Contrastive Grammar of English and Ukrainian

Contrastive Grammar of English and Ukrainian

Theoretical Issues:

1. The subject of contrastive typology and its theoretical and practical aims.

2. Branches of contrastive typological investigation.

3. The principle terms and notions of contrastive typology.

4. The principle methods of investigation.

5. Give a short prehistory of European contrastive typology of the 17^th -18^th centuries. The Ukrainian lexemes in Sanskrit.

6. The contribution to contrastive typological investigations of the brother F. and A. Schlegel and of W. Humboldt, H. Steinthal and others in the 19^th century linguists.

7. Prague school linguists (V. Mathesius, N. Trubetskoy, R. Jakobson and others) and their contribution to typological investigation.

8. The 20^th century linguists (E. Sapir, J. Greenberg, O. Isachenko, M. Kalynovych, Y. Zhluktenko) and their contribution to typological and contrastive linguists.

9. Typological constants of contrasting at the phonetic/ phonological levels.

10. Isomorphic and allomorphic structural types of syllable in English and Ukrainian.

11. Word-stress and its functions in English and Ukrainian.

12. Common and divergent intonation patterns in English vs. Ukrainian.

13. Isomorphisms and allomorphisms in the system of English and Ukrainian terminal tones.

14. Parts of speech classification in English and Ukrainian.

15. State the difference between “notional” and “functional” parts of speech.

16. Noun as a part of speech: general characteristics.

17. Noun. The category of number.

18. What group of nouns are included by “singular tantum” nouns in English and Ukrainian?

19. Give the general characteristic of the category of case in two languages under study.

20. Describe the meanings expressed by the Ukrainian 7 cases. Provide examples.

21. How is the category of gender expressed in English and Ukrainian?

22. Provide the main similar and different characteristics of the English noun vs. the Ukrainian noun.

23. Adjective as a part of speech: general characteristics.

24. Describe the grammatical categories of adjective as a part of speech.

25. Define the category of the degrees of comparison as a grammatical phenomenon in both languages.

26. Numeral as a part of speech: general characteristics.

27. Describe the grammatical categories of numeral as a part of speech in both languages.

28. Pronoun as a part of speech in English and the Ukrainian languages.

29. Describe the grammatical categories of pronoun as a part of speech in the contrasted languages.

30. Verb as a part of speech: general characteristics.

31. Describe the grammatical categories of the verb (the category of person, number, gender).

32. Dwell upon the allomorphic and isomorphic features of the category of tense and the category of voice and the category of mood in English and the Ukrainian languages.

33. Show the difference in the systems of Ukrainian and English non-finite forms of the verb or verbals.

34. Adverb as a part of speech: general characteristics.

35. Describe the grammatical categories of adverb as a part of speech. Does their number differ in the contrasted languages?

36. Characterize prepositions as a part of speech in English and the Ukrainian languages. What type of relations do they express?

37. Characterize conjunctions as a part of speech in both languages. What type of relations do they express?

38. Describe particles as a part of speech in English and the Ukrainian languages.

39. Characterize “modal words” as a part of speech. What type of modality do they express?

40. Characterize interjections as a part of speech in the contrasted languages.

41. Characterize the English article as a part of speech. What are the means of rendering the English article into the Ukrainian language?

42. Define the sentence as a basic sentence unit.

43. What is the relation between such notions as “predicativity” and “predication”?

44. Dwell upon the expression of syntactic relations in both languages.

45. How are sentences classified as to their structure?

46. What is meant by “clause”? What is the difference between syndetically and asyndetically connected clauses?

47. Describe the difference of “one-member” and “two-member” sentences in both languages.

48. Describe the notions of a simple sentence. What parts of the sentence are usually enough to make a simple sentence?

49. What are complex parts of the sentence? Describe their types and constituent parts.

50. Define the composite sentence and its subtypes.

51. Dwell upon the compound sentence with conjunctions in English and Ukrainian; state the main similarities and differences.

52. Describe the copulative compound sentence in both contrasted languages.

53. Dwell upon the disjunctive compound sentences in English and Ukrainian.

54. Describe the adversative compound sentence in English and Ukrainian.

55. Speak about the peculiarities of compound sentences with asyndetically joined clauses in English and Ukrainian.

56. Dwell upon the nature of complex sentences in English and Ukrainian.

57. Describe the subject subordinate clause in both contrasted languages.

58. Describe the predicative subordinate clauses in English and Ukrainian.

59. Is there any difference between English and Ukrainian descriptive attributive clauses?

60. Describe the peculiarities of adverbial clauses in both contrasted languages.

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