Sensitivity

If the assignment has been accepted, the interpreter will also be required to demonstrate sensitivity and understanding in coping with tense and stressful situations, such as racial abuse, child abuse, domestic violence or the trauma of asylum seekers. Similarly, consideration should be given to the sensitivities of the interpreter and his/her vicarious exposure to such situations

Interpreter: Entry requirements

In high school, students can prepare for this career by taking a broad range of courses that include foreign languages’ writing and comprehension, and basic computer proficiency. Other helpful pursuits include spending time abroad, engaging in direct contact with foreign cultures, and reading extensively on a variety of subjects in English or other foreign languages.

Beyond high school, there are many educational options. Although a bachelor’s degree is often required, interpreters note that it is acceptable to major in something other than a language. An educational background in a particular field of study provides a natural area of subject matter expertise. However, specialized training in how to do the work is generally required. Formal programs in interpreting are available at colleges nationwide and through non-university training programs, conferences, and courses. Many people who work as conference interpreters or in more technical areas such as localization, engineering, or finance have master’s degrees, while those who working in the community as court or medical interpreters are more likely to complete job-specific training programs.

This area of work is open to all graduates with a high level of language knowledge. For most, this will mean an undergraduate degree in one of the following subjects:

· modern languages;

· deaf studies;

· translation and interpreting;

· modern languages or British Sign Language (BSL) and interpreting.

Entry is also possible, however, for graduates who have an unrelated degree but possess the required language skills. Specialist knowledge in science, engineering, the environment, business, economics, law or politics can be helpful, as interpreters work for a wide range of clients and understanding specialist vocabulary and concepts to a high level is essential.

This area of work is open to those with an HND/foundation degree in one of the above subjects, although you will need to progress to degree-level study and/or a diploma in interpreting in order to enter the profession. Entry without a degree or HND/foundation degree is unlikely except where practitioners have come to interpreting through life experience, for example, a bilingual upbringing, residence abroad or regular work with speakers of a second language. BSL interpreters may develop their language proficiency through vocational qualifications such as NVQs.

A postgraduate diploma or Masters in interpreting techniques is usually expected. Some courses focus on particular aspects of interpreting, but there are options which also develop complementary skills, such as translation. Several institutions run both part and

full-time courses.

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Pre-entry experience is not essential but, if you want to work as a professional interpreter, you will need to show evidence of the following:

Ø an excellent command of English and the other language(s) into which you may interpret;

Ø fluency in at least one additional language for freelance interpreting and two or ideally more for a staff position in conference interpreting;

Ø a good memory and the ability to learn fast;

Ø the skills to interact well with people and work as part of a team;

Ø the ability to use discretion and maintain confidentiality;

Ø flexibility to deal calmly with the unexpected and difficult situations;

Ø reliability, dedication and commitment;

Ø Knowledge of current affairs, politics and different cultures and customs.

In addition, conference and court interpreters must be confident about speaking in public and have a clear and pleasant speaking voice.

While building a network of contacts and developing experience, some interpreters offer their services voluntarily. They may also do this in the later stages of their career, if it is financially viable to do so. Interpreters will often use speculative applications in order to approach agencies when seeking work. Many professional interpreting associations offer membership at a reduced cost to students, which can assist you in developing contacts and knowledge of the industry.

Competition is fierce, particularly amongst the major European languages. If you do not have professional interpreting qualifications, you may still find informal work as an interpreter if you are fluent, or almost fluent, in more than one language, but rates of pay will be lower than those for professionally qualified interpreters. Some local authorities, colleges and universities offer short courses in community interpreting for those without such qualifications.

Experience is an essential part of a successful career in interpreting. In fact, many agencies or companies use only the services of people who have worked for 3 to 5 years or who have a degree.

Paid or unpaid internships and apprenticeships are other ways for interpreters to get started. Escort interpreting may offer an opportunity for inexperienced candidates to work alongside a more seasoned interpreter. Interpreters might also find it easier to break into areas with particularly high demand for language services, such as court or medical interpretation.

New interpreters should establish mentoring relationships to build their skills, confidence, and a professional network. Mentoring may be formal, such as through a professional association, or informal with a coworker or an acquaintance who has experience as an interpreter.

