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41. Imperfect Tense
This past tense corresponds to "was, were or used to." This tense is used for repeated, continuous, or ongoing actions; as well as for verbs that describe background and circumstances, such as weather, time, and physical, mental, and emotional states. (Use the passé composé for actions that happened once and are done.) Verbs that express mental and emotional states that are descriptive in nature are generally used in the imperfect more than the passé composé. These verbs are: aimer, avoir, croire, détester, espérer, être, penser, and préférer.
To form the stem, use the nous form of the present tense and drop the -ons. Then add these endings:
-ais | /ɛ/ | -ions | /jɔ̃/ |
-ais | /ɛ/ | -iez | /je/ |
-ait | /ɛ/ | -aient | /ɛ/ |
The only exception is être for which you must use the stem ét -, but still the same endings. Verb stems that end in -c must use a cedilla (ç) under the c to make it soft. Verb stems ending in -g keep the e before all forms except nous and vous.
être | |||
étais | /etɛ/ | étions | /etjɔ̃/ |
étais | /etɛ/ | étiez | /etje/ |
était | /etɛ/ | étaient | /etɛ/ |
commencer | manger | ||||||
commençais | /kɔmɑ̃sɛ/ | commencions | /kɔmɑ̃sjɔ̃/ | mangeais | /mɑ̃ʒɛ/ | mangions | /mɑ̃ʒjɔ̃/ |
commençais | /kɔmɑ̃sɛ/ | commenciez | /kɔmɑ̃sje/ | mangeais | /mɑ̃ʒɛ/ | mangiez | /mɑ̃ʒje/ |
commençait | /kɔmɑ̃sɛ/ | commençaient | /kɔmɑ̃sɛ/ | mangeait | /mɑ̃ʒɛ/ | mangeaient | /mɑ̃ʒɛ/ |
Avoir, Devoir, Pouvoir, Savoir, and Vouloir
These verbs change meanings, according to whether they are used in the imperfect or the passé composé.
| Imperfect | Passé Composé | ||
avoir | j'avais | I had | j'ai eu | I got, received |
devoir | je devais | I was supposed to | j'ai dû | I must have, I had to (and did) |
pouvoir | je pouvais | I was capable | j'ai pu | I was able to (and did), succeeded |
savoir | je savais | I knew | j'ai su | I found out, discovered |
vouloir | je voulais | I wanted to | j'ai voulu | I tried, decided, insisted |
The imperfect tense is also used with these constructions:
être en train de + infinitive = to be in the middle of doing something | |
J'étais en train d'étudier quand vous êtes arrivés. | I was (in the process of) studying when you arrived. |
être sur le point de + infinitive = to be just about to do something | |
J'étais sur le point de vous rappeler. | I was just about to call you back. |
aller + infinitive = going to do something | |
J'allais sortir quand le téléphone a sonné. | I was going to leave when the phone rang. |
venir de + infinitive = to have just done something | |
Je venais de manger, alors je n'avais plus faim. | I had just eaten, so I wasn't hungry anymore. |
42. Places / Les Endroits
school | l'école (f) | /ekɔl/ | university | l'université (f) | /ynivɛʀsite/ |
bathroom | les toilettes (f) | /twalɛt/ | bank | la banque | /bɑ̃k/ |
locker | le casier | /kɑzje/ | train station | la gare | /gaʀ/ |
drinking fountain | la fontaine | /fɔ̃tɛn/ | airport | l'aéroport (m) | /aeʀɔpɔʀ/ |
store | le magasin | /magazɛ̃/ | telephone | le téléphone | /telefɔn/ |
library | la biblio(thèque) | /biblijɔtɛk/ | apartment | l'appartement (m) | /apaʀtəmɑ̃/ |
office | le bureau | /byʀo/ | hotel | l'hôtel (m) | /otɛl/ |
stadium | le stade | /stad/ | village | le village | /vilaʒ/ |
cafe | le café | /kafe/ | factory | l'usine (f) | /yzin/ |
