Cross lie stand face f low

1. An elderly woman who............the road was knocked down by a motorcyclist.

2. The village....................................at the foot of the mountain.

3. The river which......................through the town was polluted.

4. We stopped to ask a policeman who.....................on the corner.

5. We stopped to admire the view from the bridge which...............the river.

6. A large oak tree.........................in the garden, casting its shade over the house.

7. Although it was rather cold, a few people.............on the beach, sunbathing.

8. The hotel could only offer me a small dark room that............. north.

9. Because of the heavy rain, the river.....................much faster than normal.

10. He couldn’t see me because he....................the other way.

22.3 SCENES FROM THE PAST Practice

Imagine that you saw these scenes recently, and that you’re telling a friend what you saw.

What could you say about the position of each of the people?

Example The old woman was standing by a fire.

Now describe each scene more fully, as in the examples.

Examples There was an old woman, dressed in a traditional long skirt and a woollen shawl, standing by a fire.

There was a man leaning on a stick, watching the traffic go by.

The sun was going down behind the hills.

Work in groups. Now imagine you saw one of the scenes below while you were on holiday recently. Tell the others what you saw.

22.4 STRIKING SCENES Free practice

Work in groups. Think of a scene you saw recently that struck you as either very beautiful or very unusual. Describe the scene to the others in as much detail as you can.

22.5 THE PAST PERFECT TENSE

Presentation

Read the description below, and answer the questions.

Everything was ready for the party. The room was spotlessly clean, the furniture had been moved to one side, and the floor at one end of the room was bare, ready for dancing. There were some open bottles of wine and some food on the table, and plates and cutlery were laid out neatly on the white tablecloth.

The host had put on his new white suit. He looked around him with satisfaction. The atmosphere was just right — he had turned the main lights off and had lit candles round the sides of the room. A jazz record was playing, and a fire was burning brightly in the grate...

1. In the passage, what is the Past Perfect tense used for?   2. Use the Past Perfect to talk about: a) the room b) the carpet c) the bottles of wine d) the food e) the plates and cutlery f) the record g) the fire

3. Use the Past (Simple or Continuous) to. talk about: a) the furniture b) the lights c) the suit d) the candles

Practice

Later that evening, the party got completely out of hand, and a neighbour called the police.

By the time they got there.

A В

... everyone in the street was awake.... everyone in the street had woken up.

... there was no glass in the windows.

... the host was lying unconscious in the hall

... the building was on fire.

... the fire brigade was already there.

... only a few guests were still there.

... the stereo equipment was missing.

... the lift wasn’t working.

... there was a man on the roof.

The sentences in Column A tell you how things were. Complete Column В with alternative sentences which say what had happened.

22.6 PREVIOUS EVENTS

Practice

Work in groups. Look at the sentences below. What things do you think had happened previously?

1 When I returned home for the holidays I found that my parents had made all sorts of changes to the house...

2 At nine o’clock that morning we were almost ready to set off.for our day in the country...

3 The summer season was over by the time they reached the island...

4 The play was about to begin...

5 I was in a panic. My guests were due to arrive in two hours, and nothing was ready...

Writing

Choose two of the sentences and develop them into paragraphs.

22.7 MEMORIES Free practice

You will hear someone describing how he first met his wife. Listen to the tape and answer the questions.

1 Why was the speaker at the party?

2 How was he feeling? Why?

3 What was the girl doing?

4 How exactly did they meet?

Work in groups.

Tell the others either how you first met someone you know very well

or your earliest childhood memory

or a dream you remember

22.8 MORNING CALL

Reading

Read the passage below and answer the question.

1. Find expressions in the passage (as many as you can) which tell you:

a) that it was early morning

b) that the weather was dull and very windy

c) that it was winter

d) that the town was neglected

2. What is the A A (line 5), and what would they do if the writer phoned them?

3. The writer mentions three permanent features of the street she was walking down. What were they?

4. a) Why was the cat sniffing at the paper bags? (line 20)

b) Why was it sniffing ‘hopelessly’?

c) Why did the writer ‘stop in astonishment’? (line 27)

d) Why did she wait ‘discreetly’? (line 36)

e) What is the difference between ‘drip’ (line n) and ‘trickle’ (line 39)?

5. a) Why didn’t the man raise his head when the writer approached?

b) Why didn’t the writer realise immediately that something was wrong?

Free practice

The writer is being questioned by the police, who want to know:

1 why she was in the town

2 what she was doing

3 how she discovered the man

4 exactly what she saw

Student A: You are the policeman. Question the writer in as much detail as you can.

Make sure she can prove she is innocent.

Student В: You are the writer. Give an account of your actions, without looking at the text.

Unit 22 Summary of language In this unit you have learnt how to: - describe scenes you saw in the past - talk about previous events - set the scene for a story KEY POINTS 1. Past Continuous structures Some children were playing in the street. There were a few people dancing. There was a man sitting in the corner, reading a book. 2. Participle structures They were sitting talking to each other. He was lying stretched out in the sun. An old woman dressed in black was walking down the road. 3. Past Simple tense for permanent features The trees stood in a long line beside the road. The road crossed a stream and thenran through a forest. 4. Past states resulting from previous events When I got back, I found that everything was different. When I got back, I found that everythinghad changed.   There was some milk in the fridge. She had left some milk in the fridge.  

Activities

ESKIMOS

An Eskimo who has never been near a city or a road in his life visits a big city. He sees lots of things he has never seen before. When he gets back home, he describes some of these unfamiliar things to his friends...

1 You will hear the Eskimo describe one of the things he has seen in the city. Listen to the tape, and then try to guess what he has described.

2 Work in groups. Think of another familiar thing that the Eskimo saw in the city. Imagine you are the Eskimo, and work out how to describe it to your friends.

3 Describe your object to the rest of the class. They will try to guess what you have described.

COMPOSITION

Below are the first and last sentences of some paragraphs that set a scene for a story. Choose one of the scenes and write:

a) a paragraph describing the scene

b) a second paragraph continuing the story.

Write 150-200 words.

1 When Jane got to the airport building, she found that it was swarming with people...

... Jane pushed her way through the crowd towards the information desk.

2 Brian unpacked his suitcase, and looked down from the hotel window to the square below; it was the busiest time of the day...

... ‘What a nice change from London,’ he thought to himself.

3 On board the liner, there was no reason to believe that anything was wrong at all...

... In fact, for everyone on board it seemed to be just a normal, calm, sunny day.

Unit 23 Criticising

23.1 WHAT’S WRONG? Presentation and practice

Look at the pictures. What can you find to criticise about the things and people in the pictures? Talk about them using should.

Examples The children shouldn’t be skipping near the clothes line.

There should be a clear notice saying ‘Danger’ near the lake.

The children should be playing football in a park, not in the road.

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