The great giveaway

Writing: Correcting mistakes

Read the following task.

University lecturers are now able to put their lectures on the Internet for students to read and so the importance of attending face to face lectures has been reduced.

Do you believe the use of the Internet in formal education is a good idea? What future effects will the Internet have on academic study?

Read a sample answer by a student. Find at least 12 mistakes (spelling, grammar, vocabulary)

Over the past several years, computer technology has started to change many aspects of our lives. One of this is our approach to teaching and learning. Many people believe that the Internet will greatly enhance students lives but, according to my opinion, the costs will outweight the benefits.

One future effect of the Internet on academic study is that the level of lecturer/student contact that we used to may be reduced. This might happen simply because students do not need spending so much time on the university campus. The same may be true of lecturers. If they are able to put their lecturers on the Internet, they may choose to do this from home and so be less available for consultation. On my view this would be a great disadvantage. In my home country, tutors usually stress the importance of regular, informal meetings and students’ work could suffer if efforts are not made to maintain these.

Apart from the negative impact that the Internet may have on student/ lecturer relationships, I believe we also have to consider the disadvantages to student health. Studing is by nature a very sedentary activity involving long hours reading books and writing assignments. In addition, these activities are usually done alone. Going to campus offers students change of scenery, a bit of exercise, and an opportunity to meet and socialise with other students. If it is no longer necessary to leave home because lectures are done available on the Internet, then students may suffer physically and mentally because of this change.

Whilst I can appreciate that the Internet will be a valuable source of information for students, I cannot agree that it is the best means of transmitting this information and I think we have to guard against develop an unhealthy dependence on it.

Airbnb: grown-up couch-surfing

Airbnb, winner of the Best Website category in our Travel Awards 2011, lets travellers bag a bargain stay in a private home – but what's it like to be a host?

It was one of those days. I was bored and on the internet. And without paying much attention, I clicked on a sidebar to see what the advert was about. A small act. But it would lead, over the subsequent year, to 68 total strangers arriving at my door, planning to stay the night. In that idle moment, I had signed up to be a host in one of the most successful travel start-ups of all time.

Airbnb (airbnb.com) was still in its infancy. It had been born, again by accident, two years earlier in 2007, when America's Industrial Design Society held its annual conference in San Francisco and the hotels were chock-a-block. Two cash-strapped friends offered to put people up in their loft for a small fee. The response was so positive that they realised they had stumbled on something.

The idea of staying in real homes, and with like-minded people, was bankable. There was a hunger for something more real and rooted – not the anonymity of hotel chains, minibars and uniform foyers. And Airbnb founders Brian Chesky, Nathan Blecharczyk and Joe Gebbia believed that supply would match demand. There must, they reasoned, be other people with a bit of space they'd like to let and an outlook that would regard visitors as half guests, half lodgers.

They were stunningly right. When I became one of their hosts, although Airbnb was still operating from its founders' loft, it had already gone international. Today the website lists apartments, rooms, houses and even tents and boats – from the humble to the palatial – in 186 countries and 16,000 cities. The company's fortunes have burgeoned: last July, it raised $112m of funding and was valued at $1bn. But the site stresses that it is providing more than just a place to lay your head. It holds out a warm invitation – connect with locals, experience life as the natives alone know it, get under the skin of the city and be no longer a mere tourist. Airbnb speaks the language of community. It aspires to put the local into the global.

I knew none of this when I clicked on the link. Nor did any of my acquaintances. On the contrary, my kids thought I was mad and my ex predicted axe murderers and kleptomaniacs. My friends were aghast at the idea of giving a key to people who'd come without any testimonial or guarantee. Indeed, if I had known last summer's horror story– when Airbnb guests totally trashed a house in Oakland, California, stealing passports and credit cards – I would have gone no further. But that was all in the future.

I was relaxed about it all at first. I offered a first-floor room in my Victorian terraced house in trendy Shoreditch, east London, and it was only when the first request came up on my screen that I began to realise what I had done. Two women from Chicago emailed to book a stay. I began to look at my house through strangers' eyes, especially those of Americans – doubtless super-clean to the point of obsession. Would they turn their noses up at my mess of books and pictures? Would they run their fingers along shelves and inspect the backs of the toilets? For days, I sweated, hoovered, washed and wiped. I bought new mugs and better bedding.. Finally, I awaited Elizabeth and Kerry's ring at the doorbell as if I was about to take an exam.