cafeteria | la cafétéria | /kafeteʀja/ | garden | le jardin | /ʒaʀdɛ̃/ |
movie theater | le cinéma | /sinema/ | castle | le château | /ʃato/ |
church | l'église (f) | /egliz/ | cathedral | la cathédrale | /katedʀal/ |
museum | le musée | /myze/ | zoo | le zoo | /zo/ |
pool | la piscine | /pisin/ | bakery | la boulangerie | /bulɑ̃ʒʀi/ |
countryside | la campagne | /kɑ̃paɲ/ | monument | le monument | /mɔnymɑ̃/ |
beach | la plage | /plaʒ/ | pharmacy | la pharmacie | /faʀmasi/ |
theater | le théâtre | /teɑtʀ/ | butcher shop | la boucherie | /buʃʀi/ |
park | le parc | /paʀk/ | candy store | la confiserie | /kɔ̃fizʀi/ |
restaurant | le restaurant | /ʀɛstɔʀɑ̃/ | police station | la gendarmerie | /ʒɑ̃daʀm(ə)ʀi/ |
hospital | l'hôpital (m) | /ɔpital/ | town hall | la mairie | /mɛʀi/ |
post office | la poste | /pɔst/ | square | la place | /plas/ |
home | la maison | /mɛzɔ̃/ | bookstore | la librairie | /libʀɛʀi/ |
city | la ville | /vil/ | grocery store | l'épicerie (f) | /episʀi/ |
supermarket | le supermarché | /sypɛʀmaʀʃe/ | pastry shop | la pâtisserie | /pɑtisʀi/ |
delicatessen | la charcuterie | /ʃaʀkytʀi/ | fish market | la poissonnerie | /pwasɔnʀi/ |
Nowadays, la médiathèque /medjatɛk/ is replacing bibliothèque because most libraries also have DVDs and CDs to lend, not just books. You may also hear la cantine /kɑ̃tin/ to refer to the cafeteria in a school.
43. Transportation
by bike | en vélo (m) | /ɑ̃ velo/ |
by bus | en bus (m) | /ɑ̃ bus/ |
by moped | en scooter (m) | /ɑ̃ skutœʀ/ |
by car | en voiture (f) | /ɑ̃ vwatyʀ/ |
by motorcycle | en moto (f) | /ɑ̃ moto/ |
by subway | en métro (m) | /ɑ̃ metʀo/ |
on foot | à pied (m) | /a pje/ |
by plane | en avion (m) | /ɑ̃ navjɔ̃/ |
by train | en train (m) | /ɑ̃ tʀɛ̃/ |
by boat | en bateau (m) | /ɑ̃ bato/ |
Instead of using a specific verb of movement (drive, fly, walk) before a location, French actually uses a more general verb + the location + the manner of movement.
I walk to school. = Je vais à l'école à pied. (I go to school on foot.)
I'm flying to New York. = Je vais à New York en avion. (I go to New York by plane.)
Common slang words for car/automobile are une bagnole /baɲɔl/ or une caisse /kɛs/. In Quebec, it's un char /ʃaʀ/.
44. To Want & To Be Able To
vouloir /vulwaʀ/ -to wantand pouvoir /puvwaʀ/ - to be able to, can
Present | Imperfect | Future | |||||||||
veux | /vø/ | voulons | /vulɔ̃/ | voulais | /vulɛ/ | voulions | /vuljɔ̃/ | voudrai | /vudʀɛ/ | voudrons | /vudʀɔ̃/ |
veux | /vø/ | voulez | /vule/ | voulais | /vulɛ/ | vouliez | /vulje/ | voudras | /vudʀa/ | voudrez | /vudʀe/ |
veut | /vø/ | veulent | /vœl/ | voulait | /vulɛ/ | voulaient | /vulɛ/ | voudra | /vudʀa/ | voudront | /vudʀɔ̃/ |
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peux | /pø/ | pouvons | /puvɔ̃/ | pouvais | /puvɛ/ | pouvions | /puvjɔ̃/ | pourrai | /puʀɛ/ | pourrons | /puʀɔ̃/ |
peux | /pø/ | pouvez | /puve/ | pouvais | /puvɛ/ | pouviez | /puvje/ | pourras | /puʀa/ | pourrez | /puʀe/ |
peut | /pø/ | peuvent | /pœv/ | pouvait | /puvɛ/ | pouvaient | /puvɛ/ | pourra | /puʀa/ | pourront | /puʀɔ̃/ |
Voulez-vous? can mean Do you want? or Will you? The past participles are voulu and pu and both are conjugated with avoir. The conditional forms of vouloir are used in the expression "would like" i.e. I'd like = je voudrais, you'd like = tu voudrais, he'd/she'd like = il/elle voudrait, we'd like = nous voudrions, you'd like = vous voudriez, they'd like = ils/elles voudraient.
