Present Tenses

Present simple	Present Continuous	Present Perfect	Present Perfect Continuous
Утв. Форма I,we you, they +V1\inf He,she,it + V s\es They work every day She likes this ice-cream Вопрос. Форма Do + I,we, you, they + V inf\1-я форма? Does he,she,it + V1\inf? Do they work? Does he write? Отрц.форма I,we, you, they + don’t +Vinf\1-я форма He,she,it + doesn’t +V 1\inf I don’t work here. She doesn’t like this ice-cream. We use the present simple: 1.Факты и перманентные состояния в настоящем Frank works as a lawyer. Mark lives in Bristol. 2. Постоянно и регулярно повторяющиеся действия, привычка и рутина. (со словами usually, Always, often, sometimes) - Mr. Smith usually goes to the market on Mondays. - They go to the university every day except Sunday. 3.Законы природы и непреложная истина. -Water freezes at 0 C - Moon goes round the Earth. 4. Расписание движение поездов. Самолетов театров. Спортивных матчей итд+ программы His train arrives at 6 o’clock next Tuesday. - The performance starts at 5 o’clock this Friday. 5. Спортивные комментарии, отзывы, повествования, инструкции. - Beckham wins the ball, crosses and Owen scores. - first you chop the meat, then cut it and only after that fry it. 6. Выражение чувств и эмоций - I love Krasnoyarsk it’s a beautiful city Key words: usually, often, every day\week\month итд	Утв.форма I am + Ving he, she,it + is + Ving I am working She is working We,you,they + are + Ving We are working Вопрос. Форма Am + I + Ving? Is + he, she,it++ Ving? Am I working? Is he working? Are they working? Отрц.форма I am not working He, she, it + isn’t + V ing He isn’t working They, you. we + aren’t working We use Present Continuous: 1. Действия происходят непосредственно в момент разговора. - Mary is doing the washing up. - We are listening to the teacher now. She is explaining new grammar 2. Временные ситуации в настоящем - We are decorating room this week. - I’m living with my friends until I find a new place to live. 3. Запланированный план касательно ближайшего будущего I’m flying to New York next Friday. 4.Изменяющиеся и развивающиеся ситуации в настоящем - The air is becoming more and more polluted. 5. При выражении гнева, раздражения или недовольства со словом “always” - She is always biting her nails. Вечно она грызет ногти! Key words: now, at the moment, at present, these days, nowadays, still, today, tonight	Утв. Форма I,,we, you, they + have + Ved\3 форма He, she,it + has + Ved\3 форма I have worked He has written Вопрос. Форма Have + I, we, you, they +Ved\3? Has + he,she,it + Ved\3 форма Have we worked? Has she written? Отрц.форма I,we, you, they + haven’t + Ved\3 She,he, it + hasn’t + Ved\3 I haven’t worked She hasn’t written We use Present Perfect: 1. Действие произошло в неуказанный момент в прошлом, акцент делается на самом действии, время же неважно или же неизвестно. - I have washed the dishes. 2. Действия, которые начались в прошлом и продолжаются вплоть до настоящего, используется этот пункт со статичными глаголами - I have known Bill for 10 years. 3. Недавно совершившиеся действия, связанные с ситуацией в настоящем - I have typed the letters. You can send them right now. 4. Личный опыт или изменения или перемены She has put on weight - I have eaten caviar - he has cut his long hairs Key words for, since, just, already, ever, never, so far, today, this week Month\year, how long, lately, recently	Утв. Форма I,,we, you, they + have + been + V ing He, she,it + has + been + Ving They have been working She has been working Вопрос. Форма Have + I,,we, you, they + been + Ving? Have we been working? Has + she,he,it + been + Ving? Has she been working? Отрц.форма I,,we, you, they + haven’t +been +Ving I haven’t been working he, she, it + hasn’t + been + Ving She hasn’t been working We use Present Perfect Continuous: 1. Для уточнения и акцентирования внимания на продолжительности действия, которое началось в прошлом и продолжается или продолжалось вплоть до настоящего момента. - We have been painting the room all morning. 2. Для выражения действия, которое длилось некоторое время в прошлом или которое все еще может продолжаться и чей результат виден\заметен в настоящем - He has been painting and his clothes are covered in paint. - what’s happened? I have been running away from maniac. Key words: for, since, how long, until.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-16