Text 7 Basic Machine Tools

Просмотрите текст и выполните следующие задания.

I. Используя специализированный англо-русский словарь по технологии машиностроения и металлообработке, переведите следующие слова и словосочетания и запомните их:

workbench

abrasive wheel/belt

grinding wheel

tolerance

twist drill

to countersink

to tap

groove

to attack, attachment

slot, T-slot

dovetail, dovetail slot

II. Переведите следующие именные группы, обращая внимание на перевод слов в функции определения:

huge production machine; metal part; hole-machining operation; surface grinder; surface finishing operations

III. Укажите способ словообразования следующих слов и переведите их на русский язык:

various, variety, variable, relationship, tolerance, abrasive, workbench, available, availability

IV. Выпишите из текста интернациональные слова. Проверьте их произношение и перевод по словарю.

V. Найдите в первом и втором абзацах и выпишите слова, которые можно отнести к «ложным друзьям переводчика». Проверьте значение этих слов по словарю.

VI. Выпишите из текста сказуемые в страдательном залоге и переведите их вместе с относящимися к нему словами.

VII. Найдите во втором абзаце герундий, определите его функцию и переведите вместе с относящимися к нему словами.

VIII. Найдите в четвертом абзаце предложение с “as”, определите функцию этого слова и переведите вместе с относящимися к нему словами.

IX. Выпишите из пятого абзаца инфинитив в функции обстоятельства следствия и переведите его вместе с относящимися к нему словами.

X. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод неличных форм глагола:

1. There are some other properties of non-ferrous metals to be considered.

2. This machine is designed for machining small threaded parts.

3. Heat-resistant steel is made by adding some tungsten and molybdenum, manganese increasing the wear resistance.

4. Turning involves cutting excess metal in the form of chips.

5. Lathes used in machine shops are known to be of different designs and sizes.

6. The tailstock serves to support the workpieces being turned between the centers and also holds tools for machining holes and for cutting threads.

7. Metals do not melt until heated to a definite temperature.

8. To machine large, but thin workpieces of disc or ring shape up to several meters in diameter chuck lathes are used.

9. The engine lathe uses a single-point cutting tool for turning and boring.

10. Having mixed these two substances we then put the mixture into a clean test-tube (пробирка).

11. These machine tools incorporate design modifications that permit them to perform complex operational sequences.

12. Upon being heated to a high temperature many metallic compounds are decomposed.

XI. Переведите текст с учетом выполненных заданий. Пятый абзац переведите письменно.

1. Hundreds of varieties of metal machine-tools, ranging in size from small machines mounted on workbenches to huge production machines weighing several hundred tons, are used in modern industry. They retain the basic characteristics of the ancestors and are still classed as one of the following: 1) turning machines (lathes) 2) drilling machines, 3) milling machines, 4) boring machines, 5) grinding machines.

2. Grinding machines remove small chips from metal parts that are brought into contact with a rotating abrasive wheel called a grinding wheel or an abrasive belt. Grinding is the most accurate of all the basic machining processes. Modern grinding machines grind hard or soft parts to tolerance of plus or minus 0.0001 inch (0.0025 millimeter).

3. Drilling machines, also called drill presses, cut holes in metal with a twist drill. They also use a variety of other cutting tools to perform the following basic hole-machining operations: 1) reaming, 2) boring, 3) countersinking and 4) tapping internal threads with the use of a tapping attachment.

4. Milling machines cut metal as the workpiece is fed against a rotating cutting tool called a milling cutter. Cutters of many shapes and sizes are available for a wide variety of milling operations. Milling machines cut flat surfaces, grooves, inclined surfaces, dovetails and T-slots.

5. Boring machines of various designs are used for boring workpieces that are too large to be mounted on a lathe, drill press or milling machine. Boring can be done on any type of machine that is equipped to hold a boring tool and a workpiece and is also equipped to rotate either the tool or the workpiece in the proper relationship. Standard boring machines are to bore or turn work of up 12 feet (3.6m) in diameter.

XII. Составьте аннотацию текста.

XIII. Подготовьте сообщение о металлорежущих станках.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14