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Герундіальний зворот - це сполучення герундія з додатком і приєднаними до нього словами, може виконувати будь-які функції (крім означення).
In spite of not having any university education, Faraday made his great discoveries.
Незважаючи на те,що Фарадей не мав університетської освіти, він зробив великі відкриття.
Einstein’s being awarded the Nobel prize in physics soon became widely known.
Те, що Ейнштейн був нагороджений Нобелевською премією з фізики, скоро став широко відомим фактом.
Дієслова, після яких звичайно вживається герундій
to continue - продовжувати
to depend on (upon) – залежати від
to go on – продовжувати
to insist on (upon) – наполягати на
to interested in – зацікавитися чимось
to keep on – продовжувати
to mind – заперечувати (в питальних або заперечних реченнях)
to put off – відкладати
to prevent from – перешкоджати
to result in – закінчуватися
to result from – мати результат
to succeed in – досягти успіхів
to try – пробувати
Можливе вживання герундія після таких слів та виразів:
it is worth – це варто
it is no good – не варто
it is no use – некорисно
in addition to – крім того
besides – окрім, крім того
because of – із-за
instead – замість
in spite of – не зважаючи на
owing to, thanks to – завдяки
through – через, проте
Ex.7 State the form and functions of the Gerund.
1.Understanding the great variety of the sea motion depends on the application of many fundamental principles of fluid dynamics. 2. They have presented mechanisms for creating volcanic activity. 3. After leaving Bermuda they sailed north to explore the Gulf Stream. 4. This theory has had remarkable success in explaining much of the surface seismicity, 5.Many devices have been invented for obtaining temperatures at various depths.6. After determining the velocity of the north going current the group of oceanographers began determining its salinity. 7. Maintaining a vessels at anchor for a long time is expensive. 8. The water on entering has a mean salinity of about 35,5% and on leaving a mean salinity of about 32,5%
Ex.8 Put the verb in brackets into a correct form. Use an infinitive (with or without to), or a Gerund.
Example: He promised (finish) (write) it before (leave).
He promised to finish writing it before leaving.
1. He refused (let) me (go) on (speak). 2. I advise you (wait) before (make) a final decision. 3. It’s no use (ask) him. He can’t help you (find) it. 4. Please make him (stop) (sing). 5. I thought he had finished (take) music lessons long ago. 6. Do you remember (meet) me before? 7. If a thing is worth (do), it’s worth (do) well. 8. I usually go by train. Try (go) by bus for a change. 9. Did you remember (post) the letter I gave you? 10. I can’t afford (buy) a new car without first (sell) my old one.
Ex.9 In the blanks below insert the proper prepositions:
1. She will be back…an hour or two. 2. I’ll do that …pleasure. 3. Shall we go …bus or…train? 4. I’m sorry but I don’t agree… you. 5. Helen is afraid …animals. 6. Victor was …a hurry. 7. There is something wrong …this telephone. 8. O want there …mistake. 9. …the way, have you seen Peter lately? 10. They are both fond … music. 11. He will get … touch …you later this week. 12. Please write your exercise… ink. 13. Heat changes ice…water. 14. Do you usually have dinner…home or …a canteen?
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