CELLULAR STRUCTURE
CARDIAC MUSCULAR TISSUE SHOWS SIMILARITY WITH SCELETAL MUSCULAR TISSUE ON ALL ATTRIBUTES, EXCEPT FOR:
CELLULAR STRUCTURE
CONNECTIVE TISSUE LAYERS BETWEEN MUSCLE FIBERS
PLENTIFUL VASCULARISATION
TRANSVERSE STRIATION
NUMEROUS MITOCHONDRIA
THE Z-LINES OF SARCOMERES PROVIDE:
CONNECTION ACTIN FILAMENTS OF THE NEIGBOURING SARCOMERES
CONNECTION MYOSIN FILAMENTS OF ONE SARCOMERE
CONNECTION MYOSIN FILAMENTS OF THE NEIGBOURING SARCOMERES
CONNECTION ACTIN FILAMENTS OF ONE SARCOMERE
CONNECTION ACTIN AND MYOSIN FILAMENTS
WHAT CELLS ARE THE MAIN IN A NERVOUS TISSUE?
NEURONS
EPENDIMOCYTES
ASTROCYTES
MICROGLIOCYTES
MACROGLIOCYTES
WHAT IS THE SOURCE OF DEVELOPMENT OF A MACROGLIA?
NEUROECTODERM
MESENCHYME
ENDODERM
DORSAL MESODERM
VENTRAL MESODERM
WHAT TYPE OF CELLULAR STRUCTURES OF A NEURON DOES CHROMATOPHILIC SUBSTANCE CONCERN TO?
ORGANELLE OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
MITOCHONDRION
LYSOSOME
CYTOSKELETON
ORGANELLE OF LIPID SYNTHESIS
WHAT STRUCTURE OF A NEURON TAKES PART IN REALIZATION OF A NERVOUS IMPULSE?
PLASMOLEMMA
CHROMATOPHILIA SUBSTANCE
COMPLEX GOLGI
MITOCHONDRION
CYTOPLASM
WHAT PRINCIPLE IS AT A BASIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF NERVE FIBERS?
STRUCTURE OF SHEATHS
STRUCTURE OF NERVE PROCESS
LOCATION
CARRIED OUT FUNCTIONS
TYPE OF NEURON
FOR MYELINATED NERVE FIBERS ARE CHARACTERISTIC ALL ATTRIBUTES, EXCEPT FOR:
SEVERAL AXIAL CYLINDERS
ONE AXIAL CYLINDER
NODES OF RANVIER
LEMMOCYTES
PROCESS OF NEURON
A NEURON, WHICH DENDRITES FORM RESEPTORS IN MUSCLE, ON FUNCTION CONCERNS TO:
SENSORY
NEUROSECRETORY
MOTOR
ASSOCIATION
INHIBITING
THE NEUROGLIA, LIED VENTRICLES OF A BRAIN AND SPINAL CANAL, IS CALLED:
EPENDIMA
PROTOPLASMATIC ASTROCYTES
FIBROUS ASTROCYTES
OLIGODENDROGLYOCYTES
SCHWANN CELLS
DURING DEGENERATION AND REGENERATION OF NERVE FIBERS PARTICIPATE:
SCHWANN CELLS
EPENDIMOCYTES
PROTOPLASMATIC ASTROCYTES
FIBROUS ASTROCYTES
MICROGLIA
NEURONS, WHICH AXONS FORM THE MOTOR NERVE ENDINGS IN A SMOOTH MUSCULAR TISSUE, ARE CALLED:
MOTOR
AFFERENT
INTERCALATED
SENSORY
INHIBITORY
FOR NEURO-MUSCULAR END PLATE WHICH NEUROTRANSMITTER IS CHARACTERISTIC?
ACETYLCHOLINE
NORADRENALINE
SEROTONIN
ELECTRICAL
DOPHAMINE
THE REALIZATION DIRECTION OF A NERVE IMPULSE IN THE FIELD OF A SYNAPSE IS DEFINED BY:
PRESENCE OF RECEPTOR PROTEIN ON A POSTSYNAPTIC MEMBRANE
SYSTEM OF NEUROFIBRILS
PRESENCE OF MITOCHONDRIA
AXOPLASMATIC CURRENT OF SUBSTANCES
RETROGRADE CURRENT OF SUBSTANCES
IT WAS OBSERVED 18% SPHERICAL, FLATTENED, BALL-SHAPED AND SPINOUS ERYTHROCYTES IN THE BLOOD OF 26 YEARS OLD MAN. OTHERS ERYTHROCYTES WERE BICONCAVE FORM.WHAT IS THE NAME OF THIS CASE?
PHYSIOLOGICAL POIKILOCYTOSIS
ERYTHROCYTOSIS
PATHOLOGICAL POIKILOCYTOSIS
PHYSIOLOGICAL ANISOCYTOSIS
PATHOLOGICAL ANISOCYTOSIS
ONE OF THE REASON OF HYPOXIA LESSENS OF THE ORGAN'S BLOOD SUPPLY. HYPOXIA ACTIVATES FUNCTIONS OF THE FIBROBLASTS. VOLUME OF WHICH ELEMENTS INCREASE?
