8. Your reading is indistinct! Your reading is monotonous! You read [e] with mistakes. You mispronounce this sound. You read carelessly.
Your reading is very poor (good, expressive).
Pete reads fluently.*
That is the result of his good practising!
9. Let's read in turn!
Read as far as the bottom of the page and then stop. Lena, read to the end of the paragraph, please. Now you go on reading from where she left off / where she stopped.
We shall read sentence by sentence.
You read next, George! It's your turn now.
Continue, Mike!
Go on with reading, Nick!
Go on reading until I tell you stop!
10. Are you through with reading? Have you finished reading?
11. Can't you find the place? * Have you lost the place? You've got the wrong page.* It's the next one. Turn over.
Look at the bottom of page 12!
Look at the top of page 121
This sentence is right in the middle of the page.
Read from this place on!
You skipped a sentence (but: left out a letter, article, etc.).
12. You skipped over the line! *
13. Why don't you follow what he reads?
Look in your class-mate's book / neighbour's book. Children, follow his reading and take / write down the mistakes.*
14. Let's read the next paragraph!
Let's turn to page 8 and go on with the reading of the text!
Start reading, Mary, and stop when you get to the end of the paragraph! Begin a new paragraph!
15. At first I'll read slowly!
Now I am going to read a bit faster.
16. We shall work with closed books! *
Now raise / put your hand up if you can retell. Give the title to the paragraph!
17. This story is easy reading.*
This text reads easily (with difficulty).*
18. Why is your book in such a disorderly state? Paste in the pages that have fallen out! *
It must have become a habit with you!
Don't cover your book with drawings.
Why do you write the translation in the book?
Put a paper cover on your book!
19. We shall not begin a new lesson until the last one has been carefully learned.
20. Where did we get to last time / lesson? We left off / stop at page 88.
Look through the text! *
Read from the beginning!
Read down to the fourth sentence!
Read to yourself up to the seventh sentence!
We shall read the next passage of the text!
The passage ends with the words...
21. Look at the end of the page!
We'll read the third line from the bottom! Now we'll read nearly in the middle!
Now two lines above! Now two lines belowl
22. Turn to the next page!, Turn a page back!
Put your bookmark / placemark on page 40.* Read at the back of the page!
23. All of you look into the book! We'll read the text in chorus! Now read to yourself!
You left out the title / heading! *
24. Read the text from the beginning to the end. Try to understand the main idea of the text! Underline this place!
Divide the text into passages according to the contents.
Think of the heading / title to each passage! Make / work out a plan to the passage / text. Retell the contents of the text on the plan!
25. Find adjectives describing people (animals, objects). Find examples illustrating the use of new words.
To my sentences in Ukrainian find the equivalents in the text.
Find the sentences illustrating the main idea of the passage.
Find answers to my questions! Find sentences having unfamiliar words. Find sentences with the verbs in Present Continuous! Find sentences describing the countryside. Find sentences giving answers to before-(after-) questions!
Find verbs describing actions of people (animals)! Find words used in sports!
WORK WITH PICTURE
1. Please hang up the picture!
Hang the picture on the blackboard!
Hang it on the nail!
Be careful not to drop it!
2. What's the title of the picture? What is this picture called?
3. Take the pointer! Point to people (objects) and name them!
Point to people (animals) and name their actions.
4. What is there in the foreground (in the middle, in the background, on the left side, on the right side) of the picture?
Name all the things in the picture!
5. Describe the colour of objects / things!
Describe the size of objects (big, small; long, short; high, low; wide, narrow, etc.).
Describe the shape of objects (round, square; straight, curved, etc.).
Describe the distance (far, far from, a long way from; near, not far, not far from, etc.). Describe the number of objects (one, two, three, etc.; many, few; some, any, all).
Describe the place and position of objects (here, there, over there; in front of, behind, at the back of; through; in the corner of; in the middle of, etc.). Describe the time and weather (part of the day, month, season of the year; hot, warm; cold, cool, etc.). Describe the condition of objects (new, old; young, old; full, empty; dark, light; heavy, light; hard, soft; still, moving; straight, bent; sharp, blunt, etc.).
