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1. What is the name of your home tow? 2. What are the most interesting sights of your town? 3. What is you favourite place of interest in Mogilev? 4. What is you favourite museum? theatre? cinema? 5. Have you ever been to Minsk? 6. Do you know any place of interest in Minsk? 7. What place of interest in Minsk would you like to see?
II. Read the text below. Pick out the words referring to getting around the town.
People use various means of communication to get from one place to another. When getting about town one can go by bus, by tram, by trolley-bus or by the underground. The underground in Minsk is very popular with the citizens. It’s the fastest and most convenient way of going about town. If you have to travel a short distance you may take a bus, a tram, a trolley-bus or go on foot. If there is no direct bus to your destination you’ll have to change on to another bus (trolley-bus). When we travel on buses (trams) we have to pay fare. It’s 220 roubles and it doesn’t depend on the distance you go.
If there are many cars, buses and trolley-buses in the town we say that the traffic is heavy. If the vehicles are few we say that the traffic is light. The traffic is especially heavy in the rush hour, that is in the morning when people are hurrying to work and in the evening when people are coming back home. At this time the public transport is overcrowded (packed to the full).
III. Read and translate the following street signs and inscriptions.
Department Store, Supermarket, Shop, Post Office, Cinema-house, Soft drinks, Bank, Snack Bar, Bakery, Grocery, Concert Hall, Exhibition Hall, Canteen, Cafeteria, Restaurant, Periodicals, Show Sale, Chemist’s, First Aid, Picture Gallery, Fine Arts Museum, Drama and Comedy Theatre, Florist’s, Library, Hairdresser’s.
IV. Find the Russian sentence in the right-hand column which is close in meaning to the English sentence in the left-hand column:
| 1. Go straight as far as the first turning to the left. 2. Take a № 2 bus. 3. You should get off at the next stop but one (two). 4. Ask the conductor (the drive) to put you down in Sadovaya street. 5. A № 56 bus will take you right there. 6. It’s a five minutes’ walk from here. 7. It’s just round the corner. 8. I’m afraid it’s a long way from here. 9. It’s very far from here. 10. It’s just two steps from here. 11. You’d better go by the underground. 12. Get off in Theatre square and change on to a number 2 bus. 13. Take the second turning to the left. 14. Go straight ahead till you come to Anichkov bridge. 15. Are you getting off at the next stop? 16. There is some room in the middle. 17. All fare, please. 18. Move to the front, please. | I. Вы выходите на следующей остановке? II. Проходите вперед, пожалуйста. III. Сойдите на Театральной площади и садитесь на автобус № 2. IV. Это прямо за углом. V. Вам нужно выйти через остановку. VI. Боюсь, что это далеко отсюда. VII. Садитесь на «двойку». VIII. Идите прямо до первого поворота направо. IX. Попросите водителя сказать вам, где нужно выйти, чтобы попасть на Садовую улицу. X. Это в пяти минутах ходьбы отсюда. XI. Вам лучше проехать на метро. XII. В середине есть место. XIII. Это в двух шагах отсюда. XIV. Платите за проезд, пожалуйста. XV. Идите прямо до Аничкина моста. XVI. Второй поворот налево. XVII. Отсюда очень далеко. XVIII. 56 автобус довезет вас прямо туда. |
V. Listen to the following dialogue and repeat it after the speaker.
1. Excuse me, can you tell me the way to Trafalgar square?
2. Certainly. Go down Regent street to Picadilly Circus and then go down the Haymarket. Turn to the left at the bottom and in less than a minute you’ll be in Trafalgar square.
3. Thank you very much. How far is it from here?
4. If you walk, it’ll take you ten minutes or a quarter of an hour.
5. Is there a bus?
6. There’s sure to be. but you’d better ask the policeman over there. He’ll give you all the information you want.
7. Thank you.
8. Excuse me, officer, is there a bus from here to Trafalgar square?
9. Yes, sir, any bus will take you. There’s a bus stop just over there. Ask the conductor to put you down at Trafalgar square.
