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
5 @ 3 A > = = 5 A; 5 4 > 2 0;? >? C B 8,? @ > B > @ 5 = = > < C < = > 3 8 < 8 4 @ C 3 8 <! 2 5; 8: 8 < 8 D 8; > A > D 0 < 8, 8 7; > 6 8 2 2 N = > < 2 > 7 @ 0 A B 5: @ C? = C N D 8; 5 A: C N A 8 A B 5 < C. ‑ = A: > @ 5 5 B 5 @? 5; 8 2 > > 1 @ 0 I 0; A O 2 A 5 @ 8 8: = 8 3: > B -| 4 5; L = K < B 5 < 0 <,? > 2 5 @ O O 8 E 2 A 5 A 2 > 5 9: > = F 5? F 8 5 9 2 @ 5 < 5 = 8.
; O? > = 8 < 0 = 8 O A 2 O 7 8 < 5 6 4 C 4 C E > 2 = K < 8 < 0 B 5 @ 8 0; L = K <, B > 3 >, = 0 H 8 3 >; > 2 K 8 B 5; 0 @ 0 1 > B 0 N B 2 < 5 A B 5, 5 @ 3 A > =? > A B 0 @ 0; A O? > A B 8 3 @ 0 1 > B C? 0 < O B 8. > 7 3, C 2 5 @ O; > =, O 2; O 5 B A O = 5:; 0 4 5 7 5 < 8 = D > @ < 0 F 8 8 * 0 A: > @ 5 5 D 8; L B @ > <,: > B > @ K 9 C 4 5 @ 6 8 2 0 5 B B >; L: > B >, 2 G 5 < < K B 8 G 5 A: 8 = C 6 4 0 5 < A O 4; O? @ > 4 >; 6 5 = 8 O? C B 8. 0 A 0 < > < 4 5; 5 < > 7 3 A B 0 | @ 0 5 B A O 1 >; L H 5 7 0 1 K B L, = 5 6 5; 8 7 0? > < = 8 B L. " >; L: > G 5; > 2 5: > 1; 0 4 0 5 A > 7 = 0 = 8 5 < 8; 8 G 8 A B > 9? 0 < O B L N A? > A > 1 = > A B L N? > < = 8 B L B >; L: > B > | G B > = 5 > 1 E > 4 8 < >. ' 8 A B 0 O? 0 < O B L G 5; > 2 5: 0 > 1 J 5 4 8 = O 5 B A O A > 1 I 8 <, 2 A 5 E 6 8 2 K E A C I 5 A B 2: 0 G 5 A B 2 > < 8 = A B 8 =: B > < 8; 8 ｫ? 0 < O B L N > 1 K -| G 0 O ｻ 2 C = 8: 0; L = > G 5; > 2 5 G 5 A: > < A 8 = B 5 7 5 2 > A? > < 8 = 0 = 8 O.
5 @ 3 A > = B 0: 6 5 8 A A; 5 4 > 2 0; @ 0 1 > B C 8 = B 5;; 5: B 0.! @ 0 2 = 8 2 0 O 8 = B 5; -|; 5: B A > A 2 > 5 9: > = F 5? F 8 5 9 2 @ 5 < 5 = 8, > = > B < 5 B 8; ｫ: 8 = 5 < 0 B > 3 @ 0 D 8 G 5 A ^: 8 9 < 5 B > 4 ｻ 8 = B 5;; 5: B 0, 6 8 2 > 9 8? @ > 4 >; 6 8 B 5; L = K 9: 8 = > D 8; L <, A B > O I 8 9 8 7 > B 4 5; L = K E A B 0 B 8 G = K E: 0 4 @ > 2,? > = 8 < 0 5 < K E? > > 4 = > < C 2 1 >; L H > 9,? > A B > O = = > 8 1 K A B @ > < 5 = O N I 5 9 A O 2 >; = 5. = B 5;; 5: B
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
0 A H 8 @ O O A 2 > 8: > = F 5? F 8 8 2 @ 5 < 5 = 8, @ 0 A A C 4: 0 8 < 0 B 5 @ 8 8, 8 = B C 8 F 8 8 8 8 = B 5;; 5: B 0, 5 @ 3 A > = 0 = 0; 8 7 8 @ C 5 B M 2 >; N F 8 N. ‑ = G C 2 A B 2 > 2 0;, G B > D 8; > A > D 8 N A; 5 4 C 5 B 4 > 1 0 2 8 B L: 1 8 >; > 3 8 G 5 A: > 9 8 A B > @ 8 8. 5 @ 3 A > = 2 5 @ 8;, G B > 8 7 = 0 G 0; L = K 9? > @ K 2 6 8 7 = 8, ｫ6 8 7 = 5 = = K 9? > @ K 2 ｻ? @ 8 4 0 5 B A 8; K 2 A 5 < 6 8 2 K < A C I 5 A B 2 0 <. " 0: > 9? > @ K 2? @ > 8 A B 5: 0; 8 7 G 5; > 2 5 G 5 A: > 3 > B 2 > @ G 5 A B 2 0.