6. Do you see any living beings in the picture? Describe their actions!
Name the actions in the picture! Speak for a character in the picture! *
7. Look at the picture and ask as many questions as you can!
Describe the picture with the help of the following questions!
8. Make / work out a plan to the picture! Write a composition on / about this picture.
You may imagine something. / You may use your imagination.
9. Express your attitude to / towards the contents of the picture!
Pupil on duty, take down the picture! Please take the picture to the teachers' room.
WORK WITH RECORD-PLAYER, TAPE-RECORDER, FILM PROJECTOR
1. We shall work with a record-player / tape-recorder / film projector.
Get the machine / appliance ready for reproduction / tape-recording / film-showing! *
2. Plug in the machine, please! * Switch on the machine! *
Be sure the light is on! * Ready! Start your machine! * Stop your machine! Switch off, please!
3. Put on your phones / headphones / earphones! * Take off your headphones!
Hang up your earphones!
4. Get the record-player / electric reproducer ready for reproduction!
Put the record on the turn-table! * Play the record! Turn over the record!
Take the record off and put on another one! Change the needle, please! Put on an ordinary record! * Put on a long playing record! *
5. Get the tape-recorder ready for recording! Put on the tape-spool / the tape-reel! *
Put the tape into the slot! / Insert the tape! *
Make it revolve several times with your hand! * / Wind up a few turns by hand.
Switch your machine on reproduction / tape-recording!
Push the switch towards you! * Push the switch to the right (left)! Play the tape! * Push the play button.*
6. The sound fades away! * It is hissing! *
The tuning is bad. Do you hear the clicks? *
There are distortions (of the sound).*
Tune up the machine! *
Adjust the volume! *
Adjust the sound control! *
Adjust the magic eye! *
Turn it up louder / tone up! *
Turn it down / tone down! *
Now the sound is without distortions.*
The sound is clear.
I'm sorry you've the wrong tape!
7. Please change the spool! Rewind the tape! * Stop the tape-recorder! Play back the tape!
Let's listen to that passage / play it once again.
Let's play the whole tape again!
Take off the spool / the reel!
Put on a free tape!
Here is the banana plug! *
8. I'll record your reading on the tape. Come up to the mike / microphone! Switch the machine on for recording!
Push the record button and read the text on the tape!
Push the stop button!
Switch the machine on for "reproduction".
Push the rewind button! *
Now, play the recording!
Listen to the recording. Check your pronunciation. Erase the recording! * Stop the tape-recorder!
Shut off / turn off / switch off the tape-recorder.
9. The driving mechanism is out of order.* The tape slipped.*
The safety fuse is at fault.*
It has burnt out.
Please change the fuse!
The tape is broken! *
Here is some glue.*
Please re-join / glue the tape.*
Glue both ends 10 mm one over another.*
10. We shall listen to the tape-recording on pronunciation.
You'll hear a native speaker.*
Look into your books and read aloud (to yourself, after the speaker).
There is a text on this tape.
Each sentence is followed by a pause.*
Your task is to follow the recording and repeat each sentence in chorus during the pause.
11. Now, let's see a sound (silent) film.
Your task is to understand the contents of the film and retell it later on!
Hang up the screen!
Put in the film! *
Darken the room!
Switch off the light!
Project the picture on the screen!
Adjust the sharpness of the picture! *
Show the film!
The end!
Switch on the light! Switch off the projector!
MISCELLANEOUS
SOME DO'S AND DON'TS
1. Don't stand in my way!* Get / move out of my way!
2. Don't touch-her! Leave her alone! *
3. No helping / whispering!
Don't tell him / her the answers. Don't talk at the lesson!
4. Don't turn around!
Keep still in the classroom!
Don't hurry! / Don't be in a hurry! / Take your time! *
5. Don't be nervous.
Don't guess! Try to understand what I say.
6. Sit up straight. Don't lean on the table.* Sit up / sit erect when you write.
7. When the teacher speaks to you, or when you speak 'to the teacher stand up!
When you stand up, don't make a noise with your desk!
