Студопедия
Случайная страница | ТОМ-1 | ТОМ-2 | ТОМ-3
АрхитектураБиологияГеографияДругоеИностранные языки
ИнформатикаИсторияКультураЛитератураМатематика
МедицинаМеханикаОбразованиеОхрана трудаПедагогика
ПолитикаПравоПрограммированиеПсихологияРелигия
СоциологияСпортСтроительствоФизикаФилософия
ФинансыХимияЭкологияЭкономикаЭлектроника

Sentence stress as a component of intonation

The notion of articulatory basis. Its difference in English and Russian. | L.V. Scherba classifies the pronunciation errors as phonological and phonetic. | The physical properties of a sound and their articulatory correlations and acoustic qualities | Classification of articulation transitions from sound to sound | The aspects of a sound | The notion of allophone. Classification | Functions of segmental and suprasegmental phonetic units | Syllabic structure of English words: formation, division, functions | Word accent: types, tendencies of place and force, function | English intonation |


Читайте также:
  1. A. Write sentence or questions with the present perfect.
  2. Ask tag questions to these sentences
  3. Choose the best two words for each sentence.
  4. Choose the correct form of the noun in the following sentences
  5. Choose the correct item (a, B, C or d) to complete the sentences.
  6. Choose the correct tense form in sentence.
  7. Choose the correct tense form in the following sentences.

Sentence stress is the governing stress in connected speech. All words have their individual stress in isolation. When words are connected into sense groups (also called thought groups, i.e., logically connected groups of words), and sense groups are connected into sentences, content words keep their stress, and function words lose their stress. The most important words in the sentence receive stronger stress. The last stressed word in the sentence receives the strongest stress with the help of a fall or a rise.

ANN is READing a NEW \BOOK.

Анна читает новую книгу.

WHAT BOOK is she \READing?

Какую книгу она читает?

Does she LIKE the /BOOK?

Stress in some words or word combinations may be shifted or weakened in a certain way to keep the rhythm of speech. For example: New YORK – NEW York CITy; in the afterNOON – AFternoon SLEEP.

Sentence stress is not just a phonetic peculiarity of English. Sentence stress has a very important function of marking the words that are necessary for understanding an utterance. When native speakers of English listen to their conversation partners, they listen for stressed words, because stressed words provide important information. It is often difficult to understand the meaning of the sentence in which even one content word is missing. It is also difficult to understand the sentence in which an important word is not stressed or a function word is stressed.

For example, a message from your friend says, "Missed train back Sunday." You will understand that it means "I missed my train. I will be back on Sunday", right? Only content words are written in the message, but the meaning is clear. In the same way you should listen for stressed content words in speech to understand the meaning of the whole utterance. And you should stress content words in your speech so that other people could understand you.

Sentence stress is the key component of English intonation. Intonation organizes words into sentences, distinguishes different types of sentences, and adds emotional coloring to utterances. English intonation is quite difficult for Russian students. Developing the ability to hear, understand, and reproduce sentence stress in speech is the main prerequisite to mastering English intonation.

 

26. Rhythm is the regular alternation of stressed and unstressed syllables. It is so typical of an English phrase that the incorrect rhythm betrays the non-English origin of the speaker.
The units of the rhythmical structure of an utterance are stress groups or rhythmic groups. The perception of boundaries between rhythmic groups is associated with the stressed syllables or peaks of prominence.
Unstressed syllables have a tendency to cling to the preceding stressed syllables — enclitics, or to the following stressed syllables — proclitics. In English, as a rule, only initial unstressed syllables cling to the follow­ing stressed syllable, non-initial unstressed syllables are usually enclitics.
Each sense-group of the sentence is pronounced at approximately the same period of time, unstressed syllables are pronounced more rapidly. Proclitics (`unstressed syllables) are pronounced faster than enclitics (stressed syllables).
Rhythm is connected with sentence stress. Under the influence of rhythm words which are normally pronounced with two equally strong stresses may lose one of them, or may have their word stress realized differently, e. g.,Picca'dilly —,Piccadilly 'Circus — 'close to,Picca'dilly

 


Дата добавления: 2015-08-17; просмотров: 103 | Нарушение авторских прав


<== предыдущая страница | следующая страница ==>
Speech melody as a component of English intonation| Phonostylistics

mybiblioteka.su - 2015-2024 год. (0.005 сек.)