INTERCELLULAR SUBSTANCE
PARENCHYMATOUS ELEMENTS
LYMPHATIC VESSELS
NERVOUS ELEMENTS
MICROCIRCULATORY BLOOD VESSELS
IN AMNIOTIC FLUID AFTER AMNIOCENTHESIS (PUNCTURE OF THE AMNION) WERE FOUND THE CELLS WITH SEX CHROMATIN (BARR'S BODIES). IT SPEAKS ABOUT:
DEVELOPMENT OF FEMALE FETUS
POLYPLOIDY
GENETIC DISTURBANCES OF THE FETAL DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT OF MALE FETUS
ERYTHROCYTOSIS
WHICH TISSUE WILL HAVE DAMAGED UNDER ARTHRITIS, WHEN INTERFACIAL SLIP OF THE JOINT ARE BROKEN STATE?
HYALINE CATILAGE
FIBROCATILAGE
BONE TISSUE
LOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
RETICULAR TISSUE
WHICH SUBSTANCE HAVE THE MOST IMPORTANT ROLE IN FORMATION OF SCAR AFTER HEALING OF THE WOUND?
COLLAGEN
KERATANSULFATE
CHONDROITHINSULFATE
ELASTIN
HYALURONIC ACID
PATIENT WITH THIRD-DEGREE BURN WAS TRANSPLANTED DONOR'S SKIN.AT 8-TH DAY AFTER TRANSPLANTATION THE TRANSPLANTATE BECAME SWOLLEN AND CHANGED COLOUR.AT 11-TH DAY BEGUN DESTRUCTION.WHICH CELLS TOOK PLACE IN THIS PROCESS?
T-LYMPHOCYTES
EOSINOPHILS
BASOPHILS
B-LYMPHOCYTES
ERYTHROCYTES
DURING POSTEMBRYONAL HEMOPOIESIS IN ONE OF THE CELL'S DIFFERONS SLOWLY DECREASE OF BASOPHILIA AND PUSHED OUT OF THE NUCLEUS.WHICH TYPE OF HEMOPOIESIS HAVE THIS MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES?
ERYTHROPOIESIS
EOSINOPHILOPOIESIS
BASOPHILOPOIESIS
NEUTROPHILOPOIESIS
LYMPHOPOIESIS
IN THE SLIDE WAS FOUND TISSUE WITH ISOGENOUS GROUPS OF CELLS. IN THE INTERCELLULAR SUBSTANCE WE CAN'T SEE FIBRILLAR STRUCTURES. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THIS TISSUE?
HYALINE CATILAGE
SMOOTH MUSCLE TISSUE
FIBROCATILAGE
EPITHELIAL TISSUE
BONE TISSUE
IN THE PERICARDIAL CAVITY OF THE PATIENT WITH EXUDATIVE PERICARDITIS WAS FOUND LARGE AMOUNT OF EXUDATE. MALFUNCTION OF FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY WHICH CELLS ARE THE REASON OF THAT CONDITION?
MESOTHELIOCYTES
FIBROBLASTS
TYPICAL CARDIOMYOCYTES
ATYPICAL CARDIOMYOCYTES
ENDOTHELIOCYTES
STRUCTURE OF HYALINE CARTILAGE IS CHANGED UNDER CHONDRODYSTHROPHY. WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF CHONDROBLASTS AND CHONDROCYTES?
SYNTHESIS OF INTERCELLULAR SUBSTANCE
DEPOSITION OF GLYCOGEN
NOURISHMENT OF TISSUE
DEPOSITION OF FAT
DESTRUCTION OF INTERCELLULAR SUBSTANCE
AVASCULAR TISSUES ARE TRANSPLANTATED SUCCESSFULLY. WHICH TISSUE HAS NO BLOOD VESSELS?
CARTILAGE TISSUE
MUSCLE TISSUE
BONE TISSUE
ADIPOSE TISSUE
CONECTIVE TISSUE PROPER
VERTABRAL COLUMN WHITHSTANDS STRONG LOAD DUE TO COMPRESSION. WHICH PEQULIARITIES OF CARTILAGE TISSUE PROVIDE RESISTIVITY TO COMPRESSION?
COMPOSITION OF MATRIX
STRONG DEVELOPMENT OF FIBERS
ARRANGEMENT OF CELLS
ARRANGEMENT OF FIBERS
PERICHONDRIUM
AFTER MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF BIOPSY WAS FOUND LAYER OF EPITHELIAL CELLS, NUCLEI OF WHICH ARE ARRANGED NOT ON ONE LEVEL, BUT ALL CELLS HAVE CONTACT WITH BASAL MEMBRANE.WHAT IS THE TYPE OF THE EPITHELIUM?
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED
SIMPLE
KERATINIZED
TRANSITIONAL
STRATIFIED UNKERATINIZED
SECRETORY CELL HAS WELL DEVELOPED ORGANELLES, COMPLEX GOLGI CONTAINS MANY VACUOLES AND VESICLES. PLASMOLEMMA WITHOUT DAMAGE.WHICH TYPE OF SECRETION HAS THIS CELL?