Interpreters convert one spoken language into another or in the case of sign-language interpreters, between spoken communication and sign language. This requires interpreters to pay attention carefully, understand what is communicated in both languages, and express thoughts and ideas clearly. Strong research and analytical skills, mental dexterity, and an exceptional memory are also important.

Much of the interpreting performed at conferences is simultaneous; however, at some meetings with a small number of attendees, consecutive interpreting also may be used.

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Usually, interpreters sit in soundproof booths, listening to the speakers through headphones and interpreting into a microphone what is said. The interpreted speech is then relayed to the listener through headsets. When interpreting is needed for only one or two people, the interpreter generally sits behind or next to the attendee and whispers a translation of the proceedings.

Judiciary interpreters help people appearing in court who are unable or unwilling to communicate in foreign language. These workers must remain detached from the content of their work and not alter or modify the meaning or tone of what is said. Legal interpreters must be thoroughly familiar with the language and functions of judicial system in other countries. Court interpreters work in a variety of legal settings, such as attorney-client meetings, preliminary hearings, depositions, trials, and arraignments. In addition to interpreting what is said, court interpreters also may be required to translate written documents and read them aloud.

Medical interpreters provide language services to health care patients with limited foreign language proficiency. Medical interpreters help patients to communicate with doctors, nurses, and other medical staff. Medical interpreters need a strong grasp of medical and colloquial terminology in both languages, along with cultural sensitivity regarding how the patient receives the information. They must remain detached but aware of the patient’s feelings and pain.

Interpreters are employed in a variety of industries, reflecting the diversity of employment options in the field. About 33 percent work in public and private educational institutions, such as schools, colleges, and universities. About 12 percent work in health care and social assistance, many of whom worked for hospitals. Another 10 percent work in other areas of government, such as Federal, State and local courts. Other employers of interpreters include publishing companies, telephone companies, airlines, etc. About 22 percent of interpreters are self-employed. Many of them are freelance in the occupation work only part time, relying on other sources of income to supplement earnings from interpreting.

Interpreters work in a variety of settings, such as hospitals, courtrooms, and conference centers. They are required to travel to different places. And don’t matter if it is in a neighboring town or on the other side of the world. Interpreters who work over the telephone generally work in call centers in urban areas.

The work can be stressful and exhausting. However, interpreters may use their irregular schedules to pursue other interests, such as traveling, dabbling in a hobby, or working a second job. Many interpreters enjoy what they do and value the ability to control their schedules and workloads.

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Conclusion

In a nutshell: the interpreter’s role, conduct and markets, and the image they have in the outside world. All professional interpreters provide verbal communication between cultures and languages which they know very well, and between many speakers and many client groups. Thus, they all do the same thing.

Professional interpreters are other people’s mouthpiece and keep their own opinions, if they have any, to themselves. Since most meetings are private, what goes on in them is private too. Everyone must be able to trust the interpreter. Interpreters therefore observe a code of confidentiality. There are ethical rules of conduct to make sure that the interpreter provides a high-quality service in an atmosphere of mutual trust:

Interpreters must be effective in getting the message across, have proven language skills, be personally suited to verbal communication, respect speakers and listeners, be discreet and restrained, and observe confidentiality and the terms and conditions of work.

Professional interpreters work full time. This does not mean to say that they interpret every day, but that interpreting is their main work activity. They keep their skills polished and invest in lifelong learning. In itself globalization is nothing new to the world of interpreters: people have been moving around for centuries. They set up home all around the world, where they negotiate, get ill, fight, etc. Interpreters are in increasing demand, and more and more languages are needed. This applies to all types of interpreter.

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Notes

1. www.Wikipedia.com

2. www.google.kz

3. www.yandex.kz

4. Chernov G.V. Fundamentals of simultaneous Interpretation

5. Roy, C. (1989). A Sociolinguistic Analysis of the Interpreter's Role in the Turn Exchanges of an Interpreted Event. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. (University Microfilms, Inc. DA064793).

6. Seleskovitch, D. (1978a). Interpreting for International Conferences. Washington, DC: Pen & Booth.

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