@ > D 5 A A 8 > = 0; L = 0 O 6 8 7 = L 5 @ 3 A > = 0? @ > H; 0 3; 0 2 = K < > 1 @ 0 7 > < 2? @ 5? > 4 0 2 0 = 8 8 < 5 B 0 D 8 7 8: 8 2 > D @ 0 = F C 7 A: 8 E 2 K A H 8 E C G 5 1 = K E 7 0 2 5 4 5 = 8 O E, 0 5 5: C; L < 8 = 0 F 8 > = = K <? C =: B > < A B 0; > G; 5 = A B 2 > 2 > $ @ 0 = F C 7 A: > 9 0: 0 4 5 < 8 8. > 2 @ 5 < O 5 @ 2 > 9 < 8 @ > 2 > 9 2 > 9 = K > = = 0 E > 4 8; A O = 0 4 8?; > < 0 B 8 G 5 A: > 9 A; C 6 1 5, 0 7 0 B 5 < 1 K; G 8 = > 2 = 8: > < 8 3 8 0 F 8 9.
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
( " ‑
( " ‑
(1700-1760)
> @ > 9,: > 3 4 0 @ 5; 8 3 8 > 7 = K 5 8; 8? >; 8 B 8 G 5 A: 8 5 4 2 8 6 5 = 8 O >: 0 7 K 2 0 N B A O = 5 2 > A? @ 8 8 < G 8 2 K < 8: = C 6 4 0 < G 5; > 2 5: 0, 2 5; 8: 0 O 6 0 6 4 0? @ > -A B > B K, < O B 5 6 = K 9 4 C E > 2; 0 4 5 2 0 N B; N 4 L < 8, 8 > = 8 8 I C B? 5 @ 5 < 5 =. = 0 G 0; 5 XVIII 2. 1 >; L H 8 = A B 2 > 2 > A B > G = > 5 2 @ >? 5 9 A: 8 E 5 2 @ 5 5 2? @ > 6 8 2 0; 8! 2 < 5 A B 5 G: 0 E 1 5 7 > A > 1 > 9 = 0 4 5 6 4 K = 0 < 0 B 5 @ 8 0; L = > 5 1; 0 3 >? >; C G 8 5. 2 -| @ 5 9 A: 0 O > 1 I 8 = 0 F 5 = 8; 0 B > 3 4 0 3 @ 0 < > B = K E 8 2 0; 8 D 8 F 8 @ > 2 0 = = K E @ 0 -| 1 > B = 8: > 2. < 5 A B 5 G: 0 E 3; 0 2 5 = A B 2 > 2 0; 8 A 5 < L 8 1 > 3 0 B K E 4 > @ 3 > 2 F 5 2,-@ 0 2 2 8 = K 8 0 4 2 >: 0 B K. 5 4 = O: 8 1 K; 8 1 5 A? @ 0 2 = K? 5 @ 5 4 < 5 A B 5 G: > 2 K < 8! A > 2 5 B 0 < 8. ', |
M B > 9 > 1 I 8 = 5, = 0 A G 8 B K 2 0 2 H 5 9? >; > 2 8 = C 5 2 @ 5 5 2 < 8 @ 0 8 A B @ 0 4 0 2 ^ H 5 9 > B >; 8 3 0 @ E 8 8 8 C 3 = 5 B 5 = 8 O, @ > 4 8; A O 0 0; (5 < " > 2, 8; 8 ｫ# G 8 B 5; L.| A 1 > 6 5 A B 2 5 = = K < 8 < 5 = 5 < ｻ. A @ 0 M; L 1 5 = ; 8 M 7 5 @ 1 K; 1 5 4 = O: > <, 1 @ > *|