► You do not need to use pouvoir after verbs that involve the senses, such as voir (to see) and entendre (to hear). Je ne vois pas / Je n'entends pas can mean I don't see or I can't see / I don't hear or I can't hear depending on the context.
45. The House and Yard / La maison et le jardin
House | la maison | /mɛzɔ̃/ | Yard | le jardin | /ʒaʀdɛ̃/ |
Apartment | l'appartement (m) | /apaʀtəmɑ̃/ | Shrub | l'arbuste (m) | /aʀbyst/ |
Bedroom | la chambre | /ʃɑ̃bʀ/ | Lawn/grass | le gazon / la pelouse | /gazɔ̃/ /p(ə)luz/ |
Hallway | le couloir | /kulwaʀ/ | Bush | le buisson | /bɥisɔ̃/ |
Kitchen | la cuisine | /kɥizin/ | Tree | l'arbre (m) | /aʀbʀ/ |
Storeroom | le débarras | /debaʀa/ | Lawn mower | la tondeuse à gazon | /tɔ̃dœzagazɔ̃/ |
Stairs | l'escalier (m) | /ɛskalje/ | Hose | le tuyau d'arrosage | /tɥijodaʀozaʒ/ |
Floor | l'étage (m) | /etaʒ/ | Watering can | l'arrosoir (m) | /aʀozaʒ/ |
Living Room | le living / le salon | /liviŋ/ /salɔ̃/ | Rake | le râteau | /ʀɑto/ |
Closet | la penderie | /pɑ̃dʀi/ | Hoe | la bêche | /bɛʃ/ |
Room | la pièce | /pjɛs/ | Clippers | le cisaille | /sizɑj/ |
Ground Floor | le rez-de-chaussée | /ʀɛdʃose/ | Shovel | la pelle | /pɛl/ |
Dining Room | la salle à manger | /salamɑ̃ʒe/ | Sprinkler | l'arroseur (m) | /aʀozœʀ/ |
Bathroom | la salle de bains | /saldəbɛ̃/ | Lock (door) | la serrure | /seʀyʀ/ |
Terrace, patio | la terrasse | /tɛʀas/ | Lock (bolt) | le verrou | /vɛʀu/ |
Attic | le grenier | /gʀənje/ | Padlock | le cadenas | /kadna/ |
Chimney | la cheminée | /ʃ(ə)mine/ | Hinges | la charnière | /ʃaʀnjɛʀ/ |
Roof | le toit | /twɑ/ | Key | la clé | /kle/ |
Garage | le garage | /gaʀaʒ/ | Keychain | le porte-clé | /pɔʀtkle/ |
Driveway | l'allée (f) | /ale/ | Keyhole | le trou de la serrure | seʀyʀ/ |
Sidewalk | le trottoir | /tʀɔtwaʀ/ | Doorknob | la poignée de porte | /pwaɲedəpɔʀt/ |
Porch | le porche | /pɔʀʃ/ | Tile roofing | les tuiles (f) | /tɥil/ |
Basement | le sous-sol | /susɔl/ | Clapboard/Shingle | les bardeaux (m) | /baʀdo/ |
Cellar | la cave | /kav/ | Slate roofing | l'ardoise (f) | /aʀdwaz/ |
You may also see the words la loggia /lɔdʒja/ (small room off a large room - sometimes like a pantry) and la veranda /veʀɑ̃da/ (enclosed porch/balcony), as well as les toilettes /twalɛt/ (a separate room just for the toilet), for parts of a house or apartment.
