Non-speech audio output

For non-speech output four main categories may be identified. Because in the recent literature the same terms are often used in different ways, first the definitions of the terms used in this report will be presented.

Auditory Icon

Everyday sounds that convey information about events in the computer or in remote environment by analogy with everyday sound-producing events [118].
Example:

· sound of a trashcan successful deletion of a file

· machine sound computer process running

Earcons

Tone-based symbol sets, wherein the verbal language is replaced with combinations of pitch and rhythmic structures each of which denotes something in the data or computer environment. They have language-like characteristics of rules and internal references [26].
Abstract, synthetic tones that can be used in structured combinations to create sound messages to represent parts of an interface [42].

Example:

· simple melody for indicating an error status

Sonification

Use of data to control a sound generator for the purpose of monitoring and the analysis of data.
Examples:

· Mapping data to pitch, brightness, loudness, or spatial position [162]

· changes in bond market data changes of brightness of sound

Audification

A direct translation of a data waveform to the audible domain for the purpose of monitoring an comprehension.
Example:

· listening to the waveforms of an electroencephalogram, seismogram, radio telescope data [162]

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