It was not as I had expected. On the doorstep stood a tall youth with the sweet face of a Botticelli angel and a skateboard under one arm. Half hidden behind him, beneath a gargantuan backpack, was a young dark-haired woman. He held out a spare hand – "Kerry …" I was speechless.

If you learn anything from Airbnb, it is to expect the unexpected. Of the regular stream of visitors, hardly any was as I had imagined. The Armenian sexologist was a retiring and graceful woman. The Turkish IT expert was a small moustachioed bundle of anxious energy who kept losing his keys. The marine who had served in Afghanistan was a slight bespectacled character, on an exotic world trip with his girlfriend.

The system couldn't be simpler. The traveller searches the site to see what's on offer in their city of choice, selects one that fits their taste and budget, and emails the host, who can then either accept or refuse. It was over-simple in the early days. Though guests do get reviewed by hosts (and the other way round), first-timers – and most of them were that – come with no form. I accepted people blindly, and quickly became almost blase. But the trauma of Oakland and the trashed flat proved a wake-up call for Airbnb's easy-going young co-founders, who used to say: "Working for Airbnb is like a really fun school where you get paid."

Grown-up couchsurfing needs some safeguards. Guests now need to include their personal details, hosts are asked to check that phone numbers are genuine, and a $50,000 policy has been put in place in case of further disasters.

Watching my guests from the sidelines is awe-inspiring. I am amazed by their energy, their zest. They walk incessantly. They are immensely curious about my life and my area – I am, I realise, part of their adventure – and sometimes it feels like speed dating. And on their side, they tell me about things I would never have known – the life of Russians in Lithuania, the art scene in Slovenia, voter registration campaigns in New York. And they try anything. They do things I had never thought possible. I'd politely poured cold water on one couple's desire to get in to hear a debate in the House of Commons. No, they said, they had just walked in. And they bring with them scores of personal stories – so many that I am gutted not to know how they turn out. I am living in the middle of a flow of tales and am constantly having the denouements snatched away.

Of course there is a downside. I am tired of laundering, ironing, cleaning. I find some people more interesting than others and have sometimes strained to share enthusiasms (Churchill's bunker – hot favourite.) I don't like it when people leave their plates for me to wash up and – once – their condoms to junk. There are times in between when I relish the silence, the ability to wander around if I care to in a state of undress. And there are times when the growth of Airbnb makes me feel my homespun offer is out of place among the holiday lets that are entering the fray. Am I, I wonder, being naive?

But then the riots happened, and in came emails – from ex-Airbnb-ers in Slovenia, Australia, America and Germany – inquiring if I am OK. It's a reminder and an affirmation. There are people out there who want to find corner shops rather than faceless chains, fresh experiences rather than beaten tracks, and real people rather than robots. And that is worth all the laundry in the world.

• Naseem Khan (airbnb.com/rooms/ 45087) charges from £55 a night for a double room, minimum three-night stay

Writing: 20 questions about academic writing

1. Can the adverb ‘ in addition’ be used at the beginning of the sentence/ inside the sentence, enclosed by commas?

2. Can you use ‘ And’ at the beginning of a sentence in academic writing?

3. How else can you say ‘ Another point for them to remember is…’?

4. Which is more frequent in academic writing: ‘ Besides its political and racial distribution/ In addition to its political and racial distribution’?

5. Do we use the comma after ‘ moreover’ and ‘ furthermore’ at the beginning of a sentence? Can these words occur within the sentence?

6. Which is more common for academic writing: ‘ for example’ or ‘ for instance’?

7. What is the difference between e.g. and i.e.?

8. Which is more typical of academic writing: ‘ such as’ or ‘ like’?

9. How else can you express the following: ‘ A good illustration of this is the lack of certainty that…’

10. Can ‘ because’ be used at the beginning of a sentence in academic writing? (Because they would have trained better).

11. What else (apart from ‘ because’) can you use in writing to express a cause?

12. Is ‘ therefore’ mainly used inside the sentence or at the beginning of a sentence?

13. Think of at least five ways of paraphrasing the sentence: ‘Much of modern sociology lacks a paradigm and consequently fails to qualify as a science.’

14. Correct the following sentences: ‘You get addicted to television like you get addicted to opium.’/ ‘ Like Marx said, religion is a falsification of life.’

