|
Читайте также: |
ENG 114 UPPER-INTERMEDIATE LEVEL BUSINESS ENGLISH
Target VOCABULARY: ADVERTISING
Compiled by B.Jolamanova
| advertise (v) | to describe a product or service publicly in order to persuade people to buy or use it; to make sth publicly known esp. by placing a notice in a newspaper |
| advertisement (n): | a public notice offering or asking for goods, services, etc.; place, publish run an~; an advertisement for sth/sb; TV/radio/ outdoor ads |
| classified ad | small ads arranged in groups and placed in a newspaper by people wishing to buy or sell, employ sb, find a job, etc. |
| advertising agency | a company which produces/makes/designs ads |
| advertising campaign | a series of events organized for advertising a brand |
| subliminal advertising | when images appear very quickly during a television or cinema advertisement with effects that people are not conscious of |
| point-of-sale advertising | advertising for a product in places where it is sold |
| advertising by word-of-mouth | getting people buy sth upon their friends or colleagues' recommendation |
| advertising media | the main means of communicating with large numbers of people, like TV radio, newspapers, Internet |
| appeal for/against sth, to sb; | persuade sb to do sth /be sth by making them act in a particular way; be attractive or interesting to sb (appeal to sb’s sense of humour) |
| billboard (AE) | a large outdoor sign used for advertising, usually placed in a busy area; syn. Hoarding (BE) |
| commercial (n) | advertisement broadcast over radio or TV; a TV/radio commercial; to sponsor a commercial |
| commercial (adj.) | engaged in or concerned with commerce: activities, law, course, success; a commercial channel/radio station; commercial art; |
| commerce (n) | the activity of buying and selling goods or services |
| commercialize (v) | make or try to make money out of sth |
| commercialism | practices and attitudes that are too concerned with the making of profit |
| corporate identity | a unified look in all of the companies communications, logo, uniforms, letterheads |
| directory (phone book) | a book with alphabetical lists of people, businesses and their telephone numbers – telephone directory |
| endorse (v) | express support of sb or sth, esp.in public: endorce a proposal, an opinion, a brand, equipment, etc. |
| endorsement (n) | the act of expressing support of sb or sth, esp.in public |
| exhibit | show, display in a museum or another public place; exhibition (n), |
| celebrity endorsement (n) | advertising a particular product by exploiting the popularity of a celebrity |
| eye-catching (adj.) | attractive |
| "front-of-mind" product | the product which comes first to your mind when you need something of the kind |
| jingle | a short song or tune used in ads |
| leaflet | a printed sheet of paper, usually folded, that is provided free and gives information about sth. to drop, disseminate, pick up, distribute leaflets; conduct/hold/launch a mass leafleting campaign |
| market (n) | - a public place where people sell goods on tables called stalls; - trade in goods of a particular kind; - a group of people that a product is sold to; - the economic system in which prices salaries and the supply of goods are controlled by what and how much people buy |
| market leader | a product that has the highest sales/the biggest market share; cf.: market follower |
| market niche | an opportunity to sell sth that no one is selling |
| niche market | a market for a product or service, perhaps and expensive or unusual one, that does not have many buyer; ant. mass market |
| market maker (BrE) stock broker (AmE) | someone whose job is to buy and sell stocks and shares for other people on the stock market |
| market research | do, conduct/carry out market research |
| market segment | a separate part of the market; to target a market segment |
| marketable (adj.), | that can be sold because people want to buy it |
| marketing (adj.); | the ways in which a company encourages people to buy its products by deciding on price, type of customer, and advertising policy |
| direct marketing / mail (mailshot) | dissemination of ads through mail |
| marketing mix (four P’s: product, price, place and promotion) | selling the right product, through the appropriate distribution channels, at the right price, with the correct support in terms of advertising, sales force, etc. |
| persuade sb to do sth | to lead sb to do sth through reasoning or argument; cf with “convince sb” - to cause stb to believe that sth is the case; persuasion, persuasive |
| produce (v) | to make, manufacture, grow sth esp in large quantities and in order to sell it; producer (n) |