46. Furniture and Appliances / Les meubles et l'Electromenager
Furniture | les meubles | /mœbl/ | Appliances | l'électroménager | /elɛktʀomenaʒe/ |
Shelf | l'étagère (f) | /etaʒɛʀ/ | Thermostat | le thermostat | /tɛʀmɔsta/ |
Desk | le bureau | /byʀo/ | Air Conditioner | le climatiseur | /klimatizœʀ/ |
Chair | la chaise | /ʃɛz/ | Fan | le ventilateur | /vɑ̃tilatœʀ/ |
Dresser | la commode | /kɔmɔd/ | Rocking chair | le fauteuilà bascule | /fotœjabaskyl/ |
Curtain | le rideau | /ʀido/ | Stool | le tabouret | /tabuʀɛ/ |
Curtain rod | la tringle | /tʀɛ̃gl/ | Cushion | le coussin | /kusɛ̃/ |
Shutters | les volets (m) | /vɔlɛ/ | Carpet | la moquette | /mɔkɛt/ |
Blinds | les stores (m) | /stɔʀ/ | Mixer / Beater | le batteur électrique | /batœʀelɛktʀik/ |
Window | la fenêtre | /fənɛtʀ/ | Blender | le mixeur | /miksœʀ/ |
Bed | le lit / le plumard | /li/ /plymaʀ/ | Can opener | l'ouvre-boîtes (m) | /uvʀəbwat/ |
Door | la porte | /pɔʀt/ | Toaster | le grille-pain | /gʀijpɛ̃/ |
Closet | le placard | /plakaʀ/ | Coffee maker | la cafétière | /kaftjɛʀ/ |
Rug | le tapis | /tapi/ | Coffee press | le moulin à café | /mulɛ̃ na kafe/ |
Lamp | la lampe | /lɑ̃p/ | Kettle | la bouilloire | /bujwaʀ/ |
Nightstand | la table de nuit | /tabldənɥi/ | Sheet | le drap | /dʀa/ |
Answering machine | le répondeur | /ʀepɔ̃dœʀ/ | Blanket | la couverture | /kuvɛʀtyʀ/ |
Stereo | la chaîne hi fi | /ʃɛn i fi/ | Mattress | le matelas | /matla/ |
Television | la télé(vision) | /televizjɔ̃/ | Bunkbeds | les lits superposés (m) | /lisypɛʀpoze/ |
VCR | le magnétoscope | /maɲetɔskɔp/ | Lightswitch | l'interrupteur (m) | /ɛ̃teʀyptœʀ/ |
Remote Control | la télécommande | /telekɔmɑ̃d/ | Lampshade | l'abat-jour (m) | /abaʒuʀ/ |
Computer | l'ordinateur (m) | /ɔʀdinatœʀ/ | Faucet | le robinet | /ʀɔbinɛ/ |
Radio | la radio | /ʀadjo/ | Drain/Piping | la canalisation | /kanalizasjɔ̃/ |
Fridge | le frigo | /fʀigo/ | Towel bar | le porte-serviettes | /pɔʀtsɛʀvjɛt/ |
Refrigerator | le réfrigérateur | /ʀefʀiʒeʀatœʀ/ | Laundry room | la buanderie | /bɥɑ̃dʀi/ |
Freezer | le congélateur | /kɔ̃ʒelatœʀ/ | Bleach | la javel | /ʒavɛl/ |
(Coffee) Table | la table (basse) | /tabl bas/ | Laundry basket | le panier à linge | /panje a lɛ̃ʒ/ |
Sink | l'évier (m) | /evje/ | Clothespin | la pince à linge | /pɛ̃s a lɛ̃ʒ/ |
Bathtub | la baignoire | /bɛɲwaʀ/ | Washing Machine | lamachine à laver/ le lave-linge | /maʃinalave/ /lavlɛ̃ʒ/ |
Stove | la cuisinière | /kɥizinjɛʀ/ | Clothes Dryer | le sèche-linge | /sɛʃlɛ̃ʒ/ |
Oven | le four | /fuʀ/ | Iron | le fer à repasser | /fɛʀaʀəpase/ |
Dishwasher | le lave-vaisselle | /lavvɛsɛl/ | Ironing board | la planche à repasser | /plɑ̃ʃaʀəpase/ |
Microwave | le four à micro-ondes | /fuʀamikʀoɔ̃d/ | Hanger | le cintre | /sɛ̃tʀ/ |
Shower | la douche | /duʃ/ | Vacuum | l'aspirateur (m) | /aspiʀatœʀ/ |