15. Which preposition do you use? ‘There is a sharp distinction … domestic politics and international politics’.

16. Can the conjunctions ‘while’ and ‘whereas’ be used in the same position to balance contrasting points? For example: ‘Biographies will be included in the present chapter, while catalogues will be treated in the next.’

17. What does the preposition versus mean? What is its abbreviation?

18. Can the expression ‘on the other side’ be used to describe differences between two or more points? (in the same way as ‘on the other hand’)

19. Can the adverb ‘on the other hand’ be used without the preceding ‘on the one hand’?

20. Which is more common for academic writing: ‘ similarly’ or ‘ in the same way ’?

Writing: Argumentative compositions outlining advantages and disadvantages and expressing opinions

Exercise 1: Correct the 10 mistakes in the following argumentative (grammar, spelling, vocabulary). Define the type of argumentative.

Fame: a Blessing or a Curse?

At some point in their lifes most people have daydreamed about the joys of being famous. One must wonder, however, if being famous is an achievement or a curse – like Fred Allan said, “A celebrity is someone who works hard all his life to become known, than wears dark glasses to avoid to be recognised.”

The main advantage to fame is that it tends to go hand on hand with being rich, and despite the cliché that money cannot buy happiness, famous people can at least be miserable in comfort.

With fame also comes adoration, meaning that famous people will always be surround by people who want to be with, and be seen with them. This means that they are welcome whenever they go, surrounded by the best things in life and protected from the bad.

However, there are drawbacks from being famous, the most obvious being a complete lack of privacy. Nowadays celebrities are followed almost everywhere they go by photographers, and their lives are scrutinized in detail by newspapers and magazines. Furthermore, a famous person can never be sure whether people like him for the person he is rather than his name, what can lead to a sense of isolation.

In conclusion, as appealing as fame, wealth and adoration is, it seems that the cost to one’s personal life is just too great.

Exercise 2: Substitute the underlined words/ expressions with synonyms. Define the type of argumentative.

Experiments on animals should be banned. Do you agree?

The subject of animal testing is very controversial. In my opinion, animal testing should not be banned for a number of reasons.

The first reason for supporting animal testing is that many products must be tested on animals to ensure that they are safe for use by humans. For example, diabetics would not be able to inject insulin to control their diabetes had it not been developed by testing on animals.

Moreover, the effects of certain chemicals such as insecticides can be observed on animals and their offspring and results are achieved faster since animals have a shorter life span than humans and the ability to multiply easily.

The final and most important point in favour of animal testing is that it is aimed at finding cures for diseases such as cancer. Most of these tests cannot be done in any other way. Forty years ago polio was a common calamity amongst children. Animal testing led to the discovery of a vaccine and now this disease is very rare in developed countries. While some animals undoubtedly suffer, the end justifies the means.

Contrary to popular belief, laboratory animals are not ill-treated and their suffering is kept to a minimum. As already stated, I am in favour of animal testing provided that it is conducted under strict conditions and that there is no alternative.

Writing: Argumentative (solutions)

Task: Some employers reward members of staff for their exceptional contribution to the company by giving them extra money. This practice can act as an incentive for some but may also have a negative impact on others.

To what extent is this style of management effective? Are there better ways of encouraging employees to work hard?

(Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words)

Fill in the gaps with prepositions:

In times … high unemployment, employees need do very little to encourage their staff to work hard, but when job vacancies are not scarce, they have to find effective ways … rewarding their staff in order to stop them … going elsewhere.

One obvious way of doing this is to offer extra money … employees who are seen to be working exceptionally hard and this is done in companies with a product to sell. For example, real estate agents or department stores can offer a simple commission … all sales.

This style of management favours people who can demonstrate their contribution through sales figures, but does not take into account the work done … people behind the scenes who have little contact with the public. A better approach is for management to offer a bonus … all the staff … the end of the year if the profits are healthy. This, however, does not allow management target individuals who have genuinely worked harder than others.

Another possibility is to identify excellent staff through incentive schemes such … ‘Employee of the Month’ or ‘Worker of the Week’ to make people feel recognised. Such people are usually singled out … the help of clients. Hotels, restaurants and tour operators may also allow staff to accept tips offered by clients who are pleased … service. However, tipping is a highly unreliable source of money and does not favour everyone.