| produce (n), | fruit, vegetables and other things that farmers grow |
| product (n): | sth that is made, grown or obtained in large quantities so that it can be sold on a mass scale productive (adj.), production (n); |
| product placement | products appear in films, are used by film characters |
| product launch | starting to sell a new product or service to the public at large |
| product portfolio | a collection of samples of goods that a company produces; all of a company’s products considered as a group |
| publicity (n): | mass media attention; advertisement; information that makes people notice a person, product, etc. publication (n), public (adj.), publicly (adv), publicize (v); a publicity agent/ publicity campaign |
| prime (adj.) | most important, primary; of the highest quality |
| prime cost | the money needed for material and workers involved in making a product; compare: overhead expenses |
| prime time | the time in the evening when most people are watching TV, and the cost of advertising is at its most expensive |
| promote (v), | support or encourage sth; to attract people's attention to a product or event for example by advertising; promotion (n) promotional (adj.) |
| retail outlet/store | a shop or place where a particular product is sold to the public |
| sales promotion | an activity such as special advertisements or free gifts intended to sell a product or service |
| sales revenues | income from selling something |
| promotional techniques | ways and methods of promoting sth |
| sample (n) | a small amount of product that people can try in order to find out what it is like: distribute free samples; product sample |
| slogan (n) | - a short clever sentence or saying used in advertisement for a particular product: a catchy slogan; to coin a slogan; political/advertising/campaign slogan |
| sponsor (n): | - a person or business that pays money to support an event, radio or TV program, etc as a way to advertise their products/service; a sponsorship tie-up – an instance of two groups/companies joining together): sponsor (v), sponsorship (n), sponsored by (adj) |
| TV slot/ advertising slot | a particular time when a television program or advertisement is shown |
| target (n); | (syn.) aim, goal; The intended category of buyers that a product is meant for; target group/ customers |
| Targeting | -the policy of producing sth for a specific category of people and marketing one's product among such people; ads addressed to a particular category of people |
References:
1. David Cotton, David Falvey, Simon Kent - Market leader. Intermediate. Business Course. 2005;
2.Macmillan Dictionary for Advanced Learners, 2002;
3. Oxford Collocations dictionary for students of English, 2003;
4. Soule’s Dictionary of English Synonyms. 1981.
5. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. Oxford University Press, 1995
6. Morton Benson, Evelyn Benson Robert Ilson. The BBI Combinatory Dictionary of English. John Benjamins Publishing Company, Moscow 1990
Intermediate level Business English
Target vocabulary: Organisation
Done by Utelbayeva N.
| Item | Meaning | Collocations, derivatives | |
| accountability (n) | Responsibility, obligation to report to sb | a demand/need for ~, lack of ~, , ~ to sb for sth, enhance/improve/increase/strengthen ~, weaken/reduce ~ | |
| branch (n) | a division of a large organization | local/overseas ~, establish/open/set up/ close down a ~; cf: subsidiary, affiliate | |
| board of directors (n), (board) | the group of people who have power to make decisions and control a company or other organization | serve/sit/ be on a ~, a seat on the ~, put smth to/submit sth to the ~ | |
| benchmark (n) | something that can be used as a comparison to judge or measure other things | provide a ~, ~ against; serve as a, | |
| bureaucracy (n) | all the complicated rules and processes of an official system, especially when they are confusing or responsible for causing a delay | reduce/cut down, eliminate~, government/state /excessive, unnecessary ~, bureaucrat (n); bureaucratic (adj); syn red tape | |
| company | a business organization that makes money by producing or selling goods or services | state-owned/government-owned/nationalized/private/public/multi-national/joint-stock/ caring ~; create/found/start up/manage/operate/acquire/take over ~. | |
| call centre (n) | an office handling large numbers of telephone calls | locate/ operate ~ | |
| centralize (v) | concentrate (control or power) under a single authority | centralized (adj) - a highly ~ system of government; centralization (n): ~ of power; ant. decentralize | |