8. Speak distinctly! Don't mumble! * Don't speak too loudly! Don't shout! Stop shouting!
Don't speak at / during (in) the lesson unless you are asked by the teacher.
If you know the answer, don't call out, raise your hand.
When you have finished writing, raise your hand.
9. Don't disturb your neighbour / class-mate / desk-partner!
Don't look over your neighbour's / class-mate's shoulder.
Don't crib from your neighbour / class-mate.
10. Leave the classroom during the break. I Don't push other people. Don't shove.
11. Take care of your books. Books are our best friends. Don't spoil books!
Don't turn down the corners of pages.*
12. Get up as soon as the alarm-clock goes off.
Do your morning exercises. Have a cold rub-down or a shower.*
13. Make your bed in the morning.
14. Don't eat standing. Sit down to dinner.
15. Don't forget to wipe your shoes (boots) on the mat and stamp the snow off your boots. Keep your shoes clean.
16. Polish your shoes every day.
ENCOURAGING AND PUNISHING A PUPIL
1. Don't be nervous!
Calm yourself. / Be calm! * Think carefully before answering.
2. It's high time you learned the rule, Pete!
Now, Pete, you are not trying as hard as you ought to.
There is no difficulty about it. Now, just think a little. Use your brains, Pete! *
3. That is right. That's all right! That's quite correct!
Very well done!
You are well prepared to-day.
4. Good for you! *
You are a fine girl (boy)!
It's much better than before!
Does anybody help you with your homework?
This is welcome news.*
I am glad to hear it.
5. You have a good head on your shoulders.
It's a good thing you know your lesson well.*
I'm pleased with your progress in English.
If you work hard at your English you will be (become) a good pupil very soon.
6. I make a remark to you.*
This is not so simple as it sounds.*
You must work hard to make up lost time.*
It's never too late to mend.*
Don't lose patience and get down to work.
The first thing you must do is to prepare for the next lesson.
You must find / have time to do all your tasks.
You are very absent-minded at lessons.
There are many gaps in your knowledge of English.
7. If you want to find out something, you just ask your teacher.
Do come and I'll help you after school hours. I'll spare neither time nor efforts to help you.
8. You have no patience with your words.*
It's shameful to fall back in the face of difficulties. Keep that in mind, please.*
9. Shame on you!
It's a shame to lag behind! Have you no shame? You must be ashamed of yourself! I am ashamed of you! 10. How slow you are! * Don't be shy!
Try and answer in English! Speak calmly and without hurry!
CONDUCT
1. I can't understand what's wrong with you.* You are very noisy.
Make less noise! / Don't make so much noise! Why do you laugh? What makes you laugh? What are you laughing at? That's no laughing matter.* Be quiet (for) a while. What is all this noise about?
2. Now, Mary, you stop turning around, will you? Stop talking and turning around!
Are you done with your talking, Rose?
That's too much! *
Didn't you hear what I said?
3. You are very insubordinate / disobedient. You are present and absent at will.
You are always the last to come and the first to go. I have no patience with you.*
4. Don't waste time over useless things. Keep your hands still, Mike!
It's a nasty / bad habit by the way.
5. If you keep bothering, Jane, I'll have to ask you to leave the room.
I don't like your behaviour!
6. Don't nudge your desk-mate / neighbour! * You mustn't do such things!
You've got quite out of hand! * Face front and listen carefully! *
7. Don't interrupt!
Answer when you are asked.
8. You don't sit still a minute. Behave yourself! *
You are behaving like a child! * I am warning you.
You must not forget what I have told you! Try to mend your conduct! You will be punished for misbehaviour. Why didn't you do what I told you to? I'm going to discuss your behaviour with your parents.
9. Don't tell on your class-mates! * I see what you are up to! * Don't you feel yourself guilty? So, you see it's all your fault! There you are! *
How can your conduct be explained?