Basically, employees want to be recognised … their contribution – whether through receiving more money or simply some encouraging words. They also need to feel that their contribution … the whole organisation is worthwhile. Good management recognises this need and responds appropriately.

Netherlands to classify high-potency cannabis as hard drug

Sceptics say move to group cannabis containing more than 15% THC with cocaine and ecstasy will be hard to enforce

The Dutch government has said it will move to classify high-potency cannabis alongside hard drugs such as cocaine and ecstasy, the latest step in the country's ongoing reversal of its liberal policies.

The decision means most of the cannabis now sold in Dutch coffee shops would have to be replaced by milder variants. But sceptics said the move would be difficult to enforce, and that it could simply lead many users to smoke more of the less potent weed.

Possession of cannabis is technically illegal in the Netherlands, but police do not prosecute people for possession of small amounts, and it is sold openly in designated cafes. Growers are routinely prosecuted if caught.

Maxime Verhagen, the economic affairs minister, said cannabis containing more than 15% of its main active chemical, THC, is so much stronger than what was common a generation ago that it should be considered a different drug entirely.

The high potency cannabis has "played a role in increasing public health damage ", he said at a press conference in The Hague.

The cabinet has not said when it will begin enforcing the rule.

Jeffrey Parsons, a psychologist at Hunter College in New York, who studies addiction, said the policy may not have the benefits the government is hoping for.

"If it encourages smoking an increased amount of low-concentration THC weed, it is likely to actually cause more harm than good," he said, citing the potential lung damage and cancer-causing effects of extra inhalation.

The Dutch justice ministry said it was up to cafes to regulate their own products and police will seize random samples for testing.

But Gerrit-Jan ten Bloomendal, spokesman for the Platform of Cannabis Businesses in the Netherlands, said implementing the plan would be difficult "if not impossible".

"How are we going to know whether a given batch exceeds 15% THC? For that matter, how would health inspectors know?" he said. He predicted a black market will develop for highly potent cannabis.

The ongoing Dutch crackdown on cannabis is part of a decade-long rethink of liberalism in general that has seen a third of the windows in Amsterdam's red light district closed and led the Netherlands to adopt some of the toughest immigration rules in Europe.

The number of licensed coffee houses has been reduced, and earlier this year the government announced plans to ban tourists from buying cannabis. That has been resisted by the city of Amsterdam, where the cafes selling cannabis are a major tourist draw.

What it's like to be young and looking for work in Britain

Living on benefits, moving back in with mum and dad, enduring unpaid internships - job seekers tell their stories

I have less and less belief the longer it goes on' James Lawson, 18, west London

I'm looking to become a trainee electrician, but it's really hard to find anything. I ring companies, email them, anything, but, so far, I've had no luck.

I went on an IT course last year, but it didn't really help me out like they said it would. I was quite disappointed. But earlier this year I passed a construction course with JTL [a training provider for the building and engineering sector].

Every morning, I spend time with Tomorrow's People [an employment charity working with marginalised adults and young people] volunteering. I hope this will help my CV and show I've got a bit of experience. In the afternoons, I spend my time looking for trainee schemes or a part-time job. The response I normally get back from electrical companies is: "Sorry, but we're not looking for an apprentice. " Or they want some experience. But I can't get any experience. It's like a trap.

I don't have any family to help me with my expenses. Tomorrow's People help me with bus fares, but I live in a London Cyrenians hostel at the moment with other 16- to 19-year-olds in the same situation. Some have jobs, a few don't seem bothered, but most are looking really hard. They just don't have any confidence that they will find one.

Having experience is more important than having the right qualifications, it seems. But even though I would work for free with an electrician to get experience they can't do this unless I've been through a trainee scheme first.

I just need a break to set up my future. I'm not sitting on my backside like some people think. I'm applying for a part-time job at Waitrose at the moment so I can hopefully show employers that I can work hard. My heart is set on being an electrician, but I can't hold out for ever. Maybe I'll give it another nine months. Once I turn 20, companies will be less likely to invest in me if I still can't show I've got experience. I have to keep believing it will happen for me, but I find I have less and less belief the longer it goes on.

We're all desperate – so many people are after jobs' Alex Moore, 22, Lincoln

Since graduating from Leicester in June, I've made about five-10 job applications a week. I must have done about 100 by now. I'm going for everything, really. With my sociology degree, I'm interested in social research and care work, so I've obviously applied for that sort of job. But I've also gone for retail positions, and I've looked at being a teaching assistant. I've had four interviews. At the last one, there were 120 applicants for just 20 jobs. And that was to work behind a bar.

