Language work. Comparing.

Rule:Comparing is finding differences or similarities. When you need to make a decision about the most suitable computer for you, you may have to use expressions like the ones in these examples. 1. Comparison A flat-panel monitor is slimmerthan a CRT. A PDA is more changeable thana laptop. You can type more easily with a separate keyboard. A netbook is less expensive than a notebook. Free programs are as good asproprietary ones. A tablet PC is the bestoption for me. The more memory you have, the faster you’ll be able to load your files. 2. Contrast While a dial-up connection is usually cheap, it is very slow. A scanner can be useful but it isn’t an essential peripheral. Unlike CRT monitors, TFT ones are light. 3. Similarity Online shops as well as local retailers offer good value hardware. Both notebooks anddesktop PCs carry out similarfunctions.

Exercise 53. Complete the text about the benefits and limitations of laptops and desktops with words in bold from the examples above.

1) _________ desktops and laptops have 2) _________ components but they are built in a different way. 3) ________ desktops have 4) _________ space to expand the system, they are less manageable 5) ________ laptops. On the other hand, laptops are fully portable: they are lighter and 6) ________ and so more practical if you travel a lot and need to take your computer with you.

7) _________ desktops, the screen, keyboard and mouse of a laptop are integrated. However, most laptop owners prefer to have a separate mouse 8) _________ the touchpad. Similarly, as the keyboard is miniaturized, some people buy an external one for use at home. You can type 9) _________ easily if you use a full-size keyboard.

A laptop’s CPU is slower 10) _________ access to data may be quicker, so its performance can be 11) _________ good as a desktop’s.

It’s hard to say what the 12) _______ option is. But remember: in the computer world, 13) ______ smaller the device, the more money it costs.

Exercise 54. Compare a notebook and a netbook; a laptop and a tablet PC.

Exercise 55. Give definitions for the following terms.

Desktop PC Tablet PC Mainframe Touchpad PDA

Notebook Netbook Workstation Stylus

Grammar. Past Perfect/ Past Perfect Continuous, Future Perfect/ Future Perfect Continuous.

Exercise 56. Fill in with Past Simple or Past Perfect then state which action happened first.

e.g. When I …left… (leave) the house, I …realized… (realize) that I …had forgotten… (forget) my keys. First action: … had forgotten…

1. When I … (see) Julie, I … (realize) that I … (meet) her before.

First action: …

2. After I … (finish) digging the garden I … (decide) to go for a walk.

First action: …

3. I … (lend) Fiona some money only after she … (promise) to give it back the next day. First action: …

4. Kate … (start) studying after John … (leave). First action: …

Exercise 57. a) Complete these sentences. Use the Simple Past or Past Continuous with the verbs in column A, and the Simple Past or Past Perfectwith the verbs in column B.

b) Match columns A and B to make complete stories.

A	B
1. A thief … (break into) our house last night while my sister and I … (pick up) a pizza for dinner. 2. I … (shop) with some friends yesterday, and I … (lose) my keys. 3. I … (drive) around with friends all day on Sunday, and I … (run out) of gas on the freeway. 4. I … (try) to go and visit my parents last night when I … (get) stuck in the elevator in their apartment building.	a. Luckily, I … (give) a friend a copy of them, and she … (come) over and let me in. b. It … (reach) the fifth floor when it … (stop). After I … (be) stuck for about half an hour, someone finally … (start) it again. c. I guess we … (leave) the door unlocked because that’s how the thief … (get) into the house. d. Luckily, I … (bring) my Car Association card with me, so I … (call) them for help.

Exercise 58. Fill in with the Present Perfect Continuous or the Past Perfect Continuous.

1. I was tired. I ………………………………………….. all day. (dig)

2. We …………………………………for your call all evening. (wait)

3. How long …………………………………………. there? (you wait)

4. I ……………………………………… there since 6 o’clock. (stand)

5. She..…….. English for five years before she visited Canada. (study)

6. It started raining last Monday and it ……………… ever since. (rain)

Exercise 59. Fill in with the Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous or Past Continuous.

1. We … (cook) all day for the party that evening and by eight o’clock we still weren’t ready. 2. John … (prepare) a beautiful meal for his guests and they all enjoyed it. 3. I knew she … (do) the washing because the machine was still working when I got it. 4. I knew she … (do) the washing because when I got in she was ready to go out. 5. By 10 o’clock the children … (do) their homework and were ready to go to bed. 6. The children … (do) their homework and by ten o’clock they still hadn’t finished. 7. The orchestra … (play) for about ten minutes when a man in the audience suddenly began shouting. 8. I … (wait) for Tom for 20 minutes when I realized it was a wrong restaurant. 9. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He … (look) for his cigarette lighter. 10. We … (walk) along the road for about 20 minutes when a car stopped and the driver offered us a lift.