VI. Make up short dialogues according to the example. Use the words from exercises IV and V.
Example: – Could you tell me the way to the nearest …
– Yes, of course. Go down …
VII. Read and translate the following texts.
From the History of Mogilev.
According to a chronicle Mogilev is considered to be founded in 1267.
There are many versions about the origin of its name. One of them says, that the town Mogilev took its name after the prince Lev Danilovich Mogiya, the founder of the Mogilev Castle.
But many historians suppose that the name of the town is associated with the name of the Polotsk Prince Lev Vladimirovich or Lev Moguchy (Mighty). One more version says that long ago in a thick forest there lived two atamans with their detachments. Their names were Gvozd and Mogila. Later on at the place where Gvozd was buried a new settlement appeared. It was on the bank of the river Dnieper, at present the City Hospital is situated here. This spot of land once was called Gvozdovka. And the place where the other ataman Mogila was buried, was called Mogila. It was the place of the foundation of The Mogilev Castle.
Almost everybody in our republic knows the poem by Yanka Kupala “The Lion’s Grave” where he tells the story about a young man Masheko, who was very powerful, as powerful as a lion. After his death people made up a hill over his grave and called it “The Lion’s Grave”. The spot of land where Masheko was buried was called Mashekovka. Maybe the name of Masheko gave rise to the name of the city of Mogilev.
In spite of the fact that officially Mogilev is considered to be founded in 1267 many history investigators suppose, that the first settlers appeared in Mogilev in the 9-15th centuries. It was the Balts who first appeared in Mogilev. But after some time they were forced out by Slavonic tribes: Krivichy, Dryhvichy, Radzimichy. It was the Dryhvichy who colonized the territory of Mogilev. They adopted Christianity instead of Pagan religion.
As the main way of communication between people was rivers at that time, the banks of the river Dnieper were a favourable place for the first settlers. The deep-watered river Dnieper was surrounded by thick forests. The first settlers began to fall trees and settle along the high right bank of the river. The main occupations of the first settlers were fishing, hunting, cattle-breeding and boat-building.
The favourable situation the along water promoted quick development of a trade and the town. The deep waters of the river were a good place for boats. Especially its tributary, surrounded by thick leaf-bearing forests, mainly oaks, was a good place for boats. Later on, the tributary of the river began to be called Dubravenka because of the oaks, surrounding its banks, called Dubrava.
Many newcomers, sailing up and down the river paid their attention to the banks of the river and the first settlement and they began to settle there too, expanding its territory.
As time went on, the central place of the settling became the place of present Ordzhonikidze Square, Boldina Street and the place of Gorky Park.
The trade with Kiev Rus and Western countries began to develop. The town became an important centre of a trade.
The spot of land near Gorky Park became the main place not only for a trade, but for all business life of the town. It was called Trade Square, now Sovetskaya Square.
From the times immemorial Mogilev as a territory has been the gateway to Russia from Western countries. For this reason it was many a time attacked and occupied by all sorts of aggressors. Its population suffered greatly from Russian feudals, Lithuanian, Polish, Swedish, German, French and other invaders.
Mogilev Castle and all nearby territory were in the property of Russian Princes till 1320. It was the principality of Vitebsk Princes.
But when Lithuanian feudal lords occupied the Western Russian lands, Mogilev Castle with its nearby territory became the property of Great Lithuanian Princes.
From 1318 it was the property of Polish kings. At the beginning of the 15th century Mogilev became the property of the princess Yadviga – the wife of the Polish king Yagailo.
From 1503-1514 it was the property of Helena, the wife of the King and the Great Lithuanian Prince Alexander Kazimirovich.
Till 1526 Mogilev had the Status of Mogilev Castle. After 1526 it received the Right of the City – as a result of its economic development. In January 1577 Mogilev received the Right of Self-governing – the Great Magderburg Right.