Pillow | l'oreiller | /ɔʀɛje/ | Broom | le balai | /balɛ/ |
Mirror | le miroir | /miʀwaʀ/ | Dustpan | la pelle | /pɛl/ |
Ceiling | le plafond | /plafɔ̃/ | Mop | la serpillière | /sɛʀpijɛʀ/ |
Floor | le plancher | /plɑ̃ʃe/ | Garbage | les ordures (f) | /ɔʀdyʀ/ |
Armchair | le fauteuil | /fotœj/ | Garbage bag | le sac poubelle | /sakpubɛl/ |
Clock | la pendule | /pɑ̃dyl/ | Garbage can | la poubelle | /pubɛl/ |
Bedspread | le couvre-lit | /kuvʀəli/ | Flyswatter | la tapette à mouche | /tapɛtamuʃ/ |
Vase | le vase | /vɑz/ | Clothes Dryer | le séchoir | /seʃwaʀ/ |
Bathroom sink | le lavabo | /lavabo/ | Hair Dryer | le sèche-cheveux | /seʃaʃəvø/ |
Futon couch | le clic-clac | /klik klak/ | Couch/Sofa | le canapé / le sofa | /kanape/ /sɔfa/ |
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| DVD Player | le lecteur de DVD | /lɛktœʀdədevede/ |
Monte le son. / Baisse le son. Turn up the volume. / Turn down the volume.
Allume la lumière. / Eteinds la télé. Turn on the light. / Turn off the television.
47. Comparatives & Superlatives
Comparatives | |
aussi (adj or adv) que | as (adj or adv) as |
moins (adj or adv) que | less (adj or adv) than |
plus (adj or adv) que | more (adj or adv) than |
plus de (noun) que | more (noun) than |
autant de (noun) que | as many (noun) as |
moins de (noun) que | less (noun) than |
Sample Sentences | |
She is taller than Colette. | Elle est plus grande que Colette. |
I am smarter than you. | Je suis plus intelligente que toi. |
Peter runs less quickly than me. | Pierre court moins rapidement que moi. |
The kitchen is as big as the living room. | La cuisine est aussi grande que le salon. |
I have more books than she. | J'ai plus de livres qu' elle. |
We have as many cars as he. | Nous avons autant de voitures que lui. |
Verbs can also be compared with plus/aussi/moins (+ que):
Il travaille moins qu 'elle. He works less than she.
Ils dorment plus. They sleep more.
Superlatives
Simply add le, la or les before the comparative if you are using an adjective. With adverbs, always use le. After a superlative, de is used to mean in. If the adjective follows the noun, the superlative follows the noun also, surrounding the adjective.
Sample Sentences | |
It's the biggest city in the world. | C'est la plus grande ville du monde. |
She is the most beautiful woman in this room. | Elle est la plus belle femme de cette salle. |
This neighborhood is the least expensive in Paris. | Ce quartier est le moins cher de Paris. |
It's the most dreaded punishment in the world. | C'est la punition la plus redoutable du monde. |
She works the most courageously of everyone. | Elle travaille le plus courageusement de tous. |
In French, sometimes you don't use any articles, as compared to English:
Plus ça change, plus c'est la même chose. The more things change, the more they stay the same.
