Работа в парах. Обсудите с коллегой по группе, соответствуют ли данные утверждения тексту 2.

1. Civil law is the most widespread legal system of the world.

2. Approximately 300 countries use civil law nowadays.

3. European continental law and civil law is the name of the same phenomena.

4. Civil law was derived from court judgments.

5. The date when the Body of Civil Law was compiled is known precisely.

6. Organizing the law into two written codes is the main feature of civil law system.

7. The main source of civil law is custom.

TEXT 3

Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.

1. Why is common law called “English”?

2. Why are so many countries influenced by common law?

COMMON LAW

Common Law ( Anglo-Saxon legal family) is a type of legal system, often synonymous with "English common law," which is the system of England and Wales in the UK. It is also in force in approximately 80 countries which were a part of or greatly influenced by the former British

Empire. English common law reflects Biblical influences as well as systems imposed by early conquers including the Romans, Anglo-Saxons, and Normans.

Some legal scholars attribute the formation of the English common law system to King

Henry II (r. 1154-1189). Until the time of his reign, laws customary were administered locally. Henry II, having established the king's court, designated that laws were "common" to the entire England.

The foundation of English common law is "legal precedent" - referred to as ‘stare decisis’(Lat ), meaning "to stand by things decided." In the English common law system, court judges are bound in their decisions in large part by the rules and other doctrines developed by the judges of earlier English courts. These rules were supplemented or amended over time.

Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующим русским словосочетаниям.

1. дополнены и исправлены со временем
2. основа общего права
3. доктрины, созданные судьями
4. ограничены в своих решениях
5. вся Англия
6. некоторые ученые-юристы
7. часто является синонимом
8. приписывают создание системы общего права
9. бывшая Британская империя.

Найдите в тексте слова, дефиниции которых приводятся ниже.

a) ____________ the country which was running half of the world during several centuries.

b) _____________the religious book of Christians.

c) _____________group of people or military troops who attack foreign territories in order to join them to their lands.

d) _____________period of time when a king or a queen is running the state.

e) _____________something (such as a judgment) which has happened earlier than the present and which can be a guide to what should be done in the present case.

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