4 O 3 > 9, A 8 @ > B > 9,? > < > I = 8: > < C G 8 ^0 B 5; O,: >? 0 B 5; 5 < 8 7 2 5 A B 8, E > 7 O 8 = 5 *? > A B > O; > 3 > 4 2 > @ 0, = 0 2 A 5 @ C: 8 < 0 A B 5 @ > <, 8 7 3 > B > 2 8 B 5; 5 < 0 < C; 5 B > 2 ^ 7 = 0 E 0 @ 5 <. >; L H 0 O G 0 A B L 8 A B > @ 8 8! 5 3 > 6 8 7 = 8 1 K; 0? 5 @ 5 A: 0 7 0 = 0 5 3 >!? > A; 5 4 > 2 0 B 5; O < 8 8 > 1 @ > A; 0 C 4 8 2 8 -| B 5; L = K < 8; 5 3 5 = 4 0 < 8. ‑ = = 5 > A B 0 2 8; = 8: 0: 8 E A > G 8 = 5 = 8 9. ‑ 5 3 4 8 2 = K E 4 5; 0 E < K 7 = 0 5 < 8 7 2 > A? A < 8 = 0 = 8 9 C G 5 = 8: > 2. 2 A 5 6 5 2 5; 8 ^: > 1 K; > 5 3 > 2; 8 O = 8 5 = 0 @ 0 7 5 ｻ A > 2 @ 5 < 5 = = > 3 > 8 C 4 0 8 7 < 0. 0 @ O 4 C @ 0 7 2 8 B 8 5 <? @ 0 2 > 2 5 @ = > 9 @ 0 2 2 8 = A: > 9 8 C 4 5 9 A: > 9 < K A; 8, 2 5 @ H 8 = >!: > B > @ > 9 1 K; 8; 5 = A: 8 9 0 > =,; 8 1 5 @ 0; 8 7 0 F 8 5 9, 2 > 7 3; 0 2; 5 = = > 9 D 8; > A > D > < @ > A 2 5 I 5 = 8 O > 7 12 3 A > < 5 = 4 5; L A > = > <, 5 H B (B 0: > 2
1 K; >? @ > 7 2 8 I 5 0 0; 0 (5 < " > 2 0)? @ 8 2 = 5 A A 5 @ 4 5 G = > A B L 8 M: A B 0 7 2 < >; 8 B 2 C, A B @ 0 A B L 2 A C E 8 5 A; > 2 0 @ 5; 8 3 8 > 7 = > 3 > > 1 @ O 4 0.
; O = 5: > B > @ K E A > 2 @ 5 < 5 = = 8: > 2 5 H B 1 K;; 8 4 5 @ > < 5 @ 5 B 8: > 2,? > 4 > 1 = K E? > A; 5 4 > 2 0 B 5; O <; 6 5 < 5 A A 8 8 (0 1 B 0 O & 2 8 8; 8 1 5 7 C < = > 3 > 0: > 2 0 $ @ 0 =: 0,? @ >? > 2 5 4 > 2 0 2 H 5 3 > A 2 > 1 > 4 = C N; N 1 > 2 L 8 > 1 @ 0 B 8 2 H 5 3 >? > 7 6 5 2 A N A 2 > N 3 @ C?? C 2: 0 B >; 8 F 8 7 <. @ > A B K 5 6 5; N 4 8 > 1 > 6 0; 8 5 H B 0. ‑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
! > 3; 0 A = > 5 H B C,? > A: >; L: C > 3 2 5 7 4 5 A C I,? @ 8 A C B A B 2 C 5 B? > 2 A 5 < 5 A B = > 8 2? @ > 7 0 8 G = > < A; 8 7 = O: 5, 8 2 2 5; 8: >; 5? = > <; 5 A C, 2 A 5 2 >: @ C 3 4 0 5 B @ 0 4 > A B L, A G 0 A B L 5 >: @ C 6 0 5 B: 0 6 4 > 5 6 8 2 > 5 A C I 5 A B 2 >. > 3 7 0? > 2 5 4 0; = 0 < 1 K B L A G 0 A B; 8 2 K < 8,? 5 B L 8 B 0 = F 5 2 0 B L, G C 2 A B 2 > 2 0 B L: 0 6 4 > 9:; 5 B > G: > 9 3 > G C 4 = C N I 5 4 @ > A B L. 5 H B C G 8;, G B > 0 9 A: @ K B 7 0 A 2 O B K < 8 A; > 2 0 < 8, 4 > A B C? = K < 8: 0 6 4 > < C,: B >? > 7 2 >; O 5 B M: A B 0 7 C < >; 8 B 2 K 2 5 A B 8 7 0 A > 1 > 9.
