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Note: Greek forms are capitalized, Latin in normal case.

About 3000 B.C., our male ancestors led their women-folk on their great migrations in two directions | After the Battle of Hastings, in 1066, William the Conqueror imposed Norman rule upon England | If you understand the following story, you understand at least one word from thirty-two different languages! | The English Language: It's Greek to Me | Latin Roots, Prefixes, and Suffixes | Word/ Origin of Word | Vocabulary List One | Categories | Latin Expressions in English | Standard Latin Abbriviations |


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  6. Latin Roots, Prefixes, and Suffixes
Latin Prefix/ GREEK PREFIX Meaning
A-, AN- "alpha privative", a negative
ab- away from
ad- to, towards, near
ambi- both
ANA- up, back again, throughout, against
ante- before, in front of
ANTI- against
APO- away from
bi-/bis- twice, double
CATA- down, across, under
circum- around
con- with
contra- against
de- down, from, away from
DI- two, twice, double
DIA- through
dis- apart, removed
DYS- hard, difficult, bad
e-, ex- (Lat.) EC- EX- (GK.) out of
ECTO- outside
EXO- outside, outward
EN- in
endo- within
epi- on, upon
extra- outside, beyond, in addition to
EU- well, good, easy
HEMI- half
HYPER- over, above,
HYPO- below, under
in- in, into, on You often see this prefix as im. Used with verbal roots.
in- not; occasionally, beyond belief
infra- below
inter- between
intro- within
intus- within
META- with, after, beyond
non- not
OPISTHO- behind
PALIN- again
PARA- along side of, beside
per- through, thorough, complete
PERI- around, near
post- after, behind
pre- in front of, before
PRO- before, in front of
PROSO- onwards, in front
re- back, again
retro- backward
semi- half
sub- under, below
super-, supra- above, upper
SYN- with
trans- across
ultra- beyond

Adjective + Root + Suffix=Word

The following tables contain Greek and Latin adjectives in the form used to combine with English words or with other Latin or Greek parts to make English words -- like megalomaniac or macroeconomics, to take examples from the top of the table.

GREEK & Latin Meaning in English
MEGA-, MEGALO-, MAKRO-; magni-, grandi- big
MICRO-; parvi- little
MACRO-, DOLICHO; longi- long
BRACHY-; brevi- short
EURY, PLATY-; lati- wide
STENO-; angusti- narrow
CYCLO-, GYRO; circuli- round
quadrati- rectanguli- square
PACHY-, PYCNO-, STEATO-; crassi- thick
LEPTO-; tenui- thin
BARY-; gravi- heavy
SCLERO-, SCIRRHO-; duri- hard
MALACO-; molli- soft
HYGRO-, HYDRO-; humidi- wet
XERO-; sicci- dry (Xerox®)
OXY-; acri- sharp
CRYO- PSYCHRO-; frigidi- cold
THERMO-; calidi- hot
DEXIO-; dextri- right
SCAIO-; scaevo- levi, sinistri- left
PROSO-, PROTO-; frontali- front
MESO-; medio- middle
POLY-; MULTI- many
OLIGO-; pauci- few
STHENO-; validi-, potenti- strong
HYPO-; imi-, intimi- bottom
PALEO-, ARCHEO-; veteri-, seni- old
NEO-, CENO-; novi new
CRYPTO-, CALYPTO-; operti- hidden
TAUTO-; identi- same
HOMO-, HOMEO-; simili- alike
EU-, KALO-, KALLO-; boni- good
DYS-, CACO-; mali- bad
CENO-, COELO-; vacuo- empty
HOLO-; toti- entirely
IDIO-; proprio-, sui- one's own
ALLO-; alieni- another's
GLYCO-; dulci- sweet
PICRO-; amari- bitter
ISO-; equi- equal
HETERO-, ALLO-; vario- different

Colors

A medical example of a Greek-based color word is erythrokinetics (e·ryth·ro·ki·net·ics), which Your Dictionary Medical Definitions defines as "A study of the kinetics of red blood cells from their generation to destruction."


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