Kazakh Khanate in the 17th century

Kazakh Khanate at Yesim Khan. Achievements: A peace treaty with Bukhara. (Vnutrepoliticheskaya??) power not stable. Kazakh Khanate was divided into more parts, reinforced by feudal strife. The Kazakh people was divided into three tribal associations - zhuzy. Gradually each of the 3 zhuzes appeared independent khans. Complicated by the external situation.

Territorial changes: Syrdarya and Tashkent city were assigned to the Kazakh Khanate. The composition of the Kazakh Khanate became Turkestan with its cities. Reform of the XVII century. Tauekel`s successor - Yesim had to endure even more severe political struggle, the outcome of which was a radical reform of the political system of the Kazakh state. Its essence was that the primacy of private elite - the torus(tore) replaced by the rule of the elite open - biy and elders. There was a kind of revolution biyskaya, restrict the political rights of chenghisides estate and established broad rights for communities and their leaders.

In the XVII century. has been defined and constant capital of the Kazakh Khanate - Turkestan, where Khan was in the winter. The struggle of Kazakhs from Dzhungarian invasion. After the death of Yesim khan Kazakh khanate began feuds that lasted several years. In the end Khan's son was proclaimed Yessim Zhangir Khan (1628-1652). The whole history of his reign is connected with the fight against Junggar aggression.

Jeti zhargy

Jeti Zhargy - this body of law of the Kazakh Khanate under Khan Tauke. Changes in political structure called the urgent need for treatment and legal basis for the organization of Kazakh society. This work was done all the XVII century and Khan Tauke has been translated into the code of laws "Zhety Zhargy" (Seven set). Developed was this set with the participation of famous biy Tole (Senior Horde) Kazybek Bi (average Horde) and Aiteke (Junior Horde) in the early XVII century

Jeti Zhargy included the following major sections:

* The Land Law (Jer dauy), which negotiated the settlement of disputes about pastures and watering points.

* Family-marriage law, which establishes the order of marriage and divorce, the rights and obligations of spouses, the property rights of family members.

* Military Law, which regulates the administration of military service, the formation of divisions and election officers.

* The position of the trial, negotiated order of the trial.

* Criminal Law, which establishes penalties for various types of crimes except murder.

* Law of Cune(куне), establishes penalties for murder and grievous bodily harm.

* Law of widows (Zhesir dauy), which regulates property and personal rights of widows and orphans, as well as commitment to the community and his family of the deceased.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14