‑ 4 = > 8 7 3; 0 2 = K E 5 3 > B 2 > @ 5 = 8 9 ｫF 0 4 8: ｻ (? @ 0 2 5 4 = 8:) 1 K; > 8 A? >; L 7 > 2 0 = >? > A; 5 4 > 2 0 B 5; O < 8 4; O A > 7 4 0 = 8 O 2 5; 8: 8 E 4 8 = 0 A B 8 9 @ 0 2 2 8 = > 2, 5: > B > @ K 5 8 7: > B > @ K E A > E @ 0 = 8; 8 A L 4 > = 0 H 8 E 4 = 5 9 (= 0? @ 8 < 5 @, N 1 0 2 8 G A: > 5 E 0 A 8 4 A: > 5 4 2 8 6 5 = 8 5 2 5 4 5 B A 2 > 5? @ > 8 A E > 6 4 5 = 8 5 A: > = F 0 2 > A 5 < = 0 4 F 0 B > 3 > 2 5: 0 > B C G 5 = 8: > 2 5 H B 0). & 0 4 8: > < 1 K; 0 8 A:; N G 8 B 5; L = 0 O; 8 G = > A B L, C = 8: 0; L = 0 O? @ 0 2 5 4 = > A B L: > B > @ > 9 4 5; 0; 0 5 5 > A > 1 5 = = > 1; 8 7: > 9 > 3 C. & 0 4 8: < > 3 4 0 6 5 E > 4 0 B 0 9 A B 2 > 2 0 B L? 5 @ 5 4 2 >; 5 8 7 J O 2; 5 = 8 5 < > 6 L 8 <. @ 5 5 < = 8: 8 0 0; 0 (5 < 0 " > 2 0 > 2 0 5 @ 8 @ 0 2 2 8 = 0 E < 0 = 8 7 @ 0 B 8 A; 0 2 K 2 = 5 A; 8 7 0 < 5 B = K 9 2:; 0 4 2 8 4 5; > @ 0 A H 8 @ 5 = 8 O? >; 8 B 8 G 5 A: > 3 > 7 = 0 G 5 = 8 O F 0 4 8: 0, = 0 7 K 2 0 2 H 5 3 > A O B 0: 6 5 ｫ@ 5 1 5 ｻ, G L 8 4 C E > 2 = K 5 "F 5 = = > A B 8 A; C 6 8; 8 > 1 @ 0 7 F > < 4; O 5 3 > > 1 I 8 = K, 8 = > A 8 B 5; 5 < A 2 O B K E 4 0 @ > 2.