Everyone's so desperate. Across every sector, there are just so many people applying for jobs. And in Lincoln, my local service has cut the bus service back, which makes it difficult for me to get into town for work.

The staff at the Jobcentre are always really friendly and helpful, but thanks to the cuts there's fewer of them, and so they're under a lot more pressure. Perhaps if they stopped cutting that kind of public service, the staff might be able to do a better job.

We also need to bring EMA back, so that more young people can go to college without financial burden. There should be job creation schemes that give people secure, properly paid jobs – rather than part-time ones. We need to re-open youth centres so that young people have places to go, and places to get support.

There's too much negative stereotyping of unemployed young people. They say we're lazy and slacking – and the constant barrage gets you down. I'm looking for work, and I'm getting constant rejections. My friends are all so downhearted because we can't get a job even though we've got all these qualifications and experiences.

That's why I'm currently marching from Jarrow to London. We're making a point. We're saying it's not fair that young people, every time there's a recession, have to pay for the crisis.

I'm moving back with my parents to help look after me' Lizzie Polack, 23, York

I have spent most of the summer applying for jobs, mainly in admin because I have experience in that, having worked for my university accommodation office. I did a biology degree, and then a diplomacy master’s degree, and I would like to go into international relations, but those kind of jobs require internships which I can't afford to do.

My idea was to do an admin job for a couple of years and save some cash, but the problem is when you apply for an admin job they all wonder why you're not applying for a politics job.

If I got a job where there was career progression I can see myself doing it for an extended period but it's just getting my foot on the block. At one interview, they said: 'You're obviously academic, why do you want this job?' It's frustrating when they say they don't think a job is good enough for you.

I'm moving back with my parents and they're going to help with looking after me, but I don't want to be a burden on them. I'm old enough to get a job and it's pathetic that I can't. I've never had any experience of working in a bar or restaurant but when I move out of home I'm going to try and get anything I can. It's not what I was hoping for but any job is better than no job.

There are 32 people after every job. How can I find work?' Rhys Harrison, 24, Pontypridd

I used to be a chef in America, but I came home to Pontypridd two years ago and haven't found a job since. I've applied for about 200-220 jobs in Pontypridd, Cardiff, Merthyr, and the valleys in general — but there's nothing happening. In Merthyr there are 32 people for every job, and in Cardiff there's nine. I have a chef's qualification, and a hygiene certificate that says I can safely work in any kitchen in Europe, but I've still had to broaden my search. I'm applying for supermarket work, cleaning – jobs that people with no qualifications can get. I've done some volunteer work with the Socialist party, and with my nan's church, but that's about it. I've had one or two interviews — but the last one was just to cut meat at a carvery. The most basic job in catering.

The people at the Jobcentre are on our side. But how can somebody find work when there's 32 people for every job? We need to start paying the minimum wage to people doing work apprenticeships and vocational degrees. We need to start giving people more than just part-time jobs. We need to build more houses for people so that they can move out of their parents' place and start buying things for their new homes. That'll contribute to the economy. But it seems the government would rather have young people stuck in their parents' house on 50 quid a week, or £6 a day, not doing anything.

I'm not an economist, but I think they should also lower the rates on special interest loans, and help people start their own businesses.

Looking for a job

Exercise 1: Answer the questions

1. Have you ever had a summer job/ part-time job? Was it well-paid? Did you work short hours? Did you have to work shifts?

2. What are the ups and downs of working for a big/small company?

3. In your opinion, which factors below are important for getting a job? Age/ sex/ appearance/ astrological sign/ contacts and connections/ experience/ family background/ handwriting/ hobbies/ intelligence/ marital status/ personality/ qualifications/ references/ sickness record/ blood group. What sort of information should you include in your CV?

4. Would you like to have a male or a female boss? Why? Should your boss be older or younger than you are?

5. What sort of people would you like to work with? Punctual/ reliable/ energetic/ hard-working/ humorous/ calm/ creative/ resourceful/ sensible?

6. What sort of clothes should/shouldn’t you wear to a job interview? What sort of questions are usually asked at a job interview?