48. Irregular Forms
Adjective | Comparative | Superlative | |||
bon | good | meilleur/e | better | le/la meilleur/e | best |
mauvais | bad | pire | worse | le/la pire | worst |
petit | small | moindre | less | le/la moindre | least |
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Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||
bien | well | mieux | better | le mieux | best |
beaucoup | much | plus | more | le plus | most |
mal | badly | pis | worse | le pis | worst |
peu | little | moins | less | le moins | least |
Only use the irregular forms of mauvais in the abstract sense. If the idea is concrete, you may use plus/moins mauvais and le/la mauvais.
49. Clothing / Les vetements
pajamas | le pyjama |
| boxer shorts | le caleçon |
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jewelry | le bijou |
| briefs | le slip |
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necklace | le collier |
| panties | la culotte |
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jeans | le jean |
| tuxedo | le smoking |
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pants | le pantalon |
| bowtie | le nœud papillon |
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sweater | le pull |
| vest/cardigan | le gilet |
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turtleneck | le col roulé |
| flip flops | les tongs |
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raincoat | l'imperméable (m) |
| sleeve | la manche |
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blouse | le chemisier |
| la poche |
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bra | le soutien-gorge |
| decorative scarf | la foulard |
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slip | le jupon |
| man's suit | le costume |
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coat | le manteau |
| woman's suit | le tailleur |
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tennis shoes | des tennis (m) |
| slippers | des pantoufles (f) |
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swimsuit | le maillot de bain |
| jacket | le blouson |
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shorts | le short |
| underwear | les sous-vêtements |
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bracelet | le bracelet |
| gloves | les gants (m) |
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charm | le porte-bonheur |
| mittens | les moufles (f) |
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t-shirt | le tee-shirt |
| belt | la ceinture |
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hat | le chapeau |
| cap | la casquette |
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ring | la bague |
| skirt | la jupe |
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chain | la chaînette |
| dress | la robe |
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earrings | les boucles d'oreilles (f) |
| sandal | la sandale |
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pin | l'épingle (f) |
| boots | des bottes (f) |
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sock | la chaussette |
| blazer/coat | la veste |
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shoe | la chaussure |
| scarf | l'écharpe (f) |
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man's shirt | la chemise |
| tie | la cravate |
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hooded jacket | l'anorak |
| slipper shoes | des chaussons |
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sneakers | des baskets |
| high heels | des escarpins |
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track suit | le jogging |
| long shorts | le bermuda |
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size (clothes) | la taille |
| size (shoes) | la pointure |
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Les bas (stockings) and les collants (tights) are popular in France. Chaussures à talons hauts are high-heeled shoes, while chaussures à talons plats are flat shoes. Chaussures de ville are dress shoes. A slang word for clothes is les fringues.
50. To Wear
Mettre /mɛtʀ/ - to put, to put on, wear | |||||||||||
Present | Imperfect | Future | |||||||||
mets | /mɛ/ | mettons | /mɛtɔ̃/ | mettais | /mɛtɛ/ | mettions | /mɛtjɔ̃/ | mettrai | /mɛtʀɛ/ | mettrons | /mɛtʀɔ̃/ |
mets | /mɛ/ | mettez | /mɛte/ | mettais | /mɛtɛ/ | mettiez | /mɛtje/ | mettras | /mɛtʀa/ | mettrez | /mɛtʀe/ |
met | /mɛ/ | mettent | /mɛt/ | mettait | /mɛtɛ/ | mettaient | /mɛtɛ/ | mettra | /mɛtʀa/ | mettront | /mɛtʀɔ̃/ |
Other verbs that are conjugated like mettre: promettre - to promise and permettre - to permit. The past participle of mettre is mis and it is conjugated with avoir.
