"'You, said Pablo to the one who stood nearest him. 'Tell me how it works.
"'Pull the small lever down, the man said in a very dry voice. 'Pull the receiver back and let it snap forward.
"'What is the receiver? asked Pablo, and he looked at the four civiles. 'What is the receiver?
"'The block on top of the action.
"Pablo pulled it back, but it stuck. 'What now? he said. 'It is jammed. You have lied to me.
"'Pull it farther back and let it snap lightly forward, the civil said, and I have never heard such a tone of voice. It was grayer than a morning without sunrise.
"Pablo pulled and let go as the man had told him and the block snapped forward into place and the pistol was cocked with the hammer back. It is an ugly pistol, small in the round handle, large and flat in the barrel, and unwieldy. All this time the civiles had been watching him and they had said nothing.
"'What are you going to do with us? one asked him.
"'Shoot thee, Pablo said.
"'When? the man asked in the same gray voice.
"'Now, said Pablo.
"'Where? asked the man.
"'Here, said Pablo. 'Here. Now. Here and now. Have you anything to say?
" Nada, said the civil. 'Nothing. But it is an ugly thing.
"'And you are an ugly thing, Pablo said. 'You murderer of peasants. You who would shoot your own mother.
"'I have never killed any one, the civil said. 'And do not speak of my mother.
"'Show us how to die. You, who have always done the killing.
"'There is no necessity to insult us, another civil said. 'And we know how to die.
"'Kneel down against the wall with your heads against the wall, Pablo told them. The civiles looked at one another.
"'Kneel, I say, Pablo said. 'Get down and kneel.
"'How does it seem to you, Paco? one civil said to the tallest, who had spoken with Pablo about the pistol. He wore a corporal's stripes on his sleeves and was sweating very much although the early morning was still cool.
"'It is as well to kneel, he answered. 'It is of no importance.
"'It is closer to the earth, the first one who had spoken said, trying to make a joke, but they were all too grave for a joke and no one smiled.
"'Then let us kneel, the first civil said, and the four knelt, looking very awkward with their heads against the wall and their hands by their sides, and Pablo passed behind them and shot each in turn in the back of the head with the pistol, going from one to another and putting the barrel of the pistol against the back of their heads, each man slipping down as he fired. I can hear the pistol still, sharp and yet muffled, and see the barrel jerk and the head of the man drop forward. One held his head still when the pistol touched it. One pushed his head forward and pressed his forehead against the stone. One shivered in his whole body and his head was shaking. Only one put his hands in front of his eyes, and he was the last one, and the four bodies were slumped against the wall when Pablo turned away from them and came toward us with the pistol still in his hand.
"'Hold this for me, Pilar, he said. 'I do not know how to put down the hammer, and he handed me the pistol and stood there looking at the four guards as they lay against the wall of the barracks. All those who were with us stood there too, looking at them, and no one said anything.
"We had won the town and it was still early in the morning and no one had eaten nor had any one drunk coffee and we looked at each other and we were all powdered with dust from the blowing up of the barracks, as powdered as men are at a threshing, and I stood holding the pistol and it was heavy in my hand and I felt weak in the stomach when I looked at the guards dead there against the wall; they all as gray and as dusty as we were, but each one was now moistening with his blood the dry dirt by the wall where they lay. And as we stood there the sun rose over the far hills and shone now on the road where we stood and on the white wall of the barracks and the dust in the air was golden in that first sun and the peasant who was beside me looked at the wall of the barracks and what lay there and then looked at us and then at the sun and said, Vaya, a day that commences.
"'Now let us go and get coffee, I said.
"'Good, Pilar, good, he said. And we went up into the town to the Plaza, and those were the last people who were shot in the village."
"What happened to the others?" Robert Jordan asked. "Were there no other fascists in the village?"
"Que va, were there no other fascists? There were more than twenty. But none was shot."
"What was done?"
"Pablo had them beaten to death with flails and thrown from the top of the cliff into the river."
"All twenty?"
"I will tell you. It is not so simple. And in my life never do I wish to see such a scene as the flailing to death in the plaza on the top of the cliff above the river.
"The town is built on the high bank above the river and there is a square there with a fountain and there are benches and there are big trees that give a shade for the benches. The balconies of the houses look out on the plaza. Six streets enter on the plaza and there is an arcade from the houses that goes around the plaza so that one can walk in the shade of the arcade when the sun is hot. On three sides of the plaza is the arcade and on the fourth side is the walk shaded by the trees beside the edge of the cliff with, far below, the river. It is three hundred feet down to the river.