Historically the town’s culture and language were greatly influenced by Russian, Lithuanian and Polish culture and language.
In the 18th century the territory of Mogilev appeared under Russian governing. In 1772 Mogilev Gubernia (Province) was formed.
During its history Mogilev suffered bitterly from wars between Russian Princes, from Northern Wars 1700-1721, from the attacks of Napoleon troops in 1812, from the troops of Kaizer Germany in 1918 and Fascist Germany in 1941-1945.
The 20th century became the witness of two devastating wars: the Civil War and the Great Patriotic War. Perfidious attacks of fascist troops ruined the town’s industry, houses, historical monuments, annihilated its peaceful citizens.
The Soviet Army and peaceful population had been defending courageously their native town for 23 days. But the forces were unequal. The town faded and was occupied by the enemy, but its citizens continued their struggle in Partisan Units and Clandestine Organizations. Many of them perished at the hands of the enemy.
At last the glorious day of the victory came. The citizens began to rebuild their town. Its industry and economy were developing at a great rate.
Mogilev.
Mogilev is a regional city of the Republic of Belarus. It lies on the picturesque river Dnieper, Eastern part of the republic. Its population is about 400 thousand people.
It is one of the largest industrial centres of the republic. A great number of industrial enterprises produce automobiles, agricultural machines, scrapers, lifts, electric devices, synthetic and artificial fibres, silk fabrics, foot-wear and other goods. Many industrial and agricultural products are exported to many countries.
Mogilev is an educational and cultural centre. Four higher educational establishments train specialists for public education, industry and agriculture. There is also a great number of vocational and special technical schools, 43 secondary schools, several gymnasiums and lyceums.
Many libraries both for adults and children are at the disposal of Mogilev citizens. There are two theatres: Drama and Puppet Theatre, many cinemas, Palaces of Culture where people can spend their free time. If one wants to know about the historical past of the city he may visit some museums such as Historical Museum, the Museum of Ethnography and others.
Mogilev is a great transport centre. There are two railway stations, a bus station and an airport. The airport is in the suburbs of the city.
8. Find synonyms to the following words in the previous texts:
| a. spare time b. province | c. heathen d. enlarge | e. kill f. destructive | g. die h. rapidly | i. vehicle j. products |
9. Ask your group-mates about:
1. The origin of the name “Mogilev”.
2. The first tribes in Mogilev.
3. The occupation of the first settlers.
4. The development of a trade with other countries.
5. The main trade place in Mogilev.
6. The occupation of Mogilev and its nearby territories by foreign invaders.
7. The development of the town’s culture and industry.
8. The present life of the city.
Read the dialogues and find out the facts you are interested in.
Nick: Hallo, Pete! I’m glad you’ve come. How are you?
Pete: Quite well, thank you. And how are you?
Nick: Very well indeed, thanks. You’ve met your friend Krotov, haven’t you? He’s staying with you for the week end, isn’t he?
Pete: Oh, yes. He’s come to our town on a business trip and tomorrow we are going to have a long walk about the town.
*****
Krotov: Good morning, Pete. What a fine morning.
Pete: Good morning. It’s lovely weather indeed. Just like spring.
Krotov: O, look at that view. Let’s walk over there and have a look at that monument.
Pete: A good idea. We’ll start our excursion from that place. There’ a wonderful view of our town from this hill. Just to the right there’s Gorky park and the Local History Museum nearby. After the Revolution of 1917 it housed the Headquarters of the 16th Army, where Sergo Ordzhonikidze, a member of the Revolutionary War Council, guided the struggle against the white Poles. The soldiers of the armoured detachment killed in the fierce battle of June 4, 1920 were buried here in the oldest square of the town “Sovetskaya”. A majestic monument was set up to honour the memory of both the fighters for Soviet power and the soldiers fallen in the battles in the years of the Great Patriotic War. The Eternal Flame is burning at the foot of this monument to commemorate their memory.