| conservative (adj) | averse to change or innovation and holding traditional values | ~principal/voter/candidate/person; be/become/remain~; extremely/profoundly/predominantly/fairly/relatively/essencially~; conservatism (n), conservatively (adv); ant. progressive | |
| corporation | a large business company | ~logo/image/profits/ladder/culture | |
| Chief executive officer | The top official of a company who has the most power and authority | be/be appointed (as)/become~; CEO (abbr) | |
| decentralize (v) | divide (a large organization) into smaller separate units | ~ the building industry; to be decentralized, decentralized authority/ administration; decentralization(n) | |
| democracy (n) | control of a group by the majority of its members | principles of ~, western~; democratic (adj): ~ values/reforms. ant. authoritarianism | |
| distribution | supply of goods to various people and locations | ~centre /costs; worldwide ~systems; marketing, sales and ~; distributional (adj) | |
| dynamic (adj,) | characterized by constant change and/or activity | be/seem/become/remain ~; highly/truly/increasingly/essentially~ | |
| enterprise | Ability imagination and desire to create or carry out new projects or activities; a business company or firm | A man of ~; show ~; a large-scale/small-scale/family/manufacturing/profitable ~; control/manage/run/ invest in an ~; small and medium enterprises (SME) | |
| franchise(n) | an arrangement in which a company gives a business the right to sell its goods or services in return for payment or a share of the profits | on a ~ basis, a ~ for sth; a~ agreement/company; a catering~; operate a ~; to give or sell a ~ to sb; franchising (n), franchisee (n); franchiser (n) | |
| headquarters(sing or pl) | the head office or main building of an organization | have/establish/set up the ~, corporate/company ~; headquartered (adj):be~syn. head office (n) | |
| hierarchy (n) | a multi-level structure arranged in order of rank | management ~; hierarchical (adj) society/structure/organization | |
| Incorporated | formed into a business company with legal status | Inc (abbr) | |
| Limited liabilities company(n) | a company whose owners in case of bankruptcy lose nothing but only the cost of their investments | Ltd (abbr); found/establish/set up//start up~ | |
| merger(n) | an occasion when two or more companies, organizations etc. join together to form a larger company etc. | ~goes through, ~between,~with sth; merge (v)- ~ with/into sth; ant demerge | |
| non-profit organization (not-for-profit organization AmE) | organization pursuing social, religious, cultural and other non-business aims (foundations, charities, etc.) | ~rely on volunteers; ~ encourage activities; ~ organize fund-raising | |
| outlet (n) | a point from which company goods are directly sold or distributed | ~ for, a high-street/local/commercial/ distribution/retail ~ | |
| parent company (n) | an organization or company which owns or controls not less than 51% of its subsidiaries | ~ expand/grow/go into liquidation; work for~; | |
| Public limited company | a company which shares can be sold to the public on the stock exchange | PLC (abbr); operate/manage/run~; ~ policy/profits | |
| subsidiary(n) | a company that is at least half-owned by another company | foreign/overseas ~; operate as ~; have/own/create/establish/form/set up/acquire/close a ~; subsidiary(adj): ~ company | |
| warehouse (n) | a large building where raw materials or manufactured goods are stored by a business | retail/wholesale~; ~ manager/staff |
Intermediate level Business English
Target vocabulary: Organisation
Done by Utelbayeva N.
| Item | Meaning | Collocations, derivatives | |
| accountability (n) | Responsibility, obligation to report to sb | a demand/need for ~, lack of ~, , ~ to sb for sth, enhance/improve/increase/strengthen ~, weaken/reduce ~ | |
| branch (n) | a division of a large organization | local/overseas ~, establish/open/set up/ close down a ~; cf: subsidiary, affiliate | |
| board of directors (n), (board) | the group of people who have power to make decisions and control a company or other organization | serve/sit/ be on a ~, a seat on the ~, put smth to/submit sth to the ~ | |
| benchmark (n) | something that can be used as a comparison to judge or measure other things | provide a ~, ~ against; serve as a, | |
| bureaucracy (n) | all the complicated rules and processes of an official system, especially when they are confusing or responsible for causing a delay | reduce/cut down, eliminate~, government/state /excessive, unnecessary ~, bureaucrat (n); bureaucratic (adj); syn red tape | |
