Post-modernism

"Post Modern" it’s a period from about 1980 to the present, characterized by the appearance of the postindustrial information economy, replacing the previous classes of aristocracy, middle class, and working class with the new paradigm: information elite, middle class, and underclass. Postmodernism rejects the modernist ideals of rationality, courage, artistic genius, and individualism, in favor of being anti-capitalist, disdainful(презирали) of traditional morality, and committed to radical egalitarianism. The postmodern author escapes, often playfully, the possibility of meaning, and the postmodern novel is often a parody of this searching. Also, it’s the combination of subjects and genres(літ.жанр) not previously supposed fit for literature.

In novels the actual meaning is to be found in the reader, not in the author. That is to say, it is futile(марно) to try and know what an author meant by what is written, but what you Can know is what you interpret from what you have read and That becomes the true meaning.

Here’re somet specific conceptual and structural forms in literature which are the follows:

1. Whereas Modernism places faith in the ideas, values, beliefs, culture, and norms of the West, Postmodernism rejects Western values and beliefs as only a small part of the human experience and often rejects such ideas, beliefs, culture, and norms.

2. Whereas Modernism tries to reveal deep truths of experience and life, Postmodernism is suspicious(підозрілий) of being "profound" because such ideas are based on one particular Western value systems.

3. Whereas Modernism tries to find depth and interior meaning beneath the surface of objects and events, Postmodernism prefers to dwell on the outside image and avoids drawing conclusions or suggesting underlying meanings associated with the interior of objects and events.

4. Whereas Modernism focused on central themes of literature, Postmodernism sees human experience as unstable, ambiguous(неясний), inconclusive(непереконливий), indeterminate, unfinished, fragmented, discontinuous, "jagged," with no one specific reality possible. Therefore, it focuses on a vision of a contradictory(несумісність), fragmented, ambiguous, indeterminate, unfinished, "jagged" world.

5. Whereas Modern authors guide and control the reader’s response to their work, the Postmodern writer creates an "open" work in which the reader must supply his own connections, work out alternative meanings, and provide his own interpretation.

English postmodern novel, like, probably, none of the other European literatures, is rooted in national culture and customs. Englishmen enjoy the play of passion, sudden turnaround of events and dispute, clever impact on their emotions. Native English reader would at once recognize the signs, placed or hidden by authors, and the same signs may pass unnoticed by foreign readers.

Also Post-Modernism authors wrote not about the whole country, but about the limited aria of the country, they know well. Each region or place has its own particular treats. Landscape, architecture and history join here into the symbolical native land; a person should love and care about. In all novels heroes go somewhere but do not come to and often return to their dearest locality.

Modern British postmodern fiction(вигадка) may be built up on different analogies in such a large measure, that a novel’s structure approximates to a crossword. Such a method helps authors to plait symbolical threads between nowadays and the very rich in events history of Britain.

Headlong (1999) of Michael Frayn

Дата добавления: 2015-11-16