess) =

11. Make up equations of reactions of neutral salts obtaining from acid and basic salts:

КHSO_4, Sn(OH)Cl, Fe(OH)Cl₂,

KHS, CaH₂P₂O₇, [NiOH]₂SO₄,

NaHCO₃, Ba(HSO₄)₂, Bi(OH)₂NO₃,

Sr(OH)Cl₂, Al(OH)₂Cl, Mg(OH)Cl.

12. What salts can be formed when the following acids and hydroxides react:

Bi(OH)₃ + H₂SO₄ = Ba(OH)₂ + H₃PO₄ =

Fe(OH)₃ + HCl = NaOH + H₂MoO₄ =

Sn(OH)₂ + HCl = Cr(OH)₃ + H₂SO₄ =

Al(OH)₃ + H₂SO₄ = Cr(OH)₂ + HNO₃ =

13. Complete equations of the reactions of complex compounds forming:

AgCl + NH₃ = CoCl₂ + NH₃ =,

taking into consideration that coordination numbers of Ag⁺ and Co²⁺ are equal to 2 and 6 respectively. Find the charge of all the parts of complex compounds and write down the schemes of their dissociation.

14. Write down the equations of the double replacement reactions:

K₃[Fe(CN)₆] + FeCl₂ = K₄[Fe(CN)₆] + FeCl₃ =

Experimental section

1. Materials and equipment: magnesium band, metallic tin, calcium oxide, phosphorus oxide, copper oxide, sodium sulphite, sodium carbonate, crystalline iron chloride (III), sodium chloride and nickel chloride (II), solutions of phenolphthalein, methyl orange, copper sulphate, zinc sulphate, aluminium sulphate, nickel sulphate, iron chloride, cobalt chloride, barium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, ammonia solution, barium chloride, ammonium-iron sulphate, potassium hexacyano(III)ferrate, concentrated solutions of sodium silicate, sodium hydroxide, potassium rhodanate, litmus paper, gas-generating device, 100-ml chemical beakers, test tubes, glass rods.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14