«Main symptoms, causes and treatments of sleep diorders»

«Main symptoms, causes and treatments of sleep diorders»

STUDENT: ARTUR ABLAKOV

TEACHER: MS. ANGELE ADOMAITYTE

Sleep is a naturally recurring state characterized by reduced or absent consciousness, relatively suspended sensory activity, and inactivity of nearly all voluntary muscles. It is distinguished from quiet wakefulness by a decreased ability to react to stimuli, and is more easily reversible than being in hibernation or a coma. Sleep is a heightened anabolic state, accentuating the growth and rejuvenation of the immune, nervous, skeletal and muscular systems. It is observed in all mammals, all birds, and many reptiles, amphibians, and fish. It is compulsory for the life of every human in the world, but some people have sleep disorders and that is why psychologists, psychiatrists and doctors should know causes, in order to avoid sleep disorders, symptoms, in order to be able to diagnose them, and treatments, if people already have sleep disorders, how to cope with them.

There are many sleep disorders which have different causes, symptoms and treatments but one of the most common is insomnia. It is not defined in terms of the number of hours of sleep a person has because there are large individual differences in the amount of sleep that is 'normal' for each person an also because there are age-related differences, as we have seen. Some people who have very little sleep suffer no ill consequences whereas others who have many hours of sleep a night may feel unrefreshed and complain of insomnia. It may involve trouble falling asleep (initial insomnia), trouble remaining asleep (middle insomnia) or waking up too early (terminal insomnia).

Insomnia can be classified as either transient (short-term), intermittent (occasional) and chronic when it is constant and long-term (having occurred for one month or more).

It may be secondary to another disorder (secondary) or a disorder in its own right (primary).

Primary insomnia describes cases where insomnia simply occurs on its own, with no known cause, for more than one month. In such case it is the person's primary problem. An individual can feel himself or herself stressed or depressed but such psychological states are no the main problem. It may be that the individual has developed bad sleep habits such as waking up late or sleeping in a room that is too light and has created insomnia.

Secondary insomnia is where there is a single, underlying medical, psychiatric or environmental cause. In such cases insomnia is a symptom of the main disorder. For example insomnia is a characteristic symptom of ilnesses such as depression or heart disease. Insomnia also may be the result of environmental factors such as too much caffeine, alcohol or even chocolate. All these possible causes and symptoms make it difficult to find the treatment and people can suffer from it very long time or even the whole life.

There are a lot of factors which may influence the occurrence of insomnia.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-04