Understanding the passage

Decide whether the following statements are true or false (T/F) by referring to the information in the text. Then make the necessary changes so that the false statements become true.

T F

1. The digital computer uses the decimal number system.

2. In the decimal system, the 0 is called a bit.

3. The binary system has only two digits.

4. In binary arithmetic 1 + 1 = 0.

5.UnlikeIBMcomputers,CDCcomputerarithmeticis based on 8 digits.

6. The hexadecimal system is based on 16 numbers.

7. To subtract a number really means to add a negative number.

8. The computer transmits information through the principle of connected or broken electrical circuits.

9. The $ sign cannot be represented in the binary system because it is not a number.

10. The hexadecimal system is an economical way of representing the binary system.

Locating information

Find the passages in the text where the following ideas are expressed. Give the line references.

1- To do calculations using the binary system is laborious work.
2. The computer gets information by means of electric circuits
which are either on or off.
........... 3. In binary, 1 + 1 equals 0 and 1 is carried to the next column.

4. Both numbers and letters are used in the hexadecimal system.

5. The binary system has two digits only.

Contextual reference

Look back at the text and find out what the words in bold typeface refer to.

1. that they have only two states (1.2)

2. it is termed a binary system (/. 8)

3. They can represent all other numbers (I. 10).........................................

4. which is based on ten digits (/. 12)

5. this increases the possibility (/. 67)

6. These are the octal (I. 70)

7. This forms the basis (I. 74)

8. that shows the relationship (/. 77)

Understanding words

Refer back to the text and find synonyms for the following words.

1. means (I. 3)...............................

2. replacing (I. 6)...............................

3. conditions (I. 6)............

4. give (I. 14)................................

5. uninteresting (I. 66)................................

Now refer back to the text and find antonyms for the following words.

6. incomplete (I. 3)

7. completed circuit (/. 4)...............................

8. decrease (I. 19)...............................

9. impossibility (7. 67)................................

10. the same (I. 74)...............................

Word forms

1. characterize, characteristic, characteristically, characterized, character

a. My daisy wheel printer can print 132............................. per

line.

b. Daisy wheel printers are.............................. by having a superb

print quality.

c. Can you describe the most important of the
computer?

d. The 0 and 1 in computer arithmetic represent the alphabet, all
numbers, and special.............................. such as $ and £.

2. substitution, substituting, substituted, substitute

a. The 0 and 1 in computer arithmetic are.............................. for

the two states of electricity, i.e. off and on.

b. There is no................................ for the speed at which a

computer performs arithmetic operations.

3. conversion, convert, converted, converter

a. Canada has............................... from the British to the metric

system. Now centimetres are used instead of inches.

b.................................. from an old computer system to a new one

can be time-consuming and complicated.

c. Before the computer can do the necessary computations for a

problem, the number should be.............................. to machine

code.

4. combination, combine, combined, combining

a. To represent the 16 different.............................. of four binary

digits, the hexadecimal system uses the digits 0 to 9 and A, B, C, D,EandF.

b. Today's microcomputers are almost as powerful as yesterday's

minis, mainly because of man's creativity............................

with the advancement in chip technology.

5. basis, base, based, basic

a. The binary system is.............................. on two digits: 0 and 1.

b. The decimal system uses 10 as a............................ whereas

the hexadecimal system uses 16.

c Data................................. management involves structuring and

organizing data so as to make them useful and available to more than one particular user.

d. Flowcharting is a............................... step in programming.

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