MEROCRINE
MACROAPOCRINE
HOLOCRINE
ENDOCRINE
MICROAPOCRINE
UNDER EXAMINATION OF BIOPSY ARE FOUND EXOCRINE GLAND WITH BRANCHED EXCRETORY DUCT WITH SEVERAL TUBULAR SECRETORY PORTION.WHAT IS THE TYPE OF THE GLAND?
COMPOUND BRANCHED TUBULAR
SIMPLE TUBULAR
COMPOUND BRANCHED ALVEOLAR
SIMPLE ALVEOLAR
COMPOUND UNBRANCHED TUBULAR
IN LEUKOCYTE'S FORMULA OF THE PATIENT WITH ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS ARE 89% OF NEUTROPHILS. WHAT IS A NAME OF THIS STATUS?
NEUTROPHILIA
MONOCYTOSIS
NEUTROPENIA
LYMPHOCYTOSIS
TROMBOCYTOSIS
IN THE BLOOD SMEAR IS FOUND BIG ROUND SHAPE CELL WITHOUT GRANULES AND WITH PALE BASOPHILIC CYTOPLASM. NUCLEUS IS LARGE,PALE,BEANLIKE.WHAT CELL IS IT?
MONOCYTE
LYMPHOCYTE
EOSINOPHIL
NEUTROPHIL
ERYTHROCYTE
UNDER IVESTIGATION OF BIOPSY OF AIRWAYS IS FOUND EPITHELIUM WITH HORIZONTAL ANISOMORPHISM.WHAT S THE TYPE OF THE EPITHELIUM?
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED
SIMPLE
KERATINIZED
STRATIFIED NON-KERATHINIZED
TRANSITIONAL
ONE TYPE OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE HAS THE BEST REGENERATION AFTER INJURY. AMORPHOUS SUBSTANCE IS PREVALENCED OVER CHAOTIC LOCATED FIBERS AND CONTAINS ALL TYPES OF CELLS. WHAT TISSUE IS IT?
LOOSE IRREGULAR
DENSE IRREGULAR
DENSE REGULAR
RETICULAR
MUCOUS
UNDER IVESTIGATION OF STOMACH'S MUCOSA ARE FOUND MANY EXOCRINE SIMPLE TUBULAR GLANDS. WHICH EXOCRINE GLANDS ARE SIMPLE?
WITH UNBRANCHED EXCRETORY DUCTS
UNICELLULAR ENDOEPITHELIAL
WITH BRANCHED EXCRETORY DUCTS
WHITH BRANCHED SECRETORY PORTION
WITH UNBRANCHED SECRETORY PORTION
IN THE SLIDES OF ALL ORGANS THERE ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE. WHAT IS THE ORIGIN OF EMBRYONAL DEVELOPMENT OF CONNECTIVE TISSUES?
MESENCHYME
SPLANCHNOTOME
ECTODERM
ENTODERM
INTERMEDIATE MESODERM
ANTIGENS ARE NEUTRALIZED BY ANTIBODIES, WHICH ARE SYNTHESIZED IN:
PLASMOCYTES
FIBROBLASTS
TISSUE'S BASOPHILS
EOSINOPHILS
T-LYMPHOCYTES
INITIAL STAGE OF INFLAMMATION IS CHARACTERIZED BY DILATION OF BLOOD VESSELS IN THE PLACE OF INJURY AND INCREASING OF PERMEABILITY OF BLOOD VESSELS WALL. WHICH CELLS HAVE MOST IMPORTANT ROLE IN THIS CONDITION?
TISSUE' BASOPHILS
B-LYMPHOCYTES
MONOCYTES
TISSUE' EOSINOPHILS
TISSUE' NEUTROPHILS
IF STEM CELLS OF RED BONE MARROW ARE DAMAGED, REGENERATION OF WHICH CELLS POPULATION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE WILL DESTROY?
MACROPHAGES
PERICYTES
FAT CELLS
FIBROBLASTS
RETICULAR CELLS
IN THE BLOOD SMEAR OF THE HUMAN WITH INFLAMMATORY PROCESS IT IS POSSIBLE TO SEE MANY ROUND CELLS WITH SEGMENTATED NUCLEUS, OXYPHILIC CYTOPLASM AND SMALL PINK-VIOLET GRANULES. WHAT IS A NAME OF THESE CELLS?
NEUTROPHILIC LEUKOCYTES
ERYTHROCYTES
BASOPHILIC LEUKOCYTES
EOSINOPHILIC LEUKOCYTES
LYMPOCYTES
IN THE BLOOD SMEAR OF THE HUMAN WITH ALLERGY IT IS POSSIBLE TO SEE MANY ROUND CELLS WITH SEGMENTATED NUCLEUS AND LARGE BRIGHT PINK GRANULES IN THE CYTOPLASM. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THESE CELLS?
EOSINOPHILIC LEUKOCYTES
ERYTHROCYTES
NEUTROPHILIC LEUKOCYTES
BASOPHILIC LEUKOCYTES
LYMPOCYTES
DURING INJURY OF A BRAIN NEUROGLIAL CELLS ARE DAMAGED. WHAT TYPE OF NEUROGLIAL CELLS IS PREDOMINANTLY ARRANGED IN THE GREY MATTER OF THE BRAIN?