10. What are you arguing about! Aren't you ashamed of yourself? Why do you always fight / quarrel? Come! Be a good boy!
Make up with her! Be good friends! * You must make an apology to her! * Don't let this happen again! *
11. Don't talk back! * / Don't argue! * When will you stop talking back?
You will get yourself into trouble some day (or other) if you don't mind.
Take care not to do that again!
12. Your mark in conduct is not very good! Your conduct towards your friends is bad! I'll give a good (bad) report on you.* You have been warned! *
Mark my words! *
13. Don't make faces.*
Don't make signs (to her).*
14. You'll be punished for breaking school rules. Why did you upset the lesson? *
Do you want to be expelled from school?
I want to have a little talk with your parents about you.
I'll make you stand in the corner. I'll keep you after school hours! *
15. Remember to take off your caps, boys, when you come in.
You must not walk in school with your cap on! Take it off immediately!
16. Let the girls pass! The girls first! *
You pushed the girl. (You must) apologize for what you have done!
17. Go out, children, you must not come in here. Get off the grass! You must not play there!
18. That's an outdoor game. Stop running about! You mustn't play it in the corridor!
Don't play that game! It is too noisy!
Play some quieter game.
Don't walk on the wrong side of the stairs.
(We) use the right side for going up and down the stairs.*
19. Who has spoiled the desk? Who could that be? Damaging school property is strictly punished.
EXPRESSIONS FOR PHYSICAL EXERCISES
1. Line up!
All of you line up! Take your distance! Left (right) dress! *
Ann, keep in line!
Attention! Stand at attention! *
From left to right count off! *
Count off by twos (by fours!)*
The second numbers, one step backwards, march!
As you were! *
Stand easy! / Stand at ease! *
Left (right, about) turn! *
Forward, march!
Group, halt! *
You march out of step! *
March in step! / Keep in step! *
2. Stand up!
Hands up! Forward! To the sides! Back! Down!
3. Hands up! To the sides! Down!
Clap your hands: one, two, three! Touch your shoulders! Down! Shake hands!
4. We shall finish with walking. In place, march (run)!
To your places!
ARITHMETIC
1. Can you do sums? * Are you good at sums? Let's do some sums?
2. How much is 5 and / plus 3?
5 and / plus 3 are / make 8. How much is 8 from 10? (How much is 10 minus 8?)
8 from 10 is / makes 2. (10 minus 8 is / makes 2.) How much is 8 times 3?
8 times 3 is / are 24. How much is 14 (divided) by 2?
14 (divided) by 2 is / gives 7.
3. Add (together) 10 and 7!
If we add 10 and 7 we get 17. Take / subtract 12 from 19!
12 from 19 is 7. Multiply 15 by 3!
15 multiplied by 3 is 45.
Divide 49 by 7!
49 divided by 7 is 7.
4. Count from 1 to 7!
How many desks are there in the classroom?
Take two of them away and tell me how many are left.
Did you get that sum right?
5. Who is the best to prove theorems in your class? * Can you do equations? *
Let's solve problems in mathematics, physics, etc.! * MEMORY
1. She has a good sight memory.
She has a poor / short / bad memory.
You must write memory diotations.*
Can you write it from memory?
She has a good memory for names.
It has completely slipped / gone out of my memory / head.
APTITUDE
1. He is a well-read boy.* He is at the top of the class. Nobody can catch him in English.* He has no equal.* He'll go a long way.* She'll make good.* She is a girl of great promise.* English doesn't trouble her at all. She works hard at her English. She has a fine knowledge of English. Mary is very good at writing dictations. He is very industrious! * He is interested in English. She has a good head for English. He learns with ease. She is very gifted.* He is popular with his schoolmates. He likes exact sciences (the humanities). She is quick (to understand). Her success in her studies is wonderful.
2. She is very slow to learn.
She is not good / poor at English.
She is a very backward pupil.
He is lagging behind in translating.