> A; 5 A < 5 @ B 8 0 0; 0 (5 < " > 2 0 2 > A B > G = > 5 2 @ >? 5 9 A: 8 5 5 2 @ 5 8 @ 0 A: >; >; 8 A L = 0 4 >; 3 8 5 3 > 4 K = 0? @ 8 2 5 @ 6 5 = F 5 2 5 3 > M: A B 0 B 8 G 5 A: 8 E 8 4 5 0; > 2 8 5 3 > 1 >; 5 5 B @ 0 4 8 F 8 > = = K E >?? > = 5 = B > 2 2 > 3; 0 2 5 A 8; 5 = A: 8 < 0 > = > <. % 0 A 8 4 K? @ > 7 2 0; 8 5 3 >? > A; 5 4 > 2 0 B 5; 5 9 < 8 B = 0 3 4 8 < ? @ > B 8 2 = 8: 0 < 8 8 E A > 1 A B 2 5 = = > 9 @ 0 4 > A B 8. 2 @ 5 9 A: > 5! @ 5 4 = 5 2 5: > 2 L 5 7 0 2 5 @ H 8; > A L: > = D; 8: B > < < 5 6 4 C E 0 A 8 4 0 < 8 8 < 8 B = 0 3 4 8 <, A B 0 2 H 8 <? > 7 6 5 > B = > A 8 B 5; L = > 1 5 A A < K A; 5 = = K < = 0 D > = 5 A 2 5 B A: > 3 > 5 2 @ 5 9 A: > 3 > @ > A 2 5 I 5 = 8 O, 8; 8 0 A: 0; K. % 0 A 8 4 K 5 I 5 1 >; L H 5 A > A @ 5 4 > B > G 8; 8 A L = 0 8 7 C G 5 = 8 8 " 0; < C 4 0. - B > A 1; 8 7 8; > 8 E A 3; 0 2 = K < > 1 K G 0 5 < 8 > B 4 0; 8; > > B 2 > A B > @ 3 > 2 5 H B K. > < 8 < > 5 3 > D 8 7 8 G 5 A: > 3 >? @ 8 A C B A B 2 8 O A: C @ 8 B 5; L = > 9 B @ C 1: > 9 2 7 C 1 0 E B @ 5 1 > 2 0; 0 A L 5 I 5 8 >? @ 5 4 5; 5 = = 0 O A B @ C: B C @ 0.
$ ! ,! ‑
$ ! ,! ‑
(1809-1847)
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|? >? @ 0 2 C A @ 0 2 = 8 2 0; 8 A 2 5; 8 -<: 8 < = 5 < 5 F: 8 <? > M B > < 5 B 5 7 0 | C = 8: 0; L = > 5 A > G 5 B 0 = 8 5:; 0 A A 8 -1: 8 8 @ > < 0 = B 8 7 < 0. % > B O < K! A; K H 8 < 2 5 3 > < C 7 K: 5 > B 7 2 C: 8 | 0 E 0, 5 = 4 5; O, > F 0 @ B 0 8 5 B -| E > 2 5 = 0, 5 = 4 5; L A > = A 0 <? > -| A; C 6 8; > 1 @ 0 7 F > < 4; O < = > 3 1 >; 5 5? > 7 4 = 8 E: > <? > 7 8 B > @ > 2,' B > < G 8 A; 5 4; O 0 3 = 5 @ 0, @ 0 < -| A 0, 2 > @ 6 0: 0 8 0; 5 @ 0.
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ｫ‑: B 5 B ｻ 8 C 2 5 @ B N @ 0:? L 5 A 5 (5: A? 8 @ 0 ｫ! > = 2; 5 B = N N = > G L ｻ. ｫ‑: B 5 B ｻ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ｫ C @ O 8 = 0 B 8 A: ｻ 0 9 4 = 0 8 5 B E > 2 5 = 0 C A B C? 8; 8 < 5 A B > 1 >; 5 5? 0 A B > @ 0; L = > < C? > 4 E > 4 C. C 7 K: 0 5 = 4 5; L A > = 0 7 = 0 G 8 B 5; L = > 1 >; 5 5 C B 5 H 8 B 5; L = 0 O 8 C A? >: > 8 B 5; L = 0 O 1; 0 3 > 4 0 @ O A 2 > 5 9 = 5? @ 8 = C 6 4 5 = = > A B 8 8; 5 3: > < C 8 7 O I 5 A B 2 C.
5 @; 8 = A: > 9? 5 2 G 5 A: > 9 0: 0 4 5 < 8 8 N = K 9 $ 5; 8: A? @ > H 5; 8 A? K B 0 = 8 5 = 5 B >; L: > 5 B E > 2 5 = > <, = > 8 1 >; 5 5 A B 0 @ > 9 < C 7 K: > 9, 3; 0 2 = K < > 1 @ 0 7 > < > 3 0 = = 0! 5 1 0 A B L O = 0 0 E 0. > A; 5 4 = 8 9 = 5 1 K; B > 3 4 0 H 8 @ >: > 8 7 2 5 A B 5 =, @ 0 7 2 5 G B > A 0 < K < >!|= 7 > 2 0 = = K < < C 7 K: 0 = B 0 <. ; 8 O = 8 5
100 %
1 > 3 0 B K E < = > 3 > A; > 9 = K E: > <? > 7 8 F 8 9 0 E 0 > 1 > 3 0 B 8; 8 A 2 > 1 > 4 = > 5 8 A? >; L 7 > 2 0 = 8 5: > = B @ 0? C =: B 0 2 1 K A B @ > @ 0 7 2 8 2 0 2 H 5 < A O A B 8; 5 5 = 4 5; L -,| A > = 0.