PROTOPLASMIC ASTROCYTES
MICROGLIA
OLIGODENDROCYTES
FIBREOUS ASTROCYTES
SCHWANN CELLS
THE PATIENT HAS DEGENERATIVE PATHOLOGY OF SPINAL CORD, WHICH IS FOLLOWED BY DECREASED AMOUNT OF BASOPHILIC SUBSTANCE IN THE NEURONS OF THE ANTERIOR HORN OF SPINAL CORD. HOW IS THIS HAPPENING CALLED?
CHROMATOLYSIS
DEGENERATION
HYPOBASOPHILIA
BASOPHILIA
CHROMATOSIS
THE PATIENT HAS DEGENERATIVE PATHOLOGY OF THE SPINAL CORD DURING WHICH THE NEURONS WITH 4-5 PROCESSES ARE DAMAGED. WHAT TYPE OF NEURONS DO THEY BELONG TO?
MULTIPOLAR
MONOPOLAR
BIPOLAR
PSEUDOUNIPOLAR
UNIPOLAR
THE REGENERATION OF SKELETAL MUSCLES AFTER INJURY IS POSSIBLE. WHAT CELLS FROM LISTED BELOW ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THEIR REGENERATION?
SATTELITE CELLS
MYOBLASTS
MYOFIBROBLASTS
FIBROBLASTS
MYOEPITHELIAL CELLS
AFTER HEARD ATTACK THE CONDUCTING SYSTEM PROVIDING RHYTHMIC CONTRACTION OF CARDIAC MUSCLE IS OFTEN DISTURBED. WHAT STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF A HEARD ARE DAMAGED AT THAT CASE?
UNTYPICAL CARDIOMYOCYTES
TYPICAL CARDIOMYOCYTES
NERVE ENDINGS
MICROCIRCULATION
INTERCALATED DISCS
ON THE CARDIAC MUSCLE ELECTROPHOTOGRAPH ARE VISIBLE CELLS WITH PROCESSES, SMALL AMOUNT OF ORGANELLES, BUT GOOD DEVELOPED ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM, SECRETORY GRANULES. NAME THESE CELLS.
ATRIUM SECRETORY CARDIOMYOCYTES
VENTRICLE TYPICAL CARDIOMYOCYTES
PACE MAKER CELLS
ATRIUM CONTRACTILE CARDIOMYOCYTES
PURKINJE CELLS
X-RAY EXAMINATION SHOWS THAT CHILD HAS A FRACTURE OF LONG BONE DIAPHYSIS. WHAT TISSUE IS DAMAGED AT THAT CASE?
COMPACT BONE
WOVEN BONE
SPONGY BONE
CANCELLOUS BONE
DENSE REGULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE
A CHILD HAS BONE ABNORMALITIES LIKE SOFTNESS AND DISTORTION OF LONG BONES. WHAT BASIC STEP IN BONE FORMATION IS DISTURBED?
OSSIFICATION
MESENCHYMAL CONDENSATION
SYNTHESIS OF MATRIX
REPLACEMENT BY LAMILLAR BONE
PERICHONDRAL OSSIFICATION
DURING EARLY GASTRULATION OF EMBRYO SOMITE MYOTOMES WERE DAMAGED. THE SUBSEQUENT DEVELOPMENT OF WHICH TISSUE IS NOT POSSIBLE?
SKELETAL MUSCLE
SMOOTH MUSCLE
CARTILAGE
LAMILLAR BONE
CARDIAC MUSCLE
DURING MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION OF EMBRYONIC SOMITE IS REVEALED DAMAGED VENTRO-MEDIAL PORTION OF IT. THE DISTURBANCE OF WHICH EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES MAY HAPPEN?
SKELETAL TISSUES
SKELETAL MUSCLES
CARDIAC MUSCLE
FIBREOUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE
UROGENITAL TRUCT
MYOCARDIO-DYSTROPHY IS FOLLOWED BY DISTURBANCE OF CARDIOMYOCYTES METABOLISM. PATHOLOGY OF WHAT EMBRYONIC SOURCE DOES IT CONNECT TO?
SPLANCHNOPLEURA
MYOTOME
ENDODERM
ECTODERM
MESENCHYME
EPILEPSY MAY BE A RESULT OF PATHOLOGIC GROWTH OF NEUROGLIAL CELLS OF THE BRAIN TEMPORAL LOBE. WHAT CELLS FROM LISTED BELOW BELONG TO NEUROGLIA?
OLIGODENDROCYTES
MULTIPOLAR
UNIPOLAR
NEUROCYTES
BETZ CELLS
DURING BIOPSY EXAMINATION OF MATERIAL WITH DEGENERATIVE PATHOLOGY OF NERVOUS SYSTEM, THE CELLS ARE FROM NEURAL CREST ORIGIN WERE STUDIED. WHAT ARE THEY?
