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| Ситуация | Структура предложения | ||
| if-clause (придаточное) | main clause (главное) | ||
| Тип 1 | Реальная ситуация в настоящем или будущем | if + present simple | future simple present simple imperative can/must/may + bare infinitive |
| e.g. | If he doesn’t pay the fire, he will go to prison. Если он не заплатит штраф, его посадят в тюрьму. If you needhelp, come and see me. Если тебе нужна помощь, приходи, и я помогу. | ||
1. Fill in unless or if and go on to translate the sentences:
1. I can’t finish my homework ___ you help me.
2. ___ it rains, we’ll go for a walk.
3. ___ Ann doesn’t do her homework, the mother won’t let her watch TV.
4. ___ you work hard, you may be promoted.
5. ___ Kate comes home soon, her parents will call the police.
| Ситуация | if-clause (придаточное) | main clause (главное) | ||||||
| Тип 2 | Воображаемая, но маловероятная ситуация, относящаяся к настоящему или будущему | if + past simple | would could might | + bare infinitive | ||||
| e.g. | If I saw a criminal, I would call the police. Если бы я увидел преступника, я бы позвонил в полицию. | |||||||
| NB! ·0 If I were you … (на твоем месте я бы …) = совет e.g. If I were you, I would study better. На твоём месте, я бы учился лучше ·1 Were может использоваться вместо was для всех лиц e.g. If Tom was/were here, he could help us. Если бы Том был здесь, он бы смог нам помочь. | ||||||||
| Ситуация | if-clause (придаточное) | main clause (главное) | ||||||
| Тип 3 | Воображаемая, но нереальная ситуация, которая относится к прошлому | if + past perfect | would could might | + have + past participle | ||||
| e.g. | If I had saved some money, I could have gone on holiday abroad. Если бы я экономила деньги, я бы могла поехать в отпуск за границу (но я не экономила и не поехала). | |||||||
2. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense to make type 2 conditionals sentences:
| e.g. If I (to be) you, I (to study) for the exams. If I were you, I would study for the exams. |
1. If we (to have) a car, we (not to go) by bus.
2. Helen (to buy) some new clothes if she (to have) enough money.
3. If I (to be reach), I (never / work) again.
4. If I (to win) the lottery I (to buy) an expensive car.
5. If (to be) you, I (not to trust = доверять) him.
6. If she (to study) better, she (can go) to university.
3. Read the stories below and write type 3 or 2 conditional sentences, as in the example:
| e.g. Jack didn’t workhard, that is why his boss kept nagging(ворчал). If Jack had worked hard, his boss wouldn’t have kept nagging. |
A
| Jack Potts argued (поссорился) with his boss, so the boss gave him the sack (уволил его). Jack lost his job, so he became unemployed (безработный). He needed money, so he robbed a bank. As Jack was not an experienced robber, he was not careful enough. The police arrested him, so he went to court. There, the judge sentenced him to ten years in prison. Jack was recently put in prison. That’s where he is now. He is awfully sorry for his crime. |
B
| Ben offered to help his neighbor fix the roof so he climbed up the ladder. He fell off the ladder and broke his leg. He went to hospital and met Linda there. Linda worked at hospital as a nurse and assisted the doctor to x-ray Ben’s leg. They fell in love and got married six month later. They love each other and are very happy now. |
4. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense to form Conditionals of type 1, 2 or 3:
1. If I (to be) you, I wouldn’t drive in the snow.
2. If you had closed the window, the cat (not to jump) out.
3. John (to lose) his job if he is rude to his boss.
4. If you (to save) some money, you would have been able to buy a new car last year.
5. If I had a toothache, I (to go) to the dentist.
6. If Jane (to be) older, she could live by herself.
7. We would have changed our plans if we (to hear) the weather forecast.
8. If Sam was still living nearby, I (can invite) him for dinner.
9. Helen will join us later unless she (to have) a lot of work to do.
10.If you (to put) your money in your wallet, you wouldn’t have lost it.
11.Unless you (to hurry), you (to be) late again.
12.If I (to do) my homework, the teacher (not to shout) at me.
13.She (to go) to the party unless she (to be) ill last Saturday.
14.You would have passed the test if you (to study) more.
15.If his flight were not delayed, he (to arrive) in Moscow on time.
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