"Pablo organized it all as he did the attack on the barracks. First he had the entrances to the streets blocked off with carts as though to organize the plaze for a capea. For an amateur bullfight. The fascists were all held in the Ayuntamiento, the city hall, which was the largest building on one side of the plaza. It was there the clock was set in the wall and it was in the buildings under the arcade that the club of the fascists was. And under the arcade on the sidewalk in front of their club was where they had their chairs and tables for their club. It was there, before the movement, that they were accustomed to take the aperitifs. The chairs and the tables were of wicker. It looked like a cafe but was more elegant."
"But was there no fighting to take them?"
"Pablo had them seized in the night before he assaulted the barracks. But he had already surrounded the barracks. They were all seized in their homes at the same hour the attack started. That was intelligent. Pablo is an organizer. Otherwise he would have had people attacking him at his flanks and at his rear while he was assaulting the barracks of the guardia civil.
"Pablo is very intelligent but very brutal. He had this of the village well planned and well ordered. Listen. After the assault was successful, and the last four guards had surrendered, and he had shot them against the wall, and we had drunk coffee at the cafe that always opened earliest in the morning by the corner from which the early bus left, he proceeded to the organization of the plaza. Carts were piled exactly as for a capea except that the side toward the river was not enclosed. That was left open. Then Pablo ordered the priest to confess the fascists and give them the necessary sacraments."
"Where was this done?"
"In the Ayuntamiento, as I said. There was a great crowd outside and while this was going on inside with the priest, there was some levity outside and shouting of obscenities, but most of the people were very serious and respectful. Those who made jokes were those who were already drunk from the celebration of the taking of the barracks and there were useless characters who would have been drunk at any time.
"While the priest was engaged in these duties, Pablo organized those in the plaza into two lines.
"He placed them in two lines as you would place men for a rope pulling contest, or as they stand in a city to watch the ending of a bicycle road race with just room for the cyclists to pass between, or as men stood to allow the passage of a holy image in a procession. Two meters was left between the lines and they extended from the door of the Ayuntamiento clear across the plaza to the edge of the cliff. So that, from the doorway of the Ayuntamiento, looking across the plaza, one coming out would see two solid lines of people waiting.
"They were armed with flails such as are used to beat out the grain and they were a good flail's length apart. All did not have flails, as enough flails could not be obtained. But most had flails obtained from the store of Don Guillermo Martin, who was a fascist and sold all sorts of agricultural implements. And those who did not have flails had heavy herdsman's clubs, or ox-goads, and some had wooden pitchforks; those with wooden tines that are used to fork the chaff and straw into the air after the flailing. Some had sickles and reaping hooks but these Pablo placed at the far end where the lines reached the edge of the cliff.
"These lines were quiet and it was a clear day, as today is clear, and there were clouds high in the sky, as there are now, and the plaza was not yet dusty for there had been a heavy dew in the night, and the trees cast a shade over the men in the lines and you could hear the water running from the brass pipe in the mouth of the lion and falling into the bowl of the fountain where the women bring the water jars to fill them.
"Only near the Ayuntamiento, where the priest was complying with his duties with the fascists, was there any ribaldry, and that came from those worthless ones who, as I said, were already drunk and were crowded around the windows shouting obscenities and jokes in bad taste in through the iron bars of the windows. Most of' the men in the lines were waiting quietly and I heard one say to another, 'Will there be women?
"And another said, 'I hope to Christ, no.
"Then one said, 'Here is the woman of Pablo. Listen, Pilar. Will there be women?
"I looked at him and he was a peasant dressed in his Sunday jacket and sweating heavily and I said, 'No, Joaquin. There are no women. We are not killing the women. Why should we kill their women?
"And he said, 'Thanks be to Christ, there are no women and when does it start?
"And I said, 'As soon as the priest finishes.
"'And the priest?
"'I don't know, I told him and I saw his face working and the sweat coming down on his forehead. 'I have never killed a man, he said.
"'Then you will learn, the peasant next to him said. 'But I do not think one blow with this will kill a man, and he held his flail in both hands and looked at it with doubt.
"'That is the beauty of it, another peasant said. 'There must be many blows.
" They have taken Valladolid. They have Avila, some one said. 'I heard that before we came into town.
" They will never take this town. This town is ours. We have struck ahead of them, I said. 'Pablo is not one to wait for them to strike.