0 6 = K < @ 5 7 C; L B 0 B > < O 2 8; > A L 2 > 7 > 1 = > 2; 5 = 8 5 5 = 4 5; L A > = > < H 5 4 5 2 @ 0 0 E 0 ｫ! B @ 0 A B 8? > 0 B D 5 N ｻ 2 1829 3. 5 @ 2 > 5 8 A? >; = 5 = 8 5 M B > 9 > @ 0 B > @ 8 8? > A; 5 A < 5 @ B 8 0 E 0 7 0 A 5 < L 4 5 A O B 4 5 2 O B L; 5 B 4 > B > 3 > = 0 2 A 5 3 - *| 4 0 C: @ 5? 8; > @ 5? C B 0 F 8 N 2 5; 8: > 3 >: > <? > 7 8 B > @ 0 1 0 @ >:: > 8? >; > 6 8; > @ 5 0; L = > 5 = 0 G 0; > > A 2 5 4 > <; 5 = = > A B 8 8 2 = 8 < 0 = 8 N: < C 7 K: 5, = 0? 8 A 0 = = > 9 @ 0 = 5 5.
> 2 @ 5 < 5 = 0 5 = 4 5; L A > = 0: > = F 5 @ B K > 1 K G = > A > A B 0 2; O; 8 A L 8 7 @ 0 7 = > > 1 @ 0 7 = K E? @ > 3 @ 0 < <, 2:; N G 0 2 H 8 E: > @ > B: 8 5; 5 3: 8 5? L 5 A K, > B 4 5; L = K 5 G 0 A B 8 1 >; 5 5: @ C? = K E? @ > 8 7 2 5 4 5 = 8 9 8 2 A 5 3 4 0 = > 2 C N < C 7 K: C, A > -,| G 8 = 5 = = C N 8 A? >; = 8 B 5; 5 <, @ 5 6 5 8 = B 5 @? @ 5 B 0 F 8 N: 0: > 9 -; 8 1 > @ 0 1 > B K A B 0 @ > 3 > < 0 A B 5 @ 0. > 3 4 0 2 2 > 7 @ 0 A B 5 4 2 0 4 F 0 B 8 H 5 A B 8; 5 B 5 = 4 5; L A > = 2 7 O; A O 7 0 C A B @ > 9 A B 2 >: > = F 5 @ B > 2 2 5 2 0 = 4 E 0 C 7 5 (ｫ > < 5 > 4 5 6 4 K ｻ) 2 5 9? F 8 3 5, > = = 0 2 A 5 3 4 0 8 7 < 5 = 8;? > @ O 4 >: 8 E A > A B 0 2; 5 = 8 O. @ 5 4; 0 3 0; 8 A L A > G 8 = 5 = 8 O? >; = > A B L N,? @ 8 3; 0 H 0; 8 A L 8 7 2 5 A B = K 5 A >; 8 A B K (B 0: 8 5,: 0: 8 A B 8 @ C A A: 8 9 = B > = C 1 8 = H B 5 9 =) 8 3; C 1 >: >? > G 8 B 0; 8 A L 2 5; 8: 8 5 < 0 A B 5 @ 0.