You may take the horse to the water but you can't make him drink (proverb).*
SUPPLEMENT
TEACHING PROCESS
абзац paragraph
атестат зрілості Secondary Schood-leavingcertificate
базікати chatter / talk nonsense
базіка chatter-box
барабанити drum / beat the drum
білет екзаменаційний examination card
братися за роботу get down / set to work
буква letter
велика ~ capital letter
мала ~ small letter
вести класний жур- keep a class register
нал
~ облік відвіду- keep an attendance register вання
~ облік успіш- keep a record of the pupils' ності progress
визнати свою помил- confess one's mistake ку
виключити з школи expel from school
~ з гуртка expel from the club
виконувати суспіль- do socially useful work но корисну роботу
викреслювати cross out
виняток до правила exception to a rule
виправляти помилки correct mistakes
~ почерк change one's handwriting for
the better / improve one's handwriting
~ недоліки remedy the shortcomings in
one's work
~ поведінку improve one's behaviour
~ двійку remove an unsatisfactory mark
~ зошити correct exercise-books / copybooks / notebooks
виправлятись у на- improve in one's studies вчанні
випускник,-ця school leaver
висловлювати подя- express thanks to somebody be-
ку на лінійці fore a line up
~ подяку в наказі to be mentioned with gratitude
officially / to be in the official gratitude list,
виступати на шкіль- perform (sing, play) at a school
ному вечорі social
витягти екзамена- draw the examination card
ційний білет
виховання education / upbringing
вихованість breeding / good breeding
відвідувати додатко- come to classes for lagging pu-
ві заняття pils
відкреслювати поля draw / rule margins
вікторина літератур- literary quiz / contest / litera-
на ry guessing game
відгадати вікторину solve a quiz / guess a quiz
відповідати урок say one's lesson
~ на запитання до answer questions on the text
тексту від першої особи in the first person
відсуватися move aside (from)
внески членські membership dues
акуратно сплачувати членські внески pay dues regularly
вносити піонерський прапор carry in the Young Pioneer banner
встигати добре з чогось make good progress in something
готовий до чогось ready for something
«Будь готовий!» "Be Ready!"
«Завжди Гото вий!» "Ever Ready!"
готуватися до уроку prepare for the lesson / do one's homework
громадське життя public life
громадська діяль- public life / public activities ність
добре знати щось be good at
додаткові заняття classes for lagging pupils
І домашнє завдання homework
виконувати ~ do homework
задавати ~ set homework
письмове ~ written homework
усне ~ oral homework
домашнє читання home reading
доповнювати відпо- add to the answer
дослухати до кінця listen to the end
другорічник repeater / pupil remaining for
the second year in the same class / second year lagger pupil / repeating pupil
І дружина піонерська Young Pioneer Unit / group
заводій (забіяка) в cock of the school школі
заважати комусь hinder somebody in something
загадка riddle
загадати загадку ask a riddle
відгадати загадку guess a riddle
загін team / detachment
піонерський загін Young Pioneer team
вожатий загону Young Pioneer team leader
рада загону pioneer team council
голова ради загону pioneer team council chairman / president
проводити засідання ради загону hold a team council
вести засідання ради загону conduct the team council
вишикувати за завдання line up the team task
індивідуальне ~ individual task
самостійне ~ independent study task
зайнятий чимсь set busy at something
залишити на другий рік keep in the same class to repeat the year
залишити після ypoків keep after school / lessons
залишитися на другий рік be left to repeat the year / fail to get one's remove
замінити слово replace the word by another
запам'ятовувати написання слів memorize the spelling of words
заперечувати щось object to something
запрошення invitation card
застосовувати правило apply a rule
застругати олівець sharpen / point the pencil
збір meeting/ assembly
~ дружини Pioneer Unit meeting / assembly;
~ загону meeting of a young pioneer
team
проводити ~ hold a pioneer unit (a team)
дружини (загону) meeting
вести ~ дружи- conduct a pioneer unit meet-
ни ing
збори meeting
урочисті ~ ceremonial meeting
загальні шкіль- ні ~ general school meeting
комсомольські ~ komsomol meeting
скликати ~ call a meeting
відкрити ~ open a meeting