"'Pablo is able, another said. 'But in this finishing off of the civiles he was egoistic. Don't you think so, Pilar?
"'Yes, I said. 'But now all are participating in this.
"'Yes, he said. 'It is well organized. But why do we not hear more news of the movement?
"'Pablo cut the telephone wires before the assault on the barracks. They are not yet repaired.
"'Ah, he said. 'It is for this we hear nothing. I had my news from the roadmender's station early this morning.
"'Why is this done thus, Pilar? he said to me.
"'To save bullets, I said. 'And that each man should have his share in the responsibility.
"'That it should start then. That it should start. And I looked at him and saw that he was crying.
"'Why are you crying, Joaquin? I asked him. 'This is not to cry about'
"'I cannot help it, Pilar, he said. 'I have never killed any one.
"If you have not seen the day of revolution in a small town where all know all in the town and always have known all, you have seen nothing. And on this day most of the men in the double line across the plaza wore the clothes in which they worked in the fields, having come into town hurriedly, but some, not knowing how one should dress for the first day of a movement, wore their clothes for Sundays or holidays, and these, seeing that the others, including those who had attacked the barracks, wore their oldest clothes, were ashamed of being wrongly dressed. But they did not like to take off their jackets for fear of losing them, or that they might be stolen by the worthless ones, and so they stood, sweating in the sun and waiting for it to commence.
"Then the wind rose and the dust was now dry in the plaza for the men walking and standing and shuffling had loosened it and it commenced to blow and a man in a dark blue Sunday jacket shouted 'Agua! Agua! and the caretaker of the plaza, whose duty it was to sprinkle the plaza each morning with a hose, came and turned the hose on and commenced to lay the dust at the edge of the plaza, and then toward the center. Then the two lines fell back and let him lay the dust over the center of the plaza; the hose sweeping in wide arcs and the water glistening in the sun and the men leaning on their flails or the clubs or the white wood pitchforks and watching the sweep of the stream of water. And then, when the plaza was nicely moistened and the dust settled, the lines formed up again and a peasant shouted, 'When do we get the first fascist? When does the first one come out of the box?
"'Soon, Pablo shouted from the door of the Ayuntamiento. 'Soon the first one comes out. His voice was hoarse from shouting in the assault and from the smoke of the barracks.
"'What's the delay? some one asked.
"'They're still occupied with their sins, Pablo shouted.
"'Clearly, there are twenty of them, a man said.
"'More, said another.
"'Among twenty there are many sins to recount.
"'Yes, but I think it's a trick to gain time. Surely facing such an emergency one could not remember one's sins except for the biggest.
"'Then have patience. For with more than twenty of them there are enough of the biggest sins to take some time.
"'I have patience, said the other. 'But it is better to get it over with. Both for them and for us. It is July and there is much work. We have harvested but we have not threshed. We are not yet in the time of fairs and festivals.
"'But this will be a fair and festival today, another said. 'The Fair of Liberty and from this day, when these are extinguished, the town and the land are ours.
"'We thresh fascists today, said one, 'and out of the chaff comes the freedom of this pueblo.
"'We must administer it well to deserve it, said another. 'Pilar, he said to me, 'when do we have a meeting for organization?
"'Immediately after this is completed, I told him. 'In the same building of the Ayuntamiento.
"I was wearing one of the three-cornered patent leather hats of the guardia civil as a joke and I had put the hammer down on the pistol, holding it with my thumb to lower it as I pulled on the trigger as seemed natural, and the pistol was held in a rope I had around my waist, the long barrel stuck under the rope. And when I put it on the joke seemed very good to me, although afterwards I wished I had taken the holster of the pistol instead of the hat. But one of the men in the line said to me, 'Pilar, daughter. It seems to me bad taste for thee to wear that hat. Now we have finished with such things as the guardia civil.
"'Then, I said, 'I will take it off. And I did.
"'Give it to me, he said. 'It should be destroyed.
"And as we were at the far end of the line where the walk runs along the cliff by the river, he took the hat in his hand and sailed it off over the cliff with the motion a herdsman makes throwing a stone underhand at the bulls to herd them. The hat sailed far out into space and we could see it smaller and smaller, the patent leather shining in the clear air, sailing down to the river. I looked back over the square and at all the windows and all the balconies there were people crowded and there was the double line of men across the square to the doorway of the Ayuntamiento and the crowd swarmed Outside against the windows of that building and there was the noise of many people talking, and then I heard a shout and some one said 'Here comes the first one, and it was Don Benito Garcia, the Mayor, and he came out bareheaded walking slowly from the door and down the porch and nothing happened; and he walked between the line of men with the flails and nothing happened. He passed two men, four men, eight men, ten men and nothing happened and he was walking between that line of men, his head up, his fat face gray, his eyes looking ahead and then flickering from side to side and walking steadily. And nothing happened.
