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Fenses
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Used for something which...
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Pattern
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Key Words
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Examples
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| Present
| simple
| happens every day
and for facts
| o / - (e)s
do does
| always seldom every day
usually rarely every week
often hardly ever
sometimes never every year
| I study_ every day.
The sun rises in the east and
sets in the west.
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| Progressive
| is happening at this time
|  am
is be+-ing
are
| now at present
right now this year
at the moment this week
today these days
| I am studying now.
It is raining at the moment and we are waiting for the bus.
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| Perfect
| has happened and the results or effect are still with us
| has +-ed
have
| yet ever recently
just never lately already
since
| I have just finished my work. We have lived in New York since February. He hasn’t smoked since that time. She has worked here for several years.
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| Perfect
Progressive
| has been happening, started in the past and is still going on.
| has
been+-ing
have
| for so far up to now
since lately all day all week
| She has been studying for two hours.
I have been working a lot lately.
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| Past
| Simple
| happened at a time mentioned in the past.
| -ed
did
| yesterday in 1999
last week
two years ago
| I studied yesterday.
He finished his work at 9:00 last night.
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| Progressive
| started at a certain time in the past, was in progress a definite time in the past and is over now
| was
be+ -ing
were
| at 7 o’ clock while
then when
at that time
between 7 and 9 o’clock last night
| I was studying while my brother was watching TV.
We were studying yesterday when you called
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| Perfect
| had happened before something else happened in the past
| had+ -ed
| when by the time
before after
| I had finished my work when you called.
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| Perfect
Progressive
| has been happening before something else happened
| had been + ing
| for when
before after
| I had been studying for two hours when you called.
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| Future
| Simple
| will happen
in the future
| shall
+ verb
will
| tonight in... hours soon
tomorrow in... days next week
the day after tomorrow in future
| I will study tomorrow.
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| Progressive
| will be happening at a time
mentioned in the future
| shall
 be + ing
will
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| He will be playing tennis this time tomorrow.
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| Perfect
| is going to happen in future
| shall
have +ed
will
| by (a future time)
| I will have finished work by 6 o’clock tonight.
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| With going to
| is going to happen in the future
| am
is going to
are
| tonight next month
tomorrow
soon
| We are going to study tonight.
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