7. Which of these do you think are the most important in a job?

chance of promotion good pay

comfortable working conditions good pension

company car health insurance

freedom interesting work

generous expenses responsibility

getting on well with your boss security

good holidays short hours

travelling working with nice people

8. Can you work in a team/ work under pressure/ work odd hours at short notice/ work in a fast-paced environment/ meet deadlines/ manage people?

9. Do you have good presentation skills/ excellent computer skills/ prior experience?

The great giveaway

Open courseware, where some of the world's best universities are offering free teaching, learning and research resources online, is a growing phenomenon. But will British universities embrace it?

Shola Adenekan reports /Wednesday January 17, 2007

In Nigeria, Kunle Adejumo, an engineering student at Ahmadu Bello University, is using print and video materials downloaded from an American university to prepare for an exam in metallurgical engineering. Thousands of miles away in France, Brigitte Bouissou, a teacher at an elementary school, is logging on to an internet video lecture being conducted by a professor of mathematics to prepare for the next day's lessons. Here in England, James Heywood, a 29-year-old web researcher, is solving his friend's computer security problems with knowledge gained from an online internet course run by a British university.

Welcome to the world of Open Courseware (OCW), where some of the best universities in the world are offering teaching, learning and research resources to education-hungry people across the globe. And the fees? Zero.

The OCW phenomenon began at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1999 by a faculty committee charged with looking at how the internet would change education and the role MIT would play. The committee considered how it might combine the institution's expertise and reputation with the internet's strength to deliver inexpensivecontent to a wide audience.

"That's when it occurred to us, why not just give our classroom's materials away?" says Anne Margulies, MIT's executive director of the OCW programme. "Such a giveaway would potentially provide educators around the world with tools they could use for their own instruction. Students at other institutions too will benefit from access to additional resources as might professionals in related fields. "

And it was a good move. The concept of distance learning is not new and with the growth in use of the internet, many of America's leading universities originally planned to make huge profit from the sale of their knowledge. By 2001, this idea had foundered in the face of the dotcom bust. Lecturers realised that they were not going to become rich on their royalties, and that their books and articles would probably be out of print within a decade.

In late 2001, MIT finally bit the bullet and boldly changed its model by launching the OCW initiative.

MIT's initiative has attracted worldwide attention with 1.4 million users from Darfur to Azerbaijan. Proponents say the main beneficiaries are those in the developing countries, where students cannot afford essential textbooks and universities lack enough resources to set up courses.

The main funding for most of these projects is coming from the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, the charity set up by the American entrepreneur William R Hewlett.

Now, the concept of OCW has arrived in the UK. And who better to pioneer it than the Open University (OU), which has four decades of creating materials that support the distance learner.

Since its launch, the OU's Open Learn has attracted more than 100,000 visitors with 7,000 registered users. "Yes, people are often surprised at the idea that we're giving away our crown jewel," says Andy Lane, the director of Open Learn. "For the first time, we are making some of our educational resources freely available online to anyone in the world. We are encouraging learners to become self-reliant but also to use online communities to support their learning. We are making it possible for educators to download and adapt our materials for their own purposes. All of this will teach us a huge amount about how people can learn and teach online."

So, what future challenges will educators face in an OCW-led world?

Candace Thille, the director of Open Learning Initiative at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, warns that sustaining this new trend requires results and that more studies of the impact of open education resources are needed.

It is a sentiment shared by Fredric M Litto, the director of the school of the future at Brazil's Sao Paulo University.

"Most universities today are unprepared for the changes society requires, they are not versatile or very adaptable," he says. "Most universities have still not perceived that the arrival of new information technologies totally changes the role of the institution and the educational process and those that cannot adapt to the changes due to institutional inertia will see their function turn obsolete, their financial basis destroyed, their technologies substituted and their role in scientific and intellectual research reduced. "

Exercise 1: True or False? Find sentences in the text to prove your point of view

1. Distance learning is only aimed at students at different institutions around the world.

2. A lot of universities are planning to make huge profit from the sale of their knowledge.

3. In the US, distance learning is predominantly a federally funded project.

4. You can use Open Courseware even if you live in Azerbaijan.

5. In the UK, the Open University has been creating materials for the distance learner for forty years.

Exercise 2: Match the synonyms

inexpensive follower

to go bust ten years

obsolete idea

concept rather cheap

decade to go bankrupt

proponent outdated

to launch to get

to gain to set up

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