Krotov: As I understand the oldest square in your town began to be called “Sovetskaya” after the Revilution. But how was it called before these events? It may be connected with the history of your town in some way?
Pete: Yes, you are quite right. Formerly it was called Trade Square (Torgovaya). At an early history of Mogilev it was the main place of trade. Trade rows stretched as far as the site where the cinema “Zorka” is situated. In the centre of the square not far from the monument there was the building of the Town Ratusha and a special place for punishment of different kinds of criminals: thieves, murderers, robbers and those other people who committed crimes. They were tied to the high wooden pole, the so called “Pole of Shame” and punished there.
Krotov: Can you fined any remains of that building “Ratusha” anywhere?
Pete: Unfortunately, very few of the historical monuments remained in Mogilev. Let’s go down nearer to Boldina Street and Ordzhonikidze Square. Nearby there is Theatre Square. Can you see this magnificent building? It’s the Drama Theatre, built in 1889. A few metres of walk and we’ll get to the central Pervomaiskaya Street, former it was called “Shklovskaya”.
Krotov: I think Pervomaiskaya Street is the longest and the most beautiful one in your town.
Pete: If you don’t mind let’s walk along Lenin Street. Long ago it was called “Vetrenaya”. As you see many houses of old style architecture still have remained here. Have a look! Do you see this fascinating building? It’s Belynitsky-Birulya Museum. The building itself dates back to the 16th century. The owner of this house was the merchant Onoshko. It happened so, that an important historical event took place in this house. Being the best two-storied stone building at those times in this town, it became the place of residence of Austrian emperor Josef II during his stay in Mogilev in 1780. He lived there under the name of Count Filkinstain. It is known, that in 1780 the Russian tsarine Katherine II and the Austrian emperor Josef II came to Mogilev on a secret mission. As for Katherine II she lived in a beautiful wooden palace, specially built for her residence. It was situated not far from the site of the present cinema “Zorka”. No remains of this building are left nowadays.
The residence of Josef II became the place of secret meetings with Katherine II. And it was there when in 1781 the historical Russia-Austrian Agreement (treaty) was concluded. According to this Agreement Austria supported Russia in the war against Turkey. As a result in 1783 Russia gained the Crimea and the city of Sebastopol was founded.
From those time this building served for many other purposes. At present the building was restored and its former appearance was slightly changed.
During the visit of Josef II in Mogilev Katherine II laid the foundation of a stone church “Josef’s Cathedral”. It was the church of unique architecture. The interior was decorate with wonderful rare frescos and icons. In post revolutionary time this Cathedral was blown up.
By the way I want to inform you about one more curious historical fact, connected with ST. Nikolai Church. In 1607 Dmitry Nagoi, who was also known as Lzhedmitry lived in this church and here he taught children and after some time he called himself the Tsar of Russia and started to Moscow.
Krotov: Marvelous! What an eventful past of your town! As far as I know your town has something to do with the Decembrists.
Pete: Oh, yes. If you don’t mind I’ll show you the building where 70 Decembrists, participants of the Decembrists’ Uprising, were interrogated. It’s the house № 6 in Pervomaiskaya Street. Among the interrogated Decembrists there were such well-known people as Nikolay Ivanovich Raevsky, the count captain Musin-Pushkin, Bestuzhev-Rumin and many other outstanding people.
Krotov: I wonder, I saw the monument to Pushkin in your town near the cinema “Kosmos”. Was it erected because of the great love for the poet?
Pete: In 1829 A.S. Pushkin visited Mogilev on the way from Odessa to the place of his exile, the village of Michailovskoe. He dropped here at the post office station and stayed for some days in the hotel “Tula”. We can’t find the remains of both the station and the hotel. It was situated nearby the present grocery “Teatralny”.
Krotov: Thank you very much. I think we’ve earned a rest after all this sightseeing. Let’s go and have some coffee.