NEURONS OF SYMPATHETIC GANGLION
BRAIN CORTEX NEURONS
CEREBELLUM NEURONS
NEURONS OF SPINAL CORD
ASTROCYTES
DURING ENDOCHONDRAL OSSIFICATION OF LONG BONE BETWEEN EPIPHYSIS AND DIAPHYSIS FORMS ZONE, PROVIDING THE GROWTH OF THE LONG BONE IN LENGTH. WHAT IS THE TERM OF THIS ZONE?
ZONE OF PROLIFERATION
ZONE OF CALCIFIED CARTILAGE
BONY COLLAR
OSTEON
LAYER OF INNER CIRCUMFERENTIAL LAMELLAE
SOME DEGENERATIVE DISEASES OF NERVOUS SYSTEM ARE FOLLOWED BY PATHOLOGY OF CELLS, WHICH PROVIDE MYELINISATION OF NERVE FIBERS IN PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THESE CELLS?
OLIGODENDROGLIA
MICROGLIA
PROTOPLASMIC ASTROCYTES
EPENDIMA
BIPOLAR NEURONS
DURING OSTEOPOROSIS THE PROCESS OF THE BONE TISSUE RESORPTION IS NCREASED. WHAT CELLS FROM LISTED BELOW PARTICIPATE IN BONE TISSUE RESORPTION?
OSTEOCLASTS
OSTEOBLASTS
MACROPHAGES
MICROPHAGES
OSTEOCYTES
DURING CARDIAC INSUFFICIENCY THE CONTRACTILE ABILITY OF MYOCARDIUM IS DECREASED. WHAT HISTOLOGICAL STRUCTURE PROVIDES THE SPECIAL CONTRACTION OF CARDIAC MUSCLE?
LINEAR ARRAY OF CELLS
SYMPLASTUM
ATYPICAL CARDIOMYOCYTES
MUSCLE CELLS
SECRETORY CARDIOMYOCYTES
WHAT DETERMINES SEPARATION OF A DENSE FIBROUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE ON REGULAR AND IRREGULAR?
ARRANGEMENT OF FIBERS
TYPE OF FIBERS
AMOUNT OF FIBERS
STRUCTURE OF AMORPHOUS SUBSTANCE
TYPES OF CELLS
WHAT CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELL CONTAINS NUMEROUS PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LYSOSOMES?
MACROPHAGE
PLASMOCYTE
RETICULOCYTE
FIBROBLAST
FIBROCYTE
WHAT IS THE SOURCE OF FORMATION OF FIBROBLASTS IN THE POSTEMBRYONAL PERIOD?
ADVENTITIONAL CELLS
MONOCYTES
B - LYMPHOCYTES
T-LYMPHOCYTES
MESENCHYME
THE PLASMOCYTES IN THE POSTEMBRYONAL PERIOD ARE FORMED FROM:
B - LYMPHOCYTES
MONOCYTES
T-LYMPHOCYTES
ADVENTITIONAL CELLS
MESENCHYME
A WOMAN GAVE BIRTH TO TWINS THAT HAD COMMON AMNION AND YOLK SAC DURING EMBRYOGENESIS. IN WHAT PERIOD OF EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT DOES FORMATION OF AMNION AND YOLK SACS TAKE PLACE?
AFTER 9TH DAY
4TH - 5TH DAYS
1TH - 3D DAYS
21ST - 28TH DAYS
30TH - 35TH DAYS
DURING GASTRULATION THE NUTRITION OF EMBRYO IS CHANGED FROM HISTIOTHROPHIC TO HEMATOTHROPHIC TYPE. WHICH PROVISIONAL ORGAN PROVIDES THE HEMATOTHROPHIC TYPE OF NUTRITION?
CHORION
AMNION
TROPHOBLAST
YOLK SAC
ALLANTOIS
IF BLASTOCYST REMAINS COVERED UP BY MEMBRANE OF FERTILIZATION, THE SYNTHESIS OF LYTIC ENZYMES BY THE TROPHOBLAST CELLS IS INHIBITED. WHICH PROCESS OF EMBRYOGENESIS COULD BE HELD UP OR WILL NOT OCCUR?
IMPLANTATION
DELAMINATION
IMMIGRATION
GASTRULATION
EPIBOLY
IN THE SLIDE OF HUMAN EMBRYO EMBRYONIC DISK IS FOUND WITH TWO LAYERS OF CELLS: ENDODERM AND ECTODERM. ON WHAT STAGE OF EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT WAS THE EMBRYO?
GASTRULATION
PROGENESIS
NEURULATION
HISTOGENESIS
ORGANOGENESIS
USING EMBRYO BIOPSY THE DAMAGED ZONE OF SOMITE WAS REVEALED, WHICH IS LOCATED NEAR ENDODERM AND NOTOCHORD. DEVELOPMENT OF WHICH EMBRYONIC STRUCTURES CAN BE DAMAGED IN THE CASE OF CONTINUATION OF PREGNANCY?
SKELETAL TISSUES
SKELETAL STRIATED MUSCLE
URINARY SYSTEM
CARDIAC STRIATED MUSCLE
CONNECTIVE TISSUE OF THE SKIN
DISORDER OF ENDODERM DIFFERENTIATION WAS FOUND IN EMBRYONIC MATERIAL. DEVELOPMENT OF WHAT ORGAN CAN BE CHANGED?
