Bring another chair. Hurryup or we'll be late. We form the negative with don't.

Don't be silly. Don't make so much noise.

We can use an imperative when we are with friends in an informal situation. But we do not use it to a stranger or in a more formal situation.

Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to Oxford Street, please?

not Tell me the way to Oxford Street, please.

Would you mind sending me a copy of your catalogue?

not Send me a copy of your catalogue.

Even people in authority often avoid using the imperative to give orders. Instead they can use I want/I'd like you to..., You must..., or a polite request form.

Manager: I want you all to be at the meeting.

Policeman: You must wait until you see the green light.

Doctor: Could you lie down on the bed, please?

С Asking for things

We use Can I/we have...? and Could I/we have...? when we ask someone to give us something.

Can we have our room key, please? Could I have a receipt, please?

We can also say Could you give me a receipt, please? but we do not use the imperative.

not Give me a receipt.

When we ask for something in a shop or a cafe, we can simply name what we want, but we must say please.

A large white loaf, please. Two coffees, please. We can also use I'd like... or I'll have...

I'd like a chicken sandwich, please. I'll have a coffee.

Exercises

1 Asking people to do things (A-C) Complete these sentences and write them in: Can I... a fork, please? Could... have a towel,...? Could you... the... for me? Would you... answering the phone?

► Could you open the door for me? 2...................................................................................

1.................................................................................. 3....................................................................................

2 Asking people to do things (A-C)

Mr Atkins is the boss at Zedco. He tells everyone what to do. Complete his sentences. Use these words: can, could, have, like, mind, must, want, wonder, would

► Would you mind making some tea, Alan?

1 You...................... inform me of any developments.

2 Could I...................... the latest sales figures, please?

3 Would you...................... to arrange a meeting some time next week, Fiona?

4 I...................... everyone to read the report.

5...................... I see the file, please, Mark?

6...................... you mind putting this in writing?

7 I...................... if you could translate this letter, Linda.

8..................... you meet our customer at the airport?

3 Asking people to do things (A-C)

Read about each situation and then make a request. Use the word in brackets.

► It is cold in the restaurant. Ask the waiter to shut the window, (could)
Could you shut the window, please?

1 You are buying a coat. Ask the assistant for a receipt, (can)

2 You want to know the time. Ask someone in the street, (could)

Excuse me..................................................................................................................................................................

3 You need someone to help you. Ask a friend, (can)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

4 You have bought some food, but you haven't got a bag. Ask the assistant, (could)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

5 You are carrying a tray. Ask someone to clear a space on the table, (mind)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6 You are on the phone. You want to speak to the manager, (could)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

51 Suggestions, offers and invitations

A Suggestions

We can use Shall we...? or Let's to make a suggestion.

It’s a lovely day. Shall we go for a walk? ~ Yes, OK.

Let's play some music. ~ Good idea.

We can also use could for a suggestion.

We could watch this comedy on TV tonight. ~ Well, actually I've seen it before.

You could invite a few friends around. ~ Yes, why not? We can also use Why don't...?

Why don't we have a look round the market?

To ask for a suggestion we use shall, should or can.

Where shall/should we go for our holiday? ~ What about Spain? What can I get Claire for her birthday? ~ I've no idea.

В Offers

We can use will or can to offer to do something

I'll carry your bag. ~ Oh, thanks.

We can give you a lift. ~ Oh, that would be great. Thank you.

We can also use question forms with shall or can.

Shall we pay you the money now? ~ Oh, there's no hurry. Can I get a taxi for you? ~ Yes, please.

To offer food or drink, we use would like.

Would you like one of these chocolates? ~ Yes, please. Thank you. Would anyone like more coffee? ~ No, thanks.

We can also use Will/Won't you have...?

Will you have a biscuit? ~ Thank you.

Won't you have something to drink? ~ Not for me, thank you.

In informal speech we can use the imperative. Have a biscuit. ~ Thank you.

С Invitations

The words we use in invitations are similar to those we use in offers of food and drink (see B). To invite someone, we often use Would you like to...?

Would you like to have lunch with us? ~ Yes, I'd love to. Thank you.

Would like can have a verb with to after it, or an object with a noun.

Would you like to stay the night. ~ Oh, that's very kind of you.

Would you like a bed for the night? ~ Are you sure it's not too much trouble?

We can also use Will/Wo n't you...?

Will you join us for coffee? ~ Yes. Thanks. Won't you sit down?

In informal speech we can use the imperative.

Come and have coffee with us. Please sit down.

51 Exercises

1 Suggestions, offers and invitations (A-C)

Put the words in the right order and write in the sentences:

post / for you / I'll / that letter have / one of these / won’t/ you

for a minute / shall / stop /we a game / like / would / you

► Won’t you have one of these? 2...................................................................................

1.................................................................................. 3....................................................................................

2 Suggestions and offers (A-B)

Complete the conversation. Put in could, shall, will or would.

Daniel: Where (►) shall we have our picnic, then?

Rachel: This looks all right. (1)......................... we sit here?

Emma: Oh, I've forgotten the sausages. They're in the car.

Matthew: (2)........................ I get them?

Emma: Oh, thanks, Matthew.

Vicky: We (3)........................ sit by those trees. It looks nicer over there.

Rachel: No, it's fine here.

Daniel: Yes, it's better here, I think.

Emma: (4)........................ you like a sandwich, Vicky?

Vicky: Oh, thank you.

Emma: (5)........................ you have one, Rachel?

Matthew: And here are the sausages. (6)....................... anyone like one?

3 Suggestions, offers and invitations (A-C)

What would you say? There is more than one correct answer.

► A friend has called at your flat. Invite him to come in.
Would you like to come in?

1 Offer your visitor a cup of tea.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2 You don't know what to say in your letter. Ask your friend for a suggestion.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3 You are walking in town with a friend. Suggest having a cup of coffee.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4 A woman you know is afraid to walk home alone. Offer to walk home with her.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5 You are writing to a friend. Invite her to visit you one weekend.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………....

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