Pete: You haven’t seen much in the town. It’s only a short excursion into the past. Tomorrow we are to see more sights. We may go on a sightseeing tour, if you don’t mind.
Krotov: That’ll be great!
Find answers to the following questions.
a. Where is Mogilev Local Museum situated?
b. What can you say about the history of one of the oldest places in Mogilev Sovetskaya Square?
c. What can you say about the main central streets in the town?
d. What historical places can you find in Lenin Street and Ordzhonikidze Square?
e. What historical events took place in Mogilev?
f. What historical monuments disappeared in the town during its history?
g. What outstanding people visited Mogilev in the past?
Part VII. food and meals
Introductory text.
American Food.
Americans have a wider assortment of foods to choose from than customers in any other country. Meats, fish, fruits, vegetables, nuts, cereals from various parts of the nation are available throughout the country during any season of the year. Frequently, the problem for the customer is not the lack of variety of brands of food, but rather the bewildering assortment from which one must choose. In addition, the customer can choose from foods that are fresh, frozen, canned and cooked or uncooked. Currently, virtually all food stores have available a wide array of frozen foods especially prepared to be heated or cooked in a microwave oven.
The microwave oven has revolutionized the home preparation of meals. It, along with the supermarket, where virtually any kind of foods are available, make the preparation of food the most time-efficient in the world. A family can make only one trip a week to the supermarket to purchase its food needs for an entire week.
Since the 1950s fast-food and take-out restaurants have had a phenomenal proliferation, first in the US, and more recently throughout the world. The first fast-food chains like McDonalds, Burger King, Arby’s and Wendy’s which offer sandwiches, hamburgers, French-fried potatoes, hot dogs, pizzas, pancakes, chili and fried chicken, have been joined by other chains some of which offer Mexican, Chinese and other ethnic foods. The cost of the food in such restaurants is frequently cheaper than if one wanted to prepare similar food in one’s kitchen. Consequently, an entire family may frequently go to eat at fast-food places for convenience and economy.
A more recent development in the American food industry has been the demand for healthier foods. The food industry has made available a wide variety of low-fat dairy and meat products. Animals are now being scientifically bred to produce lean meat. Even low fat cheeses and ice-creams are being produced. Vegetable, fruit and cereal consumption is increasing. A second demand is for foods grown and produced free of fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides. This has led to the development of an “organic food” industry. Of course, the cost of organic foods is substantially higher than for non-organic food. The market for organic food has nevertheless been expanding.
a. Comprehension questions:
i. What problem do American consumers face when buying food?
ii. How often does a family visit a supermarket to purchase its food for a week?
iii. What is the secret of success of fast-food and take-out restaurants?
iv. What is a more recent development in the American food industry?
v. Which food items are very popular now in America?
B. Find in the text equivalents to the following words and phrases.
1) потребители; 2) изделия из дробленого зерна; 3) типы продуктов; 4) консервированный; 5) полуфабрикат; 6) духовка; 7) подавать на стол; 8) запеченная рыба; 9) вегетарианский стол; 10) “быстроешки”, 11) постное мясо; 12) ресторан “обеда на дом”.
Topical vocabulary
Food.
| 1. food 2. bread 3. cereals 4. meat 5. sausages | 6. poultry 7. game 8. dairy products 9. fish 10. sea-food | 11. vegetables 12. fruits 13. berries 14. nuts 15. spices | 16. beverages (drinks) 17. sweets 18. frozen food 19. canned food 20. uncooked food |
General.
| 1. nutrition 2. malnutrition | 3. diet 4. to keep to a diet | 5. to be on a diet 6. strict diet | 7. to put on a diet 8. to feed |
Bread.
| 1. flour 2. rich dough [dou] 3. unleavened dough | 4. to bake bread 5. to live on bread 6. rye / brown bread | 7. bread crumbs 8. loaf of bread 9. stale bread | 10. pancake 11. pie 12. bun (roll) |
Cereals.