Porter is actually the verb to wear, but the French use mettre also.
Il / Elle te va bien. | It looks good on you. (informal) |
Il / Elle vous va bien. | It looks good on you. (formal) |
Ils / Elles te vont bien. | They look good on you. (informal) |
Ils / Elles vous vont bien. | They look good on you. (formal) |
51. Future Tenses: Simple and Anterior
The futur simple expresses an action that will take place [will + infinitive]. The futur antérieur expresses an action that will have taken place before another future action [will have + past participle]. The future tense is used just like it is in English, however, in French, the future is always used after quand or lorsque (when), dès que or aussitôt que (as soon as) and tant que (as long as.)
To form the future tense, use the infinitive and add these endings that resemble those of avoir. However, you drop the -e from -re verbs.
-ai | /ɛ/ | -ons | ɔ̃/ |
-as | /a/ | -ez | /e/ |
-a | /a/ | -ont | /ɔ̃/ |
parler | choisir | perdre | |||
parlerai | parlerons | choisirai | choisirons | perdrai | perdrons |
parleras | parlerez | choisiras | choisirez | perdras | perdrez |
parlera | parleront | choisira | choisiront | perdra | perdront |
And of course, there are exceptions. Here are the irregular stems for the future tense (these will also be used in the conditional tense):
Irregular Stems | |||
aller | ir- | pleuvoir | pleuvr- |
avoir | aur- | pouvoir | pourr- |
courir | courr- | recevoir | recevr- |
devoir | devr- | savoir | saur - |
envoyer | enverr- | tenir | tiendr- |
être | ser- | valoir | vaudr- |
faire | fer- | venir | viendr- |
falloir | faudr- | voir | verr- |
mourir | mourr- | vouloir | voudr- |
être | aller | ||
serai | serons | j'irai | irons |
seras | serez | iras | irez |
sera | seront | ira | iront |
Other exceptions: For appeler and jeter, double the consonant. For nettoyer and payer, change the y to i. For acheter, add an accent grave. For préférer, the accents all remain the same.
jeter |
| payer |
| acheter |
| préférer | ||||
jetterai | jetterons |
| paierai | paierons |
| achèterai | achèterons |
| préférerai | préférerons |
jetteras | jetterez |
| paieras | paierez |
| achèteras | achèterez |
| préféreras | préférerez |
jettera | jetteront |
| paiera | paieront |
| achètera | achèteront |
| préférera | préféreront |
To form the futur antérieur (will have + past participle), use the future of either avoir or être (whichever the main verb takes) and the past participle of the main verb.
Quand ils reviendront, ils auront changé. When they come back, they will have changed.
Dès qu'ils seront revenus, ils voudront repartir. As soon as they have returned, they will want to leave again.
52. Preceding & Plural Adjectives
| Masculine | Feminine | ||||
Adjective | Singular | Plural |
| Singular | Plural |
|
beautiful | beau (bel) | beaux |
| belle | belles |
|
good | bon | bons |
| bonne | bonnes |
|
dear | cher | chers |
| chère | chères |
|
crazy | fou (fol) | foux |
| folle | folles |
|
nice | gentil | gentils |
| gentille | gentilles |
|
big | grand | grands |
| grande | grandes |
|
large | gros | gros |
| grosse | grosses |
|
young | jeune | jeunes |
| jeune | jeunes |
|
pretty | joli | jolis |
| jolie | jolies |
|
long | long | longs |
| longue | longues |
|
bad | mauvais | mauvais |
| mauvaise | mauvaises |
|
better, best | meilleur | meilleurs |
| meilleure | meilleures |
|
soft | mou (mol) | moux |
| molle | molles |
|
new | nouveau (nouvel) | nouveaux |
| nouvelle | nouvelles |
|
little | petit | petits |
| petite | petites |
|
old | vieux (vieil) | vieux |
| vieille | vieilles |
|
The masculine singular and plural are pronounced the same, as are the feminine singular and plural. These are the most common adjectives that go before the noun. An acronym to remember
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