STOMACH
AORTA
HEART
KIDNEY
SALIVARY GLANDS
DURING FORENSIC MEDICAL EXAMINATION OF WOMAN AN EMBRYO AT EARLY GASTRULATION STAGE WAS FOUND. NAME THE PLACE OF ITS NORMAL LOCALIZATION.
UTERINE WALL
ABDOMINAL CAVITY
AMPULLAR SEGMENT OF THE OVIDUCT
UTERINE SEGMENT OF THE OVIDUCT
UTERINE CAVITY
GASTRULATION OR FORMATION OF GERMINAL LAYERS IN EMBRYO OCCURS IN DIFFERENT WAYS. WHAT IS THE WAY OF THE HUMAN ECTO- AND ENDODERM FORMATION?
DELAMINATION
INVAGINATION
EPIBOLY
MIGRATION
INVAGINATION AND EPIBOLY
MYOCARDIODYSTROPHY IS ACCOMPANIED BY DISORDER OF CARDIOMYOCYTE METABOLISM. WHAT IS THE EMBRYONIC SOURCE OF DEVELOPMENT OF THESE CELLS?
MYOEPICARDIAL PLATE
MYOTOMES
ENDODERM
ECTODERM
MESENCHYME
THERE ARE 8 CRITICAL PERIODS FOR FETAL DEVELOPMENT. IN WHAT TIME DOES THE FIST ONE OCCUR?
7TH-8TH DAYS OF THE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT
3D-6TH WEEK OF THE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT
1ST-4TH DAYS OF THE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT
2D-3D WEEK OF THE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT
10TH-12TH WEEK OF THE EMBRYONICDEVELOPMENT
IMPLANTATION OF EMBRYO IN ENDOMETRIUM CONSISTS OF TWO PHASES – ADHESION AND INVASION. WHAT IS THE ADHESION PHASE?
ATTACHMENT OF THE BLASTOCYST TO THE SURFACE OF THE ENDOMETRIUM
DECREASE OF SECRETION UTERINE GLANDS
DESTRUCTION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE OF ENDOMETRIUM
DESTRUCTION OF ENDOMETRIAL EPITHELIUM
ACTIVATION OF SECRETION UTERINE GLANDS
ON 20TH DAY OF EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT THE SEPARATION OF THE EMBRYO BODY FROM PROVISIONAL (EXTRAEMBRYONIC) ORGANS OCCURS. WHAT IS FORMED DURING THIS PROCESS?
BODY FLEXION
AMNIOTIC FOLD
COELOM
CONNECTING STALK
SOMITES
IN THE SLIDE IT CAN BE SEEN THE BALL-SHAPED EXTRAEMBRYONIC ORGAN CONNECTED WITH PRIMITIVE GUT TUBE. ITS WALL IS COVERED BY EPITHELIUM INSIDE AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE OUTSIDE. AT EARLY STAGES OF EMBRYOGENESIS IT PERFORMS THE FUNCTION OF HEMATOPOIETIC ORGAN. WHAT IS THIS?
YOLK SAC
ALLANTOIS
AMNION
UMBILICAL CORD
PLACENTA
WHAT IS FORMED FROM TROPHOBLAST DURING EMBRYOGENESIS THAT HAS ENDOCRINE FUNCTION. NAME THIS ORGAN.
VILLOUS CHORION (FETAL PART OF PLACENTA)
YOLK SAC
AMNION
ALLANTOIS
UMBILICAL CORD
A HUMAN EMBRYO CONSISTS OF TWO BLASTOMERES. NAME THE PLACE OF ITS NORMAL LOCALIZATION.
UTERINE TUBE, NEAR ITS AMPULLAR SEGMENT
PROXYMAL SEGMENT OF UTERINE TUBE
UTERINE CAVITY
ABDOMINAL CAVITY
OVARY
A HUMAN EMBRYO CONSISTS OF LIGHT SMALL BLASTOMERES AT THE PERIPHERY, DARK BIG BLASTOMERES LOCATED NEAR ITS ONE POLE AND CAVITY INSIDE. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THIS EMBRYO?
BLASTOCYST
EMBRYONIC DISK
MORULA
ZYGOTE
GASTRULA
DURING EXAMINATION OF A PREGNANT WOMAN A DOCTOR PAID ATTENTION TO HER ANAMNESIS. ACCORDING TO IT THIS WOMAN HAD ACUTE INFECTIOUS DISEASE AROUND THE 3D-4TH WEEK OF PREGNANCY. WHICH STAGE OF EMBRYOGENESIS COULD BE DAMAGED?
FORMATION OF THE PRIMITIVE GUT TUBE
IMPLANTATION
PLACENTATION
DEVELOPMENT OF THE BRAIN
FORMATION OF REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
AN EMBRYO ATTACHED TO ENDOMETRIUM WAS FOUND IN THE UTERINE CAVITY. WHAT IS THE DEVELOPMENT STAGE OF THIS EMBRYO?