"From a balcony some one cried out, Que pasa, cobardes? What is the matter, cowards? and still Don Benito walked along between the men and nothing happened. Then I saw a man three men down from where I was standing and his face was working and he was biting his lips and his hands were white on his flail. I saw him looking toward Don Benito, watching him come on. And still nothing happened. Then, just before Don Benito came abreast of this man, the man raised his flail high so that it struck the man beside him and smashed a blow at Don Benito that hit him on the side of the head and Don Benito looked at him and the man struck again and shouted, 'That for you, Cabron, and the blow hit Don Benito in the face and he raised his hands to his face and they beat him until he fell and the man who had struck him first called to others to help him and he pulled on the collar of Don Benito's shirt and others took hold of his arms and with his face in the dust of the plaza, they dragged him over the walk to the edge of the cliff and threw him over and into the river. And the man who hit him first was kneeling by the edge of the cliff looking over after him and saying, 'The Cabron! The Cabron! Oh, the Cabron! He was a tenant of Don Benito and they had never gotten along together. There had been a dispute about a piece of land by the river that Don Benito had taken from this man and let to another and this man had long hated him. This man did not join the line again but sat by the cliff looking down where Don Benito had fallen.
"After Don Benito no one would come out. There was no noise now in the plaza as all were waiting to see who it was that would come out. Then a drunkard shouted in a great voice, Que salga el toro! Let the bull out!
"Then some one from by the windows of the Ayuntamiento yelled, 'They won't move! They are all praying!
"Another drunkard shouted, 'Pull them out. Come on, pull them out. The time for praying is finished.
"But none came out and then I saw a man coming out of the door.
"It was Don Federico Gonzalez, who owned the mill and feed store and was a fascist of the first order. He was tall and thin and his hair was brushed over the top of his head from one side to the other to cover a baldness and he wore a nightshirt that was tucked into his trousers. He was barefooted as when he had been taken from his home and he walked ahead of Pablo holding his hands above his head, and Pablo walked behind him with the barrels of his shotgun pressing against the back of Don Federico Gonzalez until Don Federico entered the double line. But when Pablo left him and returned to the door of the Ayuntamiento, Don Federico could not walk forward, and stood there, his eyes turned up to heaven and his hands reaching up as though they would grasp the sky.
"'He has no legs to walk, some one said.
"'What's the matter, Don Federico? Can't you walk? some one shouted to him. But Don Federico stood there with his hands up and only his lips were moving.
"'Get on, Pablo shouted to him from the steps. 'Walk.
"Don Federico stood there and could not move. One of the drunkards poked him in the backside with a flail handle and Don Federico gave a quick jump as a balky horse might, but still stood in the same place, his hands up, and his eyes up toward the sky.
"Then the peasant who stood beside me said, 'This is shameful. I have nothing against him but such a spectacle must terminate. So he walked down the line and pushed through to where Don Federico was standing and said, 'With your permission, and hit him a great blow alongside of the head with a club.
"Then Don Federico dropped his hands and put them over the top of his head where the bald place was and with his head bent and covered by his hands, the thin long hairs that covered the bald place escaping through his fingers, he ran fast through the double line With flails falling on his back and shoulders until he fell and those at the end of the line picked him up and swung him over the cliff. Never did he open his mouth from the moment he came out pushed by the shotgun of Pablo. His only difficulty was to move forward. It was as though he had no command of his legs.
"After Don Federico, I saw there was a concentration of the hardest men at the end of the lines by the edge of the cliff and I left there and I went to the Arcade of the Ayuntamiento and pushed aside two drunkards and looked in the window. In the big room of the Ayuntamiento they were all kneeling in a half circle praying and the priest was kneeling and praying with them. Pablo and one named Cuatro Dedos, Four Fingers, a cobbler, who was much with Pablo then, and two others were standing with shotguns and Pablo said to the priest, 'Who goes now? and the priest went on praying and did not answer him.
"'Listen, you, Pablo said to the priest in his hoarse voice, 'who goes now? Who is ready now?
"The priest would not speak to Pablo and acted as though he were not there and I could see Pablo was becoming very angry.
