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What is the purpose of punishment? One purpose is obviously to reform the offender, to correct the offender's moral attitudes and anti-social behaviour and to rehabilitate him or her, which means to assist the offender to return to normal life as a useful member of the community. Punishment can also be seen as a deterrent because it warns other people of what will happen if they are tempted to break the law and so prevents them from doing so. However, a third purpose of punishment lies, perhaps, in society's desire for retribution, which basically means revenge. In other words, don't we feel that a wrongdoer should suffer for his misdeeds? The form of punishment should also be considered. On the one hand, some believe that we should "make the punishment fit the crime".
Those who steal from others should be deprived of their own property to ensure that criminals are left in no doubt that crime doesn't pay. For those who attack others corporal punishment should be used. Murderers should be subject to the principle "an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth" and automatically receive the death penalty. On the other hand, it is said that such views are unreasonable, cruel and barbaric and that we should show a more humane attitude to punishment and try to understand why a person commits a crime and how society has failed to enable him to live a respectable/law-abiding life.
Notes: to tempt - соблазнять
a revenge - месть
II. Translate the text up to the end, beginning with "Those who steal...".
III. Check the comprehension of the text by choosing the answer, which you think, is correct.
1. Punishment can be seen as a deterrent
a) it is not quite so, because it doesn't warn some people of what will happen;
b) yes, it is absolutely true;
c) some people are not punished and it doesn't prevent them from doing so.
2. A wrongdoer should suffer from his misdeeds.
a) murderers shouldn't receive the death penalty;
b) a wrongdoer should be deprived of his property;
c) society must punish the criminal for his misdeeds.
3. The purpose of punishment is to assist the offender to return to normal life.
a) yes, it is true, to correct the society;
b) yes, it is true, to rehabilitate his or her relatives;
c) yes, it is absolutely true, to correct the offender.
IV. Complete the sentences by choosing the phrase, which you think is correct.
1. The purpose of punishment lies in retribution, which mean...
a) punishment; b) desire; c) revenge.
2. Punishment can be a deterrent because...
a) it prevents them from doing so;
b) it warns other people if they break the law;
c) it breaks the law.
3. Some people believe that we should...
a) steal from others;
b) deprive of their property;
c) make the punishment fit the crime.
V. Chose the correcf translation of the following words.
1. a fnurder
а) убийца b) убийство с) преступление
2. a death penalty
а) телесное наказание b) смертная казнь с) убийство человека
3. a wrongdoer
а) правонарушение Ь) злодеяние с) правонарушитель
Вариант № 3
I. Read the text for general understanding.
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