Text 2 Cutting Tools

Просмотрите текст и выполните следующие задания.

I. Используя специализированный англо-русский словарь по технологии машиностроения и металлообработке, переведите следующие слова и словосочетания и запомните их:

to revolve

faulty

hardened steel

turning tool

milling cutter

single-point cutting tool

multipoint cutting tool

shank

chip

longitudinal turning

roughing (n), roughing tool

finishing (n), finishing tool

size

surface

II. Укажите способ словообразования следующих слов и переведите их на русский язык:

division, divisional, divisor, subdivision, subdivisible, hardness, harden, hardenable, hardenability, hardener.

III. Переведите следующие словосочетания и предложения со словом “ specific ”, используя указанные варианты его значения:

Особый, точный, конкретный, определенный, удельный (физ.)

With no specific aim

Specific orders

Specific statement

Specific gravity (weight)

Specific heat

You say your factory is in England; Can you be a bit more specific?

She gave us very specific instructions.

There is a specific tool for each job.

The money is to be used for a specific purpose.

IV. Переведите следующие предложения, обратив внимание на союз “ either… or… ”:

1. Either nickel or tungsten are used to make steel stronger and harder.

2. Cutting tools are made of either hardened and tempered steel or alloy metals.

3. British tools were exported to either Europe or to the United States in spite of prohibiting exports.

4. These operations can be performed on either turning or drilling machines.

V. Определите функцию инфинитивов в третьем предложении первого абзаца и переведите их вместе с относящимися к ним словам.

VI. Найдите в первом абзаце придаточное определительное предложение с бессоюзной связью и переведите его вместе с определяемым существительным.

VII. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на бессоюзное определение придаточного предложения к главному:

1. In every machine shop there are many machine tools we can use for working metals.

2. Metals one can apply for industrial purposes are called engineering metals.

3. The carbon content steel may contain is confined to certain limits.

4. The temperature a metal melts at is called its melting point.

5. Grey iron is weak and will not stand great shock it can be subjected to.

VIII. Проанализируйте четвертое предложение первого абзаца, определите тип придаточного условного предложения и переведите предложение на русский язык.

IX. Выпишите из первого и второго абзацев сказуемые в страдательном залоге, в составе которых есть модальный глагол, и переведите их вместе с относящимися к ним подлежащими.

X. Выпишите из текста причастие I, определите их функции и переведите на русский язык вместе с относящимися к нему словами.

XI. Проанализируйте глагольные формы с окончанием -ed в первых предложениях второго и четвертого абзацев и переведите их на русский язык вместе с относящимися к ним словами.

XII. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на функции причастия и анализируя глагольные формы с окончанием -ed:

a. A heating device – a heated device; an increasing speed – an increased speed; a supporting unit – a supported unit; an alloying element – an alloyed steel

b. 1. The lathe is a machine tool used for machining the surfaces of a workpiece.

2. Even in the past people used the lathe for different machining operations.

3. The first computers used thousands of separate electrical components connected together with wires.

4. Power is another term used in a special technical sense in speaking of machines.

5. Computers are machines designed to process electronically specially prepared pieces of information.

6. The second industrial revolution marked also by the growing importance of science-based industries provided power for factories.

c. 1. The amount of metal removed depended on the quality of the cutter used.

2. The lathes used differed in designs and sizes.

3. The speed obtained on the diameter of the workpiece being machined.

4. The speed influenced by the workpiece diameter ranged from 1500 to 1800 rev/min.

5. The mechanism referred to in the paper performed the majority of required handling operations automatically.

6. The leading of the workpiece followed by its clamping was performed automatically.

XIII. Определите функцию местоимения “ it ” в начале первого предложения четвертого абзаца и переведите вместе с относящимися к нему словами.

XIV. Проанализируйте последнее предложение четвертого абзаца, определите функцию слова “ after ” и переведите предложение на русский язык.

XV. Переведите текст с учетом выполненных заданий. Первый абзац переведите письменно.

1. The cutting tool is that part of a machine tool which serves for removing material from a revolving work. Cutting tools being used for various metal cutting operations include quite a wide range of shapes. The shape of the tool is known to depend upon a large number of factors such as the specific operation the material to be cut and the material the tool is made of. If either incorrect or faulty cutting tools had been used for metal-cutting operations, the quality of work would have become poor and cost would have been higher. That is why careful attention should be given to the cutting tools in any metal-cutting operation.

2. Cutting tools are made of hardened steel or alloy metals. All the cutting tools are adapted to perform certain work in the most efficient manner and, accordingly, they may be subdivided into turning tools, boring tools, milling tools, etc. These tools having one effective cutting edge along which excess material from the workpiece is removed are known as single-point cutting tools.

3. Other tools removing excess material on two or more cutting edges simultaneously are known as multipoint cutting tools. Each cutting tool consists of a shank for holding the tool in the machine and a cutting edge for removing chips from the work.

4. It is known that cutting tools used for longitudinal turning and subdivided into roughing tools and finishing tools. Ranging tools are applied for roughing or removing the excessive metal from the work. Such tools usually have a long cutting edge. Finishing tools are used after the work has been turned with a roughing tool to give accurate size and clean surface to the work being machined.

XVI. Составьте аннотацию текста.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14