"'Let us all go together, Don Ricardo Montalvo, who was a land owner, said to Pablo, raising his head and stopping praying to speak.
" Que va, said Pablo. 'One at a time as you are ready.
"'Then I go now, Don Ricardo said. 'I'll never be any more ready. The priest blessed him as he spoke and blessed him again as he stood up, without interrupting his praying, and held up a crucifix for Don Ricardo to kiss and Don Ricardo kissed it and then turned and said to Pablo, 'Nor ever again as ready. You Cabron of the bad milk. Let us go.
"Don Ricardo was a short man with gray hair and a thick neck and he had a shirt on with no collar. He was bow-legged from much horseback riding. 'Good-by, he said to all those who were kneeling. 'Don't be sad. To die is nothing. The only bad thing is to die at the hands of this canalla. Don't touch me, he said to Pablo. 'Don't touch me with your shotgun.
"He walked out of the front of the Ayuntamiento with his gray hair and his small gray eyes and his thick neck looking very short and angry. He looked at the double line of peasants and he spat on the ground. He could spit actual saliva which, in such a circumstance, as you should know, Ingles, is very rare and he said, Arriba Espana! Down with the miscalled Republic and I obscenity in the milk of your fathers.
"So they clubbed him to death very quickly because of the insult, beating him as soon as he reached the first of the men, beating him as he tried to walk with his head up, beating him until he fell and chopping at him with reaping hooks and the sickles, and many men bore him to the edge of the cliff to throw him over and there was blood now on their hands and on their clothing, and now began to be the feeling that these who came out were truly enemies and should be killed.
"Until Don Ricardo came out with that fierceness and calling those insults, many in the line would have given much, I am sure, never to have been in the line. And if any one had shouted from the line, 'Come, let us pardon the rest of them. Now they have had their lesson, I am sure most would have agreed.
"But Don Ricardo with all his bravery did a great disservice to the others. For he aroused the men in the line and where, before, they were performing a duty and with no great taste for it, now they were angry, and the difference was apparent.
"'Let the priest out and the thing will go faster, some one shouted.
"'Let out the priest.
"'We've had three thieves, let us have the priest.
"'Two thieves, a short peasant said to the man who had shouted. 'It was two thieves with Our Lord.
"'Whose Lord? the man said, his face angry and red.
"'In the manner of speaking it is said Our Lord.
"'He isn't my Lord; not in joke, said the other. 'And thee hadst best watch thy mouth if thou dost not want to walk between the lines.
"'I am as good a Libertarian Republican as thou, the short peasant said. 'I struck Don Ricardo across the mouth. I struck Don Federico across the back. I missed Don Benito. But I say Our Lord is the formal way of speaking of the man in question and that it was two thieves.
"'I obscenity in the milk of thy Republicanism. You speak of Don this and Don that.
"'Here are they so called.
"'Not by me, the cabrones. And thy Lord- Hi! Here comes a new one!
"It was then that we saw a disgraceful sight, for the man who walked out of the doorway of the Ayuntamiento was Don Faustino Rivero, the oldest son of his father, Don Celestino Rivero, a land owner. He was tall and his hair was yellow and it was freshly combed back from his forehead for he always carried a comb in his pocket and he had combed his hair now before coming out. He was a great annoyer of girls, and he was a coward, and he had always wished to be an amateur bullfighter. He went much with gypsies and with builfighters and with bull raisers and delighted to wear the Andalucian costume, but he had no courage and was considered a joke. One time he was announced to appear in an amateur benefit fight for the old people's home in Avila and to kill a bull from on horseback in the Andalucian style, which he had spent much time practising, and when he had seen the size of the bull that had been substituted for him in place of the little one, weak in the legs, he had picked out himself, he had said he was sick and, some said, put three fingers down his throat to make himself vomit.
"When the lines saw him, they commenced to shout, Hola, Don Faustino. Take care not to vomit.
"'Listen to me, Don Faustino. There are beautiful girls over the cliff.
"'Don Faustino. Wait a minute and we will bring out a bull bigger than the other.
"And another shouted, 'Listen to me, Don Faustino. Hast thou ever heard speak of death?
"Don Faustino stood there, still acting brave. He was still under the impulse that had made him announce to the others that he was going out. It was the same impulse that had made him announce himself for the bullfight. That had made him believe and hope that he could be an amateur matador. Now he was inspired by the example of Don Ricardo and he stood there looking both handsome and brave and he made his face scornful. But he could not speak.
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