BLASTOCYST
ZYGOTE
MORULA
GASTRULA
NEURULA
DURING ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION OF A PREGNANT WOMAN DOCTOR FOUND OUT THE DISORDERS OF THE BRAIN DEVELOPMENT. ACCORDING TO ANAMNESIS SHE SUFFERS FROM CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM. WHICH CRITICAL PERIOD OF HUMAN EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT HAS BOND WITH PATHOLOGY OF THE FETUS?
15-20 WEEK OF EMBRYOGENESIS
7-8 DAYS OF EMBRYOGENESIS
20-24 WEEK OF EMBRYOGENESIS
3-8 WEEK OF EMBRYOGENESIS
LABOUR STAGE
THE DISINTEGRATION OF EMBRYO FERTILIZATION MEMBRANE HAS HAPPENED IN THE UTERINE TUBE. WHAT PREGNANCY COMPLICATION IS POSSIBLE IN THIS CASE?
IMPLANTATION OF EMBRYO IN THE TUBE'S WALL
RETURNING BACK BLASTOCYST IN AMPULLAR SEGMENT OF THE TUBE
DEATH OF EMBRYO
INVAGINATION OF BLASTOCYST WALL
FORMATION OF TWO BLASTOCYSTS
THE FINGERLIKE MEMBRANOUS SAC DEVELOPS FROM THE VENTRAL WALL OF THE PRIMITIVE HINDGUT WHICH GROWS OUT INTO THE AMNIOTIC (BODY) STALK. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THIS PROVISIONAL (TEMPORARY) ORGAN?
ALLANTOIS
UMBILICAL CORD
YOLK SAC
AMNION
PLACENTA
IN A SLIDE IT CAN BE SEEN A TRANSVERSE SECTION OF AN ORGAN WHICH CONSISTS OF THE MUCOUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE, TWO ARTERIES AND A VEIN. WHAT IS THIS?
UMBILICAL CORD
ALLANTOIS
YOLK SAC
AMNION
PLACENTA
IN A HUMAN EMBRYO SLIDE IT CAN BE SEEN A VESICLE CONNECTED WITH PRIMITIVE GUT TUBE. THIS IS A PROVISIONAL (TEMPORARY) ORGAN. PRIMARY SEX CELLS (GONOBLASTS) AND PRIMARY ERYTHROCYTES (MEGALOBLASTS) ARE VISIBLE IN ITS WALL. WHAT IS IT?
YOLK SAC
ALLANTOIS
PLACENTA
UMBILICAL CORD
AMNION
THE FETAL UMBILICAL CORD COMPRESSION HAS OCCURRED DURING PREGNANCY BUT THE BLOOD CIRCULATION BETWEEN THE FETUS AND THE UTERUS WAS NOT BROKEN. WHAT STRUCTURE PREVENTED THE COMPRESSION OF UMBILICAL CORD?
MUCOUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE
TUNIC OF ARTERIA
ALLANTOIS WALL
YOLK SAC WALL
AMNION WALL
THE DISINTEGRATION OF CONTACTS BETWEEN FOLLICULAR CELLS OF ZONA GRANULOSA OF AN OOCYTE HAS NOT HAPPEND. WHAT PROCESS WAS DAMAGED?
DENUDATION
ELIMINATION
CAPACITATION
CORTICAL REACTION
MODIFICATION
THE PROCESS OF FORMATION OF THE PRIMITIVE KNOTWAS DISTURBED DURING GASTRULATION IN AN EMBRYO. THE DEVELOPMENT OF WHAT AXIAL ORGAN WILL BE SLOWED DOWN?
NOTOCHORD
INTESTINAL TUBE
NERVOUS TUBE
NERVOUS CREST
NERVOUS GROOVE
IN A SLIDE IT CAN BE SEEN A CHICKEN EMBRYO AT THE STAGE OF THE SUBDIVISION OF PARAXIAL MESODERM INTO SOMITES, INTERMEDIATE MESODERM (NEPHROTOME) AND SPLANCHNOTOME. FROM WHICH PART DOES AXIAL SKELETON DEVELOP?
SCLEROTOME
DERMATOME
NEPHROTOME
SPLANCHNOTOME
MYOTOME
CELLS WITH SEX CHROMATIN (BARR' BODIES) IN THE NUCLEI WERE FOUND AFTER AN AMNIOCENTESIS PROCEDURE (THE PUNCTURE OF AN AMNION). WHAT DOES IT MEAN?
DEVELOPMENT OF THE FEMALE ORGANISM
DEVELOPMENT OF MALE ORGANISM
GENETIC DISORDERS IN DEVELOPMENT OF FETUS
TRISOMY
POLYPLOIDIA
TWO VESICLES (AMNIOTIC AND YOLK SACS) WHICH HAVE CONTACT BETWEEN EACH OTHER ARE VISIBLE IN A SLIDE OF A 10-DAY OLD HUMAN EMBRYO. WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE STRUCTURE THAT IS LOCATED IN THE PLACE OF THEIR CONTACT?
EMBRYONIC DISK
ROOF OF YOLK SAC
BOTTOM OF AMNIOTIC SAC
AMNIOTIC STALK
EXTRAEMBRYONIC MESODERM
THE DETACHMENT OF PLACENTA HAS OCCURRED DURING PREGNANCY. WHAT FORMS THE FETAL PART OF PLACENTA?
