Complete the sentences by choosing appropriate words or expressions from the box. Translate the completed sentences into Ukrainian.

(heart attacks risk victim applying pressure emergencies

illness or injury breathing and heartbeat cardiopulmonary resuscitation

mudslides first aid interventions medical care direct pressure)

1. Most... require urgent intervention to prevent a worsening of the situation.

2. There are emergencies affecting a single person, such as the entire range of medical emergencies including..., strokes, and traumas.

3. Other incidents may affect large numbers of people such as natural disasters including tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, and....

4. First aid is the provision of initial care for an.... It is usually per­formed by a non-expert person to a sick or injured person until definitive medical treatment can be accessed.

5. To prevent further harm means to move a... away from any cause of accident, and to apply first aid techniques to prevent worsening of his condition, such as... to stop a bleed becoming dangerous.

6. Basic principles, such as knowing how to use an adhesive bandage or to apply... on a bleed, are often acquired passively through life experiences.

7. However, to provide effective, life-saving... one requires instruc­tion and practical training.

8. Especially it relates to potentially fatal illnesses and injuries, such as those that require....

9. Some procedures may be invasive, and carry a... of further injury to the patient and the provider.

10. Any response to an emergency medical situation will depend on whether the emergency occurs whilst in hospital under..., or out­side of medical care (for instance, in the street or alone.

11.The principles of the chain of survival apply to medical emergen cies where the patient has an absence of.... I his Involves the Гош "E" stages of early access, early CPR, early defibrillation and ear­ly advanced life support.

8) Complete the following sentences by choosing the appropriate preposi­tions. Translate the completed text into Ukrainian.

The ABCs of/in first aid refer to/for the assessment of/by person's airway, breathing and circulation.

"Has the airway not become blocked? Has breathing not stopped? Is the person not in/at cardiac arrest?" If you see a person who lies motionless and apparently without/with breathing, you check if the person is conscious by/under shaking her or him and loudly asking "Hello, are you all right?" or "Hello, are you with/to us?" If there is no response, you check the breathing using the 'look, listen and feel approach', that is, look for/to the chest movements, listen to/by sounds of/on breathing and feel for/in air movement over the person's mouth. If there is no breathing, the rescuer should check the airway for/by blockage. Next, emergency medical care should be called. You have to give the dispatcher a full description from/of the person's condition and how the injury or illness developed. Cardiopulmonary resuscita­tion is a basic life support technique. The person's airway is opened and cleared (the head is tilted backwards and the chin lifted), breath­ing is restored by/with mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and blood circu­lation is restored as well.

9) Complete these expressions by choosing the appropriate verb from the box. Then use the expressions in your own description of first-aid treat­ment of wounds. Use appropriate markers of sequence (first, then, next, after that, finally, eventually) and provide any additional information you consider necessary.

to observe for to stop to pick off to remove to elevate (raise)

to compress to apply to prevent to seek to wash with

1. _____________the bleeding

2. _____________the bleeding area

3. _____________the affected limb

4. _____________infection

5. _____________large, visible particles

6. _____________dirt

7. _____________soap and tap water

8. _____________antibiotic ointment and a plaster or bandage

9. _____________signs of infection

10. _____________medical assistance

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