| 1. grain 2. groats 3. wheat | 4. barley 5. pearl barley 6. buck wheat | 7. rice 8. semolina 9. corn | 10. maize 11. millet 12. oats |
Meat (fresh).
| 1. joint 2. beef 3. pork | 4. mutton (lamb) 5. veal 6. kidney | 7. liver 8. stomach 9. tongue | 10. chop 11. cutlet |
Sausages.
| I. sausage II. salami | III. bacon IV. ham | 5. smoked ribs |
7. Poultry & Game.
| 1. chicken 2. duck | 3. goose 4. turkey | 5. hazel grouse 6. partridge | 7. pheasant 8. rabbit |
Fish and sea-food.
| bream carp cod | herring perch pike | salmon sprat sturgeon | trout lobster oyster shrimp (prawn) |
Dairy products.
| milk cream sour cream butter | margarine cheese processed cheese cottage cheese | egg egg shell white of egg yolk of egg | hard-boiled egg soft-boiled egg to whip/beat an egg to shell an egg |
Vegetables.
| tomato cucumber carrot beet potatoes | egg plant marrow cabbage green peas beans | radish pumpkin onion garlic leeks | pepper sweet pepper dills parsley mushrooms |
Fruits, berries and nuts.
| grapes raisins seedless raisin apple pear currant (black, red) gooseberry | plum cherry apricot peach stone blueberry walnut | pomegranate lemon orange pine-apple tangerine peanut hazel nut | banana melon water melon strawberry raspberry seeds orange peel |
Spices
| cinnamon horse radish mustard powdered sugar | pepper salt sugar sauce | pinch of soda vanilla vinegar ketchup | yeast to dress sunflower oil |
Beverages.
| 1. soft drinks 2. mineral water 3. fruit juice 4. lemonade | 5. beer 6. strong drinks 7. brandy (cognac) 8. whisky | 9. dry wine 10. champagne 11. tea 12. blend of tea | 13. to stir tea 14. coffee 15. to make coffee 16. cocoa |
Sweets.
| chocolate bar of chocolate | box of chocolates ice-cream | jar of jam marmalade | honey pudding |
Meals.
| breakfast to have breakfast at / for breakfast lunch dinner | to dine out to have tea light supper have a snack (bite) to be hungry | to be thirsty uneatable to chew to swallow to taste food | tasty / tasteless food delicious food helping treat smb. to sth. to serve |
Dishes.
| soup broth | macaroni (pasta) porridge | stewed fruit milk shake | 7. mashed potatoes 8. spaghetti |
Eating out.
| bar café canteen menu card refreshment room (buffet) | restaurant waiter / waitress order vacant seat take a table a table for two | can I have? starter (appetizer) a three-course dinner for a first course for a main course for dessert | to pay the bill tip to pass a substantial meal bitter unsalted |
Cooking.
| to peel potatoes to grate grater to clear meat from bones to chop | to mince the meat to dredge sth with flour to roll sth in fine breadcrumbs to beat up | to drain turn over boil potatoes in jackets to probe to fry | to stew stewing pan to roast to spread stuffed pepper pour out |
Tableware and cutlery.
| napkin saucer pour into a glass raise one’s glass to tea set bread plate/ basket sugar basin | mustard pot pepper box salt cellar tea kettle tea / coffee pot decanter cutlery | china tray tablecloth soup ladle salad bowl dish corkscrew | fork spoon champagne glasses crystal glass spirit glass table decoration |
Kitchen utensils and appliances.
| squeezer whistling kettle pot | lid immersion heater juice extractor | mincer basket mixer |
Exercises
Group the words under the following headings.
Cereals 4. Fruit 7. Vegetables
Dairy products 5. Spices
Fish 6. Meat
Barley, dill, herring, mustard, pear, rice, sausage, bacon, flour, lamb, peas, wheat, blackberry, chicken, gooseberry, maize, veal, beans, pike, cream, grape, rabbit, salmon, trout, yoghurt, semolina, pork, sour cream, ham, beet, cabbage, bream.