| company | a business organization that makes money by producing or selling goods or services | state-owned/government-owned/nationalized/private/public/multi-national/joint-stock/ caring ~; create/found/start up/manage/operate/acquire/take over ~. | |
| call centre (n) | an office handling large numbers of telephone calls | locate/ operate ~ | |
| centralize (v) | concentrate (control or power) under a single authority | centralized (adj) - a highly ~ system of government; centralization (n): ~ of power; ant. decentralize | |
| conservative (adj) | averse to change or innovation and holding traditional values | ~principal/voter/candidate/person; be/become/remain~; extremely/profoundly/predominantly/fairly/relatively/essencially~; conservatism (n), conservatively (adv); ant. progressive | |
| corporation | a large business company | ~logo/image/profits/ladder/culture | |
| Chief executive officer | The top official of a company who has the most power and authority | be/be appointed (as)/become~; CEO (abbr) | |
| decentralize (v) | divide (a large organization) into smaller separate units | ~ the building industry; to be decentralized, decentralized authority/ administration; decentralization(n) | |
| democracy (n) | control of a group by the majority of its members | principles of ~, western~; democratic (adj): ~ values/reforms. ant. authoritarianism | |
| distribution | supply of goods to various people and locations | ~centre /costs; worldwide ~systems; marketing, sales and ~; distributional (adj) | |
| dynamic (adj,) | characterized by constant change and/or activity | be/seem/become/remain ~; highly/truly/increasingly/essentially~ | |
| enterprise | Ability imagination and desire to create or carry out new projects or activities; a business company or firm | A man of ~; show ~; a large-scale/small-scale/family/manufacturing/profitable ~; control/manage/run/ invest in an ~; small and medium enterprises (SME) | |
| franchise(n) | an arrangement in which a company gives a business the right to sell its goods or services in return for payment or a share of the profits | on a ~ basis, a ~ for sth; a~ agreement/company; a catering~; operate a ~; to give or sell a ~ to sb; franchising (n), franchisee (n); franchiser (n) | |
| headquarters(sing or pl) | the head office or main building of an organization | have/establish/set up the ~, corporate/company ~; headquartered (adj):be~syn. head office (n) | |
| hierarchy (n) | a multi-level structure arranged in order of rank | management ~; hierarchical (adj) society/structure/organization | |
| Incorporated | formed into a business company with legal status | Inc (abbr) | |
| Limited liabilities company(n) | a company whose owners in case of bankruptcy lose nothing but only the cost of their investments | Ltd (abbr); found/establish/set up//start up~ | |
| merger(n) | an occasion when two or more companies, organizations etc. join together to form a larger company etc. | ~goes through, ~between,~with sth; merge (v)- ~ with/into sth; ant demerge | |
| non-profit organization (not-for-profit organization AmE) | organization pursuing social, religious, cultural and other non-business aims (foundations, charities, etc.) | ~rely on volunteers; ~ encourage activities; ~ organize fund-raising | |
| outlet (n) | a point from which company goods are directly sold or distributed | ~ for, a high-street/local/commercial/ distribution/retail ~ | |
| parent company (n) | an organization or company which owns or controls not less than 51% of its subsidiaries | ~ expand/grow/go into liquidation; work for~; | |
| Public limited company | a company which shares can be sold to the public on the stock exchange | PLC (abbr); operate/manage/run~; ~ policy/profits | |
| subsidiary(n) | a company that is at least half-owned by another company | foreign/overseas ~; operate as ~; have/own/create/establish/form/set up/acquire/close a ~; subsidiary(adj): ~ company | |
| warehouse (n) | a large building where raw materials or manufactured goods are stored by a business | retail/wholesale~; ~ manager/staff |
Intermediate level Business English
Target vocabulary: Organisation
Done by Utelbayeva N.
| Item | Meaning | Collocations, derivatives | |
| accountability (n) | Responsibility, obligation to report to sb | a demand/need for ~, lack of ~, , ~ to sb for sth, enhance/improve/increase/strengthen ~, weaken/reduce ~ | |
| branch (n) | a division of a large organization | local/overseas ~, establish/open/set up/ close down a ~; cf: subsidiary, affiliate | |
| board of directors (n), (board) | the group of people who have power to make decisions and control a company or other organization | serve/sit/ be on a ~, a seat on the ~, put smth to/submit sth to the ~ | |