VILLOUS CHORION (CHORION FRONDOSUM)
SMOOTH CHORION (CHORION LEAVE)
BASAL LAMINA OF ENDOMETRIUM
AMNIOTIC SAC
DECIDUA BASALIS OF ENDOMETRIUM
FORMATION OF AXIAL ORGANS HAS BEGUN IN THE HUMAN EMBRYO. WHAT IS THE GESTATIONAL AGE?
17 DAYS
3 MONTHS
1 MONTH
2 MONTHS
12 DAYS
THE HUMAN PLACENTA HAS BEEN FORMED. WHAT IS THE GESTATIONAL AGE?
THE END OF THE 3D MONTHS
END OF THE 4TH WEEK
12 DAYS
END OF THE 10TH WEEK
THE 4TH MONTH
WHAT IS THE TYPE OF THE HUMAN OVUM?
SECONDARY OLYGOLECITHAL
PRIMARILY OLYGOLECITHAL
MESOLECITHAL
HIGHLY TELOLECITHAL
CENTROLECITHAL
IT IS KNOWN THAT PROCESS OF GASTRULATION BEGINS IN THE 2ND WEEK OF HUMAN EMBRYOGENESIS. WHAT TYPE OF GASTRULATION IS SPECIFIC FOR HUMAN EMBRYO?
DELAMINATION AND MIGRATION
EPIBOLY
INVAGINATION
MIGRATION AND INVAGINATION
EPIBOLY AND INVAGINATION
A WOMAN WAS ADMITTED TO THE MATERNITY WARD OF THE HOSPITAL WITH DIAGNOSIS "THE ABORTION IN PROGRESS" (THE EMBRYO REJECTION). WHAT IS THE TIME OF HUMAN EMBRYO IMPLANTATION?
7-8 DAYS
5-6 DAYS
1-3 DAYS
3-5 DAYS
10-12 DAYS
A CHILD WAS BORN "IN A SHIRT". ABOUT WHAT "SHIRT" IT IS SAID IN THIS CASE?
AMNIOTIC SAC
TROPHOBLAST
YOLK SAC
TUNICA SEROSA
CHORION
IMPLANTATION OF EMBRYO HAS HAPPENED. WHAT IS THE GESTATIONAL AGE AND WHAT IS THE STAGE OF EMBRYOGENESIS?
7 DAYS, BLASTOCYST
1 DAYS, MORULA
22 DAYS, SOMITIZATION
17 DAYS, FORMATION OF AXIAL ORGANS
14 DAYS, GASTRULATION
IT IS KNOWN THAT NEWBORN CHILDREN HAVE IMMUNITY AGAINST SOME INFECTIOUS DISEASES. WHAT IS THE REASON?
MIGRATION OF MATERNAL ANTIBODIES TO FETAL BLOOD
FORMATION OF OWN ANTIBODIES
RAISED ACTIVITY OF MACROPHAGES
RAISED ACTIVITY OF LYMPHOCYTES
RAISED ACTIVITY OF ENZYMES
NAME THE EARLY STAGES OF HUMAN EMBRYOGENESIS IN A CONSECUTIVE ORDER.
FERTILIZATION, CLEAVAGE, GASTRULATION, FORMATION OF BODY FLEXION
FERTILIZATION, FORMATION OF BODY FLEXION, GASTRULATION
FERTILIZATION, GASTRULATION, CLEAVAGE, FORMATION OF BODY FLEXION
FERTILIZATION, FORMATION OF AXIAL ORGANS, GASTRULATION, FORMATION OF BODY FLEXION
FERTILIZATION, FORMATION OF AXIAL ORGANS, CLEAVAGE, GASTRULATION
WHAT ARE THE FEATURES OF THE OVUM STRUCTURE COMPARED WITH THE SOMATIC CELL STRUCTURE?
HAPLOID SET OF CHROMOSOMES AND YOLK INCLUSIONS IN THE CYTOPLASM
HAPLOID SET OF CHROMOSOMES AND ABSENCE OF ORGANELLES
ABSENCE OF RIBOSOMES AND MITOCHONDRIA
DIPLOID SET OF CHROMOSOMES AND PRESENCE OF PLASTID IN THE CYTOPLASM
ABSENCE OF PERFECTED NUCLEUS AND YOLK INCLUSIONS IN THE CYTOPLASM
WHAT ARE THE FEATURES OF THE SPERMATOZOON'S SHAPE?
THE PRESENCE OF THE HEAD, NECK, MIDDLE PIECE AND TAIL
THE PRESENCE OF ENVELOPE, HEAD AND TAIL
THE PRESENCE OF THE HEAD, BODY AND CILIA
THE PRESENCE OF THE HEAD, TAIL AND VILLI
ROUND FORM
WHAT IS ACROSOME OF SPERMATOZOA?
DERIVATIVE OF GOLGI COMPLEX
DERIVATIVE OF NUCLEUS
HARDENING OF CYTOLEMMA ON THE HEAD
AGGLOMERATE OF RIBOSOMES
DERIVATIVE OF ER
WHAT SET OF CHROMOSOMES DOES THE SPERMATOZOON HAVE?
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