Match the words and phrases in column A with those in column B.
| A dills overdone meat cauliflower help oneself to pass bitter head of cabbage cutlery mustard-pot | B кочан капусты передавать положить себе судок для горчицы горький ножи и вилки пережаренное мясо укроп цветная капуста |
Match the words which have something in common.
Bun, peanut, roll, currant, saucer, bottle, partridge, blueberry, soup plate, duck, napkin, cheesecake, walnut, plum, pie, sturgeon, mushroom, herring, cup, salted cucumbers, pasta.
What do we call:
fried small pieces of potatoes;
vegetables served at table;
the sweet nectar of flowers collected by bees;
substances we add to food to make it tastier;
the process of preparing dinner;
extra money that we gave to a waiter in a restaurant;
a large spoon we use to pour soup into a plate.
Act out the following dialogues. Pay attention to the underlined expressions. Memorize these expressions.
| Mother: Larry: Mother: Larry: Mother: Larry: Mother: Larry: Mother: Larry: Mother: | Larry at Lunch Larry, lunch is ready. I don’t want to eat, Mummy. But you must, Larry. No. I insist on your eating, Larry. Just a little bit, my boy. No, Mom. Now, Larry, be a good boy. Just sit down here and have a little bit of fish. That’s too much. Will that do now, Larry? And stop trifling with the fish, will you? I’m picking out the bones, Mummy. O.K. and drink your coffee. It has already grown cold. |
| Fred: John: Fred: John: Fred: John: Fred: John: | At Dinner Hello, old chap. So nice of you to have come. We are about to have dinner. Will you dine with us? With the greatest pleasure. I’m starving. That’s fine. Well, I’m off to lay the table. Say, John, how about a drink? Will a duck swim? To you, John. Let me help you to some salad. Please do. That’s quite enough, thank you. Some soup? Why, yes. I think I could manage a plateful. |
| Ann: John: Ann: John: Ann: John: Ann: John: Ann: John: Ann: John: Ann: | At Dinner How do you like the soup? Awfully nice really. Don’t you think so? Yes, it is indeed. Pass me the salt, please. Here you are. Some more bread? Yes, please. What comes next, Ann? Pork chops with roast potatoes. And what follows that? Wouldn’t you like to make a guess? Stewed apricots as usual, I suppose. There you are wrong, John. It’s apple pudding with whipped cream. Apple pudding and with whipped cream! Isn’t it fine? I am happy that I’ve suited your taste. |
Translate the dialogues into English.
1.
Завтрак готов?
Да, пора завтракать. У нас будет что-то особенное на завтрак.
Да, пахнет вкусно, но мне кажется, что у нас будет обычный завтрак: яичница с ветчиной и тосты.
Нет, дорогой. Я испекла яблочный пирог.
Ну, давай садиться за стол. Я умираю от голода.
Что ты будешь пить, чай или кофе?
Чай, пожалуйста, с одним кусочком сахара.
Давай попробуем пирог.
Как вкусно.
Спасибо, дорогой. Передай мне, пожалуйста, масло.
Вот, пожалуйста. Можно мне ещё пирога?
Да, конечно. Дай мне свою тарелку, я положу пирог.
Боюсь, что я переел, но так вкусно, что я не могу остановиться.
Ничего страшного. Мы будем обедать сегодня довольно поздно. Я вернусь домой только в восемь часов.
Спасибо за вкусный завтрак.