| benchmark (n) | something that can be used as a comparison to judge or measure other things | provide a ~, ~ against; serve as a, | |
| bureaucracy (n) | all the complicated rules and processes of an official system, especially when they are confusing or responsible for causing a delay | reduce/cut down, eliminate~, government/state /excessive, unnecessary ~, bureaucrat (n); bureaucratic (adj); syn red tape | |
| company | a business organization that makes money by producing or selling goods or services | state-owned/government-owned/nationalized/private/public/multi-national/joint-stock/ caring ~; create/found/start up/manage/operate/acquire/take over ~. | |
| call centre (n) | an office handling large numbers of telephone calls | locate/ operate ~ | |
| centralize (v) | concentrate (control or power) under a single authority | centralized (adj) - a highly ~ system of government; centralization (n): ~ of power; ant. decentralize | |
| conservative (adj) | averse to change or innovation and holding traditional values | ~principal/voter/candidate/person; be/become/remain~; extremely/profoundly/predominantly/fairly/relatively/essencially~; conservatism (n), conservatively (adv); ant. progressive | |
| corporation | a large business company | ~logo/image/profits/ladder/culture | |
| Chief executive officer | The top official of a company who has the most power and authority | be/be appointed (as)/become~; CEO (abbr) | |
| decentralize (v) | divide (a large organization) into smaller separate units | ~ the building industry; to be decentralized, decentralized authority/ administration; decentralization(n) | |
| democracy (n) | control of a group by the majority of its members | principles of ~, western~; democratic (adj): ~ values/reforms. ant. authoritarianism | |
| distribution | supply of goods to various people and locations | ~centre /costs; worldwide ~systems; marketing, sales and ~; distributional (adj) | |
| dynamic (adj,) | characterized by constant change and/or activity | be/seem/become/remain ~; highly/truly/increasingly/essentially~ | |
| enterprise | Ability imagination and desire to create or carry out new projects or activities; a business company or firm | A man of ~; show ~; a large-scale/small-scale/family/manufacturing/profitable ~; control/manage/run/ invest in an ~; small and medium enterprises (SME) | |
| franchise(n) | an arrangement in which a company gives a business the right to sell its goods or services in return for payment or a share of the profits | on a ~ basis, a ~ for sth; a~ agreement/company; a catering~; operate a ~; to give or sell a ~ to sb; franchising (n), franchisee (n); franchiser (n) | |
| headquarters(sing or pl) | the head office or main building of an organization | have/establish/set up the ~, corporate/company ~; headquartered (adj):be~syn. head office (n) | |
| hierarchy (n) | a multi-level structure arranged in order of rank | management ~; hierarchical (adj) society/structure/organization | |
| Incorporated | formed into a business company with legal status | Inc (abbr) | |
| Limited liabilities company(n) | a company whose owners in case of bankruptcy lose nothing but only the cost of their investments | Ltd (abbr); found/establish/set up//start up~ | |
| merger(n) | an occasion when two or more companies, organizations etc. join together to form a larger company etc. | ~goes through, ~between,~with sth; merge (v)- ~ with/into sth; ant demerge | |
| non-profit organization (not-for-profit organization AmE) | organization pursuing social, religious, cultural and other non-business aims (foundations, charities, etc.) | ~rely on volunteers; ~ encourage activities; ~ organize fund-raising | |
| outlet (n) | a point from which company goods are directly sold or distributed | ~ for, a high-street/local/commercial/ distribution/retail ~ | |
| parent company (n) | an organization or company which owns or controls not less than 51% of its subsidiaries | ~ expand/grow/go into liquidation; work for~; | |
| Public limited company | a company which shares can be sold to the public on the stock exchange | PLC (abbr); operate/manage/run~; ~ policy/profits | |
| subsidiary(n) | a company that is at least half-owned by another company | foreign/overseas ~; operate as ~; have/own/create/establish/form/set up/acquire/close a ~; subsidiary(adj): ~ company | |
| warehouse (n) | a large building where raw materials or manufactured goods are stored by a business | retail/wholesale~; ~ manager/staff |
Intermediate level Business English
Target vocabulary: Organisation
Done by Utelbayeva N.