закрити ~ close / break up a meeting
проводити ~ hold a meeting
вести ~ conduct a meeting / preside
at / over a meeting
присутність на attendance at the meeting зборах
здавати рапорт report
здавати роботу (зошит) hand in the work (exercise-book)
зліт піонерський pioneer rally
знати напам'ять know / have something by heart
зубрилка crammer / book-worm
зубрити урок cram a lesson
клеїти glue (up) / glue together
коментувати щось comment on something
комсомолець, -ка a Komsomol (member)
комсомольська op- Komsomol organization ганізація
первинна ~ primary komsomol organization
комсорг komsomol organizer
обирати комсорга elect a komsomol organizer/ elect a komsomol secretary
комсомольський комітет komsomol committee
шкільний ~ school komsomol committee
класний ~ class komsomol committee
критично відноситись до чогось be critical of something
ланка піонерська pioneer unit
ланковий unit leader
навчати поводитись teach somebody good manners у товаристві
нав'язувати щось ко- force something on somebody мусь
називати слова пo буквах spell
намочити ганчірку. wet the duster
написати нерозбірливо write illegibly
написаний чиїмсь written in somebody else s
почерком handwriting
не знати чогось be poor at
оголошувати announce to somebody
освіта education
початкова ~ primary / elementary education
середня ~ secondary education
вища ~ higher education
професійна ~ vocational education
Палац піонерів Young Pioneer Palace
перевірка школи inspection of school
перейти до наступного класу to be promoted to the next class / to be admitted to the
next class
перерва break
мала (велика) ~ short (long) break
пересідати change one's seat / place
підказувати help / whisper
підозрювати когось у чомусь suspect somebody of something
підписувати щоденник sign the pupil's diary / daybook; sign one's name in a
diary
підписати табель sign a report card
успішності піонер pioneer
вступати у пioнери join the pioneer organization
приймати до піонерів admit into the pioneer organization
прийом у піонери admition to the pioneer organization
піонерська організація Young Pioneer organization
піонерські атрибути attributes of Young Pioneers
піонерський, -a, -e pioneer
~ барабан pioneer drum
~ горн pioneer bugle
~ галстук pioneer scarf / tie
~ девіз pioneer motto
~ прапор pioneer banner
~ значок pioneer badge
~ рапорт pioneer report (on something)
~ салют pioneer salute
~ лінійка Young Pioneer parade / pioneer line up ~ зліт Young Pioneer rally
~ вогнище pioneer camp-fire
повідомлення коротке short talk / short report / lightning report
~зробити give a short talk on / make
повідомлення a short report on
позакласна робота out-of-class work / out-of-class
activities; extra/non class work
порозумітися з класом (учнем) come to an understanding with class (pupil)
в порядку in order
не в порядку out of order
І поставити запитання put a question to somebody кому-небудь
І поставити запитання ask a question on something до чогось
поставити запитання кому-небудь (про що-небудь)ask somebody a question (about something)
поставити запитання ask a question on / about a
до тексту text
похід hike
виробляти марш- work out a rout of a pioneer
рут походу hike / trip
пояснювати комусь explain to somebody
працювати над work at/on something
чимсь
~ над помилка- work on mistakes
ми
працювати за суміс- work part time ництвом
і претендувати на have a claim on something щось
призначати на робо ту вчителем appoint a teacher
~ вчителя в школу appoint a teacher to a school
~ класним керівником appoint a form-master /form-mistress ~ на чергування appoint to duty
~ черговим по класу appoint somebody to classroom duty
призначити час fix the time / hour for something
прикріплювати кнопкою pin up with tack
проводити позакласну роботу conduct out-of-class work / activities
~ семінар conduct a seminar
заступник директоpa по навчальній роботі head of the curriculum / second
master (mistress) / head of the teaching department/the
department of studies
заступник директоpa по виховній роботі head of the extra-curricula aсtivities
завідуючий господарством школи caretaker / school custodian
інспектор шкіл school inspector
класний керівник form-master / form-mistress
колектив педагогічний school / teaching staff
колектив учнів pupil body / collective
комітет батьківський parents' committee
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