2.
| Мэри: Мама: Мэри: Мама: Мэри: Питер: Мама: Питер: Мама: Мэри: Питер: | Как насчет ланча, мама? Он готов, ты можешь накрывать на стол. Хорошо. А что у нас на ланч? Холодное мясо, салат, кофе и булочки. Звучит неплохо. Я уже накрыла на стол. Пойду помою руки и позову Питера. А вот и он идет. Ланч готов, мама? Я голоден как волк. Да, всё готово. Ты вымыл руки? Да, давайте садиться за стол. Мама, мне порезать мясо? Да, дорогой, пожалуйста. Вот нож. Дети, берите салат. Я приготовила новую заправку для салата – растительное масло, лимон и горчица. Вам нравится? Очень вкусно. Спасибо за вкусный ланч, мамочка. |
Make up your own dialogues using your topical vocabulary.
Translate the following sentences into English.
1. Рождественский ужин в США обычно состоит из индейки, ветчины, яблочного пирога, орехов и фруктов. 2. Моя подруга – вегетарианка (vegetarian), и поэтому она обычно ест овощи, фрукты, молочные продукты и иногда рыбу. 3. Я сейчас на диете и поэтому съем только немного вареного мяса. 4. Наша семья очень любит овощи, и летом и зимой мама часто готовит нам кабачок, фаршированный рисом и мясным фаршем. 5. Что сегодня на ужин? – Телячьи отбивные с жареной картошкой и чай с печеньем. 6. Я так хочу есть! 7. Я так хочу пить! 8. Передайте мне солонку, пожалуйста. 9. Мне налили чашку крепкого горячего кофе из серебряного кофейника. 10. Ешьте абрикосы. Они очень вкусные. 11. Чтобы приготовить мой любимый морковный салат, я беру три крупных морковки, тру их на терке, мелко рублю головку чеснока, добавляю изюм, все перемешиваю и заправляю майонезом.
IX. Read and translate these recipes. Say what ingredients you would need for cooking the dishes.
Vegetable Soup
Peel and cut into very small pieces three onions, three turnips, one carrot and four potatoes, put them into a pan with 100 g of butter, 150 g of ham and a bunch of parsley; pass them ten minutes over a sharp fire, then add a spoonful of flour, mix well; add two litres of broth and 0.5 litre of boiling milk; boil up, keeping it stirred; skim it; add a little salt and sugar and run it through a sieve into another pan; boil again and serve with fried bread in it.
Stewed Beef and Pork
Put into a saucepan about 800 g of beef cut into 8 pieces; 200 g of pork cut into 2 pieces; six table spoonfuls of rice; 4 middlesized onions peeled and sliced; a table spoonful of sugar; a little pepper and salt; add 2 litres of water; simmer gently for three hours; remove the fat from top and serve.
Home Made Cake
250 g of flour; 250 g of castor sugar; 250 g of seedless raisins; 50 g of chopped almonds; 50 g of preserved cherries; 170 g of butter; 4 eggs; pinch of soda. Sieve the flour, sugar and soda together into a basin, add the prepared fruit-chopped cherries and almond. Add eggs and butter. Mix it thoroughly. Place in a tin lined with greaseproof paper and brush with some melted butter. Bake in a slow oven for two hours. Leave for 5 minutes in a tin, then turn it out and cool.
Act out the following dialogues with your partner and make similar ones.
At a Restaurant.
(reserving the table)
Good evening, sir.
Have you got a reservation?
No, I’m afraid not. Have you got a table for two?
Yes, sir. Over there by the window. Come this way, please. Would you like something to drink while examining the menu?
Yes, some sherry, please.
Here it is, sir.
(ordering a meal)
Are you ready to order?
Yes, I think so.
What would you like to start with?
I’d like a prawn cocktail, please.
Would you like wine with your meal?
I’ll have another beer, please.
Will that be all?
That’s all for a while, thank you. Can I have the bill, please?
Here it is.
Is service included?
Yes, it is.
(checking your bill)
Excuse me, I don’t think this bill is correct.
I’m very sorry, sir – what appears to be wrong?
You’ve charged me for four beers, and I’ve only had two.
I’m sorry, sir, I’ll get you a new bill.
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