| Item | Meaning | Collocations, derivatives | |
| accountability (n) | Responsibility, obligation to report to sb | a demand/need for ~, lack of ~, , ~ to sb for sth, enhance/improve/increase/strengthen ~, weaken/reduce ~ | |
| branch (n) | a division of a large organization | local/overseas ~, establish/open/set up/ close down a ~; cf: subsidiary, affiliate | |
| board of directors (n), (board) | the group of people who have power to make decisions and control a company or other organization | serve/sit/ be on a ~, a seat on the ~, put smth to/submit sth to the ~ | |
| benchmark (n) | something that can be used as a comparison to judge or measure other things | provide a ~, ~ against; serve as a, | |
| bureaucracy (n) | all the complicated rules and processes of an official system, especially when they are confusing or responsible for causing a delay | reduce/cut down, eliminate~, government/state /excessive, unnecessary ~, bureaucrat (n); bureaucratic (adj); syn red tape | |
| company | a business organization that makes money by producing or selling goods or services | state-owned/government-owned/nationalized/private/public/multi-national/joint-stock/ caring ~; create/found/start up/manage/operate/acquire/take over ~. | |
| call centre (n) | an office handling large numbers of telephone calls | locate/ operate ~ | |
| centralize (v) | concentrate (control or power) under a single authority | centralized (adj) - a highly ~ system of government; centralization (n): ~ of power; ant. decentralize | |
| conservative (adj) | averse to change or innovation and holding traditional values | ~principal/voter/candidate/person; be/become/remain~; extremely/profoundly/predominantly/fairly/relatively/essencially~; conservatism (n), conservatively (adv); ant. progressive | |
| corporation | a large business company | ~logo/image/profits/ladder/culture | |
| Chief executive officer | The top official of a company who has the most power and authority | be/be appointed (as)/become~; CEO (abbr) | |
| decentralize (v) | divide (a large organization) into smaller separate units | ~ the building industry; to be decentralized, decentralized authority/ administration; decentralization(n) | |
| democracy (n) | control of a group by the majority of its members | principles of ~, western~; democratic (adj): ~ values/reforms. ant. authoritarianism | |
| distribution | supply of goods to various people and locations | ~centre /costs; worldwide ~systems; marketing, sales and ~; distributional (adj) | |
| dynamic (adj,) | characterized by constant change and/or activity | be/seem/become/remain ~; highly/truly/increasingly/essentially~ | |
| enterprise | Ability imagination and desire to create or carry out new projects or activities; a business company or firm | A man of ~; show ~; a large-scale/small-scale/family/manufacturing/profitable ~; control/manage/run/ invest in an ~; small and medium enterprises (SME) | |
| franchise(n) | an arrangement in which a company gives a business the right to sell its goods or services in return for payment or a share of the profits | on a ~ basis, a ~ for sth; a~ agreement/company; a catering~; operate a ~; to give or sell a ~ to sb; franchising (n), franchisee (n); franchiser (n) | |
| headquarters(sing or pl) | the head office or main building of an organization | have/establish/set up the ~, corporate/company ~; headquartered (adj):be~syn. head office (n) | |
| hierarchy (n) | a multi-level structure arranged in order of rank | management ~; hierarchical (adj) society/structure/organization | |
| Incorporated | formed into a business company with legal status | Inc (abbr) | |
| Limited liabilities company(n) | a company whose owners in case of bankruptcy lose nothing but only the cost of their investments | Ltd (abbr); found/establish/set up//start up~ | |
| merger(n) | an occasion when two or more companies, organizations etc. join together to form a larger company etc. | ~goes through, ~between,~with sth; merge (v)- ~ with/into sth; ant demerge | |
| non-profit organization (not-for-profit organization AmE) | organization pursuing social, religious, cultural and other non-business aims (foundations, charities, etc.) | ~rely on volunteers; ~ encourage activities; ~ organize fund-raising | |
| outlet (n) | a point from which company goods are directly sold or distributed | ~ for, a high-street/local/commercial/ distribution/retail ~ | |
| parent company (n) | an organization or company which owns or controls not less than 51% of its subsidiaries | ~ expand/grow/go into liquidation; work for~; | |
| Public limited company | a company which shares can be sold to the public on the stock exchange | PLC (abbr); operate/manage/run~; ~ policy/profits | |
| subsidiary(n) | a company that is at least half-owned by another company | foreign/overseas ~; operate as ~; have/own/create/establish/form/set up/acquire/close a ~; subsidiary(adj): ~ company | |
| warehouse (n) | a large building where raw materials or manufactured goods are stored by a business | retail/wholesale~; ~ manager/staff |
Intermediate level Business English
Target vocabulary: Organisation
Done by Utelbayeva N.