8 @ 8 6 5 @ 5 = 4 5; L A > = B 0: 6 5 A D > @ < 8 @ > 2 0; > @: 5 A B @ 5 2 0 = 4 E 0 C 7 0 2 5 4 8 = > 5 F 5; > 5, 8 3 @ 0 2 H 5 5 2 C = 8 A > = B >; L: >? > 4 5 3 > @ C: > 2 > 4 A B 2 > <,: 0: > 4 8 = 8 A? >; = 8 B 5; L A: 8 9 > @ 3 0 =, 0 = 5 = 5 A: >; L: >. ‑ = A B 0;? 5 @ 2 K < A > 2 @ 5 < 5 = = K < 4 8 @ 8 6 5 @ > <. > 5 = 4 5; L A > = 0 4 8 @ 8 6 5 @ A B 2 > > 3 @ 0 = 8 G 8 2 0; > A L @ 0 2 = 5 = 8 5 < = 0? 5 @ 2 C N A: @ 8?: C. 5 = 4 5; L A > = 8 A? >; L 7 > 2 0; 4 2 8 - > 6 5 = 8 5 @ C: 8 4; O B > 3 >, G B > 1 K 7 0 4 0 2 0 B L @ 8 B <, 2 K 7 K 2 0 B L 4 8 = 0 < 8 G 5 A: C N @ 5 0: F 8 N 8 A? >; = 8 B 5; 5 9 8 @ C: > 2 > 4 8 B L, B 0: 8 < > 1 @ 0 7 > <, > @: 5 A B @ > <.
‑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ｫ(> B; 0 = 4 A: 0 O ｻ 8 ｫ B 0; L O = A: 0 O ｻ 8 C 2 5 @ B N @ 0 ｫ$ 8 = 3 0; > 2 0? 5 I 5 @ 0 ｻ 2 K 7 K 2 0 N B 2? 0 < O B 8 8 = B 5 @ 5 A = C N 3 5 > 3 @ 0 D 8 N 8: C; L B C @ C 2 @ >? K. - B 8 A > G 8 = 5 = 8 O 1 K; 8? 5 @ 2 K < 8? @ 8 < 5 @ 0 < 8 A 2 > 5 > 1 @ 0 7 = > 9 = 0 F 8 > = 0; 8 A B 8 G 5 A: > 9 < C 7 K: 8,: > B > @ 0 O, 1 C 4 5 B? @ 5 > 1; 0 4 0 B L 2 > < = > 3 8 E > 1 @ 5 B 0 2 H 8 E = 5 7 0 2 8 A 8 < > A B L A B @ 0 = 0 E: > = B 8 = 5 = B 0.
@ > < 5 B > 3 >, 5 = 4 5; L A > = > B A B 0 8 2 0; < C 7 K: C B 0: 8 E A 2 > 8 E A > 2 @ 5 < 5 = = 8: > 2,: 0: (>? 5 =, 8 A B 8 5 3 > 1; 8 7: 8 9 4 @ C 3 (C < 0 =. 5 = 4 5; L A > = B 0: 6 5? 8 A 0; < = > 3 > < C 7 K: 8 4; O? L 5 A,? > 4 = 8 < 0 O 2 B > @ > A B 5? 5 = = > 5 4 >; C @ > 2 = O A C I 5 A B 2 5 = = > 3 >.!; 5 4 C O? @ 8 < 5 @ C 0 E 0 8 5 = 4 5; O, > = A > G 8 = O;
$ ! ,! ‑
> @ 0 B > @ 8 8 = 0 1 8 1; 5 9 A: 8 5 A N 6 5 B K. 3 > ｫ; 8 O ｻ 8 ｫ! 2 O B > 9 0 2 5; ｻ 2 K 7 2 0; 8 B 0: > 9 2 > A B > @ 3, > A > 1 5 = = > 2 = 3; 8 8, G B >? > G B 8 < > < 5 = B 0; L = > 2 > 7 = 8:; 8 4 5 A O B: 8 > @ 0 B > @ 8 0; L = K E > 1 I 5 A B 2 8 < 5 A B = K 5 > 1 I 8 = K A >? 5 @ = 8 G 0; 8 2? > G B 8 @ 5; 8 3 8 > 7 = > < @ 0 A? 5 2 0 = 8 8 5 3 > < C 7 K: 8. ‑ @ 0 B > @ 8 O XIX 2., 2 K @ > A H 0 O 2: > = 5 G = > < 8 B > 3 5 8 7? @ > 8 7 2 5 4 5 = 8 9 5 = 4 5; L A > = 0, 0 E 0 8 5 = 4 5; O, 3 > A? > 4 A B 2 > 2 0; 0 2 < C 7 K: 0; L = > < B 2 > @ G 5 A B 2 5 M? > E 8: > @ >; 5 2 K 8: B > @ 8 8.
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
Дата добавления: 2015-08-29; просмотров: 30 | Нарушение авторских прав
| <== предыдущая лекция | | | следующая лекция ==> |