Main article: Alberto Santos-Dumont
Alberto Santos-Dumont, the designer of the 14-bis.
The Brazilian inventor Alberto Santos-Dumont made a public flight with the flying machine designated 14-bis also known as Oiseau de proie (French for "bird of prey"), on 13 September 1906 in Paris (three years after the Wright Brothers flight in 1903). He used a canard elevator and pronounced wing dihedral, and covered a distance of 60 m (200 ft) on the grounds of the Chateau de Bagatelle in Paris' Bois de Boulogne, before a large crowd of witnesses. This well-documented event was the first flight verified by the Aéro-Club de France of a powered heavier-than-air machine in Europe and won the Deutsch-Archdeacon Price for the first officially observed flight further than 25 meters.
The 14-bis also known as Oiseau de proie (French for "bird of prey").
On November 12, 1906, Santos-Dumont set the first world record recognized by the Federation Aeronautique Internationale by flying 220 meters in 21.5 seconds.
Santos-Dumont made other contributions to the field of aircraft design. He added movable surfaces, the precursor toailerons
, between the wings in an effort to gain more lateral stability. Santos-Dumont's final design was the Demoisellemonoplane (Nos. 19 to 22). This aircraft was employed as Dumont's personal transportation and he willingly let others make use of his design. In 1908 Santos-Dumont started working with Adolphe Clément's Clement-Bayard company to build the Demoiselle No 19. It was the world's first series production aircraft. By 1909 it was offered with a choice of 3 engines, Clement 20 hp; Wright 4-cyl 30 hp (Clement-Bayard had the license to manufacture Wright engines); and Clement-Bayard 40 hp designed by Pierre Clerget. The Demoiselle achieved 120 km/h.[34]
Demoiselle No.19 First series production aircraft
Alberto Santos-Dumont – seriously ill, and said to be depressed over his multiple sclerosis (not confirmed) and the use of aircraft in warfare – is believed to have committed suicide by hanging himself in the city of Guarujá in São Paulo, on July 23, 1932.[35]
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