| Item | Meaning | Collocations, derivatives | |
| accountability (n) | Responsibility, obligation to report to sb | a demand/need for ~, lack of ~, , ~ to sb for sth, enhance/improve/increase/strengthen ~, weaken/reduce ~ | |
| branch (n) | a division of a large organization | local/overseas ~, establish/open/set up/ close down a ~; cf: subsidiary, affiliate | |
| board of directors (n), (board) | the group of people who have power to make decisions and control a company or other organization | serve/sit/ be on a ~, a seat on the ~, put smth to/submit sth to the ~ | |
| benchmark (n) | something that can be used as a comparison to judge or measure other things | provide a ~, ~ against; serve as a, | |
| bureaucracy (n) | all the complicated rules and processes of an official system, especially when they are confusing or responsible for causing a delay | reduce/cut down, eliminate~, government/state /excessive, unnecessary ~, bureaucrat (n); bureaucratic (adj); syn red tape | |
| company | a business organization that makes money by producing or selling goods or services | state-owned/government-owned/nationalized/private/public/multi-national/joint-stock/ caring ~; create/found/start up/manage/operate/acquire/take over ~. | |
| call centre (n) | an office handling large numbers of telephone calls | locate/ operate ~ | |
| centralize (v) | concentrate (control or power) under a single authority | centralized (adj) - a highly ~ system of government; centralization (n): ~ of power; ant. decentralize | |
| conservative (adj) | averse to change or innovation and holding traditional values | ~principal/voter/candidate/person; be/become/remain~; extremely/profoundly/predominantly/fairly/relatively/essencially~; conservatism (n), conservatively (adv); ant. progressive | |
| corporation | a large business company | ~logo/image/profits/ladder/culture | |
| Chief executive officer | The top official of a company who has the most power and authority | be/be appointed (as)/become~; CEO (abbr) | |
| decentralize (v) | divide (a large organization) into smaller separate units | ~ the building industry; to be decentralized, decentralized authority/ administration; decentralization(n) | |
| democracy (n) | control of a group by the majority of its members | principles of ~, western~; democratic (adj): ~ values/reforms. ant. authoritarianism | |
| distribution | supply of goods to various people and locations | ~centre /costs; worldwide ~systems; marketing, sales and ~; distributional (adj) | |
| dynamic (adj,) | characterized by constant change and/or activity | be/seem/become/remain ~; highly/truly/increasingly/essentially~ | |
| enterprise | Ability imagination and desire to create or carry out new projects or activities; a business company or firm | A man of ~; show ~; a large-scale/small-scale/family/manufacturing/profitable ~; control/manage/run/ invest in an ~; small and medium enterprises (SME) | |
| franchise(n) | an arrangement in which a company gives a business the right to sell its goods or services in return for payment or a share of the profits | on a ~ basis, a ~ for sth; a~ agreement/company; a catering~; operate a ~; to give or sell a ~ to sb; franchising (n), franchisee (n); franchiser (n) | |
| headquarters(sing or pl) | the head office or main building of an organization | have/establish/set up the ~, corporate/company ~; headquartered (adj):be~syn. head office (n) | |
| hierarchy (n) | a multi-level structure arranged in order of rank | management ~; hierarchical (adj) society/structure/organization | |
| Incorporated | formed into a business company with legal status | Inc (abbr) | |
| Limited liabilities company(n) | a company whose owners in case of bankruptcy lose nothing but only the cost of their investments | Ltd (abbr); found/establish/set up//start up~ | |
| merger(n) | an occasion when two or more companies, organizations etc. join together to form a larger company etc. | ~goes through, ~between,~with sth; merge (v)- ~ with/into sth; ant demerge | |
| non-profit organization (not-for-profit organization AmE) | organization pursuing social, religious, cultural and other non-business aims (foundations, charities, etc.) | ~rely on volunteers; ~ encourage activities; ~ organize fund-raising | |
| outlet (n) | a point from which company goods are directly sold or distributed | ~ for, a high-street/local/commercial/ distribution/retail ~ | |
| parent company (n) | an organization or company which owns or controls not less than 51% of its subsidiaries | ~ expand/grow/go into liquidation; work for~; | |
| Public limited company | a company which shares can be sold to the public on the stock exchange | PLC (abbr); operate/manage/run~; ~ policy/profits | |
| subsidiary(n) | a company that is at least half-owned by another company | foreign/overseas ~; operate as ~; have/own/create/establish/form/set up/acquire/close a ~; subsidiary(adj): ~ company | |
| warehouse (n) | a large building where raw materials or manufactured goods are stored by a business | retail/wholesale~; ~ manager/staff |
Дата добавления: 2015-10-28; просмотров: 127 | Нарушение авторских прав
| <== предыдущая страница | | | следующая страница ==> |
| Комплексна перевірка –це всебічна ревізіястану безпеки і умов праці на підприємстві, яка проводиться терміном до 10 діб. | | | Судебная система РФ: Организация отдельных видов судов |