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Great Britain

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Britain has several names: Britain, Great Britain, the British Isles. Its official name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom consists of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The population of the country is 57 (fifty-seven) million people.

The climate is warm and damp. There are many rivers in Great Britain and the longest river is the Thames. The largest cities are London, Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham.

Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country. Its main industries are coal mining, machinery, textiles, electronics. The capital of Great Britain is London.

Agriculture is a highly developed branch of the British economy too. The chief agricultural products of Great Britain are meat, milk, potatoes, sugar beet, wheat, barley and oats. Pig and poultry farms are common in Great Britain. Great Britain usually imports meat, butter, sugar, wheat, tea, fruit and other products.

 

Words to the text:

the British Isles Британские острова
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Соединенное Королевство Великобритании и Северной Ирландии
population население
warm теплый
damp влажный
long длинный
large большой
capital столица
to develop развивать
coal уголь
agriculture сельское хозяйство
poultry домашняя птица
tea чай
other другой

 

4.2 Questions:

1. What is the official name of the country on the British Isles?

2. What parts does the UK consist of?

3. What branches of industry are well developed in Great Britain?

4. Who is the head of the state?

5. What sights of London are world famous?

5 Russia

Russia is the largest country in the world. It is situated in Europe and Asia. Its total area is over 17 million square kilometres. The climate is different in different parts of our country.

The population of the Russian Federation is about 150 million people.

Russia is among the world leaders in mineral resources. It in rich in coal, oil, iron, natural gas, copper. Russia is a highly developed industrial country. Its oil and chemical industries are well developed. As for agriculture animal breeding and crop growing are on a high level here. Farmers of Russia grow cereals such as wheat, barley, rye, and vegetables such as potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, carrots.

The capital of the country is Moscow. It was founded in 1147. Now it is the most important political, industrial and cultural centre of the country. The Red Square, the Kremlin and other sights attract tourists from all over the world to Moscow.

Russia plays an important role in the world. It is a peace-loving country and a member of many peaceful organizations.

Words to the text:

world мир
to be situated располагаться
total area общая площадь
different различный
among среди
leader лидер
mineral resources минеральные ресурсы
rich богатый
iron железо
as for что касается
animal breeding животноводство
crop growing растениеводство
level уровень
to grow расти, выращивать
cereals хлебные злаки
such as такой как
vegetable овощ
cucumber огурец
carrot морковь
to found основывать
sights достопримечательности
to attract привлекать
to play играть
peace-loving миролюбивый

5.2 Questions:

1. How large is the territory of the Russian Federation?

2. What mineral resources is Russia rich in?

3. What branches of industry are the leading in our country?

4. What cereals and vegetables do farmers of Russia grow?

5. What sights of Moscow are world famous?

 


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