Exercise 60. Fill in with an appropriate present or past form.

1. When she was young, she … (dance) a lot. 2. John … (drive) home when his car … (break down). 3. He was dizzy. He … (work) on the computer all night. 4. She was upset because she … (lose) her watch. 5. She … (wait) for an hour before he … (arrive). 6. He had a backache. He … (dig) the garden. 7. He was angry. He … (argue) with his daughter. 8. Marilyn Monroe … (act) in a lot of films. 9. Michael Jackson … (make) a lot of records. 10. She … (type) a letter while she … (talk) on the phone. 11. He … (clean) the floor but he hasn’t clean the windows yet. 12. Alexander Fleming … (discover) penicillin in 1928. 13. She … (clean) the window when she fell off the ladder. 14. He was tired. He … (swim) for hours.

Exercise 61. Underline the correct item.

1. ‘I really need a drink.’ ‘OK, I ’ll buy/’m buying you one. What would you like?’ 2. ‘You look dreadful.’ ‘I know, I ’m seeing/’ll see the doctor tomorrow at 4 o’clock.’ 3. ‘Did you remember to water the plants today?’ ‘Oh no, I forgot; I ’ll water/ water them now.’ 4. I’ve already told you why I can’t see you tonight. I ’m having/’ll have guests. 5. I’m sorry. I promise I ’ll stay/’ll be staying out of trouble in the future. 6. I’m sure he ’ll understand/’s going to understand if you explain it to him clearly. 7. I will have finished/ will finish my exams by the end of August. 8. ‘I’ve burnt the dinner.’ ‘Never mind, I ’ll go/ am going to the restaurant and get a takeaway pizza.’ 9. I ’ll have been working/ will work here for 40 years by the time I retire next week.

Speaking

Exercise 62. Role play ‘Choosing a computer’. Work in pairs. One of you is a customer who wants to buy a computer; the other is a shop assistant. Ask and answer questions using the instructions below to make a conversation.

Shop assistant Customer

Greet the customer and offer help. Explain what you are looking for (computer type, your computer needs).

Show the customer possible models. Ask for some technical specifications (CPU, RAM, etc).

Give technical specifications (describe Ask about any further

the CPU, RAM and storage capacity). technical specs (DVD

Compare the two different models. drive, monitor, communication, etc)

Give the information required. Ask the price.

Answer, and mention any further Decide which computer

details that might persuade the to buy or leave the shop

customer to buy the computer. without any.

Writing

Exercise 63. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Корпус ноутбука містить базові компоненти комп’ютера, такі як: дисплей, клавіатура, сенсорна панель, а також акумуляторні батареї. 2. Ноутбук виконує всі функції звичайного настільного комп'ютера, але має важливу перевагу – ви завжди можете носити його з собою і використовувати у будь-якому місці. 3. Нетбук – це невеликий ноутбук, що призначений для роботи в мережі в Інтернет і роботи з офісними програмами. 4. Нетбук відрізняється компактним розміром, невеликою вагою, низьким енергоспоживанням і порівняно невисокою вартістю. 5. За допомогою нетбука ви можете переглядати Інтернет сторінки та електронну пошту, вести блоги, читати електронні книги. 6. Екран планшетного ПК дозволяє працювати за допомогою стілуса або пальців без використання клавіатури і мишки, має тонкий корпус і привабливий вигляд. 7. Користувач може вводити текст, використовуючи клавіатуру на екрані, а також за допомогою вбудованої програми розпізнавання рукописного тексту.

Exercise 64. Read the descriptions of the four people who need a computer and decide what type of computer would be the most suitable for each of them. Explain your choice.

1. Ann Gillard is a student. She wants an ultra-light computer that she could easily take to class. She needs to write essays, web-based projects and letters. She likes surfing the web. She would like to draw and write on the screen.

2. Elizabeth Campbell is a sales representative. She needs a lightweight computer with which she can process orders and communicate with her office while she is on the road.

3. Andrew Parker is the manager of an advertising company. He needs a powerful system which will work with optical disks and multimedia applications, integrating texts and pictures with animation and voice annotations. Digitized images and sound occupy a lot of disk space. He needs a computer only for work in the office.

4. Brian Mason is a CAD engineer. His job involves computer-aided design, simulations and 3-D modeling. These applications require a lot of memory and a large drive.

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