The lives of the crewmembers and the safe operation of the vessel depend on the knowledge and skills of everybody aboard.

Emergency Situations

The lives of the crewmembers and the safe operation of the vessel depend on the knowledge and skills of everybody aboard.

Successful defense against danger on board is only possible if careful planning ensures that in emergency the necessary appliances are available and serviceable and every member of the crew knows how to behave himself.

In working out the measures to be taken in emergencies the planning should rely on international and national regulations. This planning for emergencies is expressed in the MUSTER LIST. This list contains the prescribed exercises with the life-saving appliances and equipment.

Members of the crew are formed into small teams called “units” which in an emergency carry out life-saving and fire-defense procedure tasks.

The muster list is posted on the bridge and in other places accessible to the crew. From this muster list each member of the crew can deduce his membership of the unit to which he belongs for drills and in an emergency.

Remember: SAFETY FIRST!

There are some common safety rules on joining the ship:

1. You should check the escape routes from your cabin and work place to lifeboat or life raft station.

2. You should locate two fire extinguishers nearest your cabin.

3. You should locate the nearest fire alarm to your cabin.

4. You should check your lifejacket.

5. You should know where spare lifejackets are stowed.

6. You should know where all life boats are stowed.

7. You should check the position of all fire fighting equipment at your place of work.

8. You should find your way in darkness from your cabin and place of work to the nearest exit to the deck.

9. Discuss with the Safety Officer any points, which you are uncertain in or not fully understand.

General emergency alarm consists of 7 or more short blasts followed by one long blast of the ship’s whistle and the alarm bells.

At the general emergency alarm the sailors must:

1) close the watertight doors, leading to the superstructure and other compartments;

2) put on the life jacket;

3) come to the Muster station immediately;

4) get ready the life-boats for launching;

5) get ready the life-saving equipment.

Fire at sea is one of the greatest hazards facing any ship. Everyone on board must be constantly alert for fire and know how to respond.

In order to avoid fire:

1. Do not smoke, unless you are in the places where it is permitted:

2. Do not use faulty electrical equipment;

3. Do not overload electrical sockets;

4. Keep combustible material away from hot surfaces and naked flames.

In case of fire the sailors must:

1) break the glass of the fire alarm box press the button;

2) call up the bridge and inform the officer of the watch;

3) close the watertight doors, fire doors;

4) bring the extinguisher, fire crowbar, the fire-axe, sand, hoses and nozzles to the seats of the fire;

5) put out the fire.

One can find portable fire extinguishers throughout the ship. Everyone should know their

location and types. Depending on the kind of fire, different types of fire extinguishers are used to fight:

1. Water extinguisher is usually of red colour, used on paper, wood, fibrous materials.
2. Foam extinguisher – colours may vary, used on both combustible materials and flammable liquids.
3. Dry powder extinguisher is usually of blue colour, used on electrical fires.
4. CO₂ extinguisher (carbon dioxide) is usually of black colour, used on electrical fires and equipment.

In case of flooding the sailors must:

1) bring the collision mat and the sheets and make fast the collision mat;

2) stand by the control lanyard;

3) bring and make fast the hogging line;

4) stand by the winch;

5) if necessary stop the hole with a cement box and sand, and liquid glass from the inner (внутренний) side.

At the “man overboard” alarm sailors must:

1) screw the drain plug;

2) carry the painters;

3) bring the blankets;

4) release the boat gripe;

5) release the boat lifeboat falls;

6) heave in the painters;

7) launch the lifeboat;

8) act as a rower.

At the boat alarm the sailors must:

1) screw the drain plugs;

2) release the boat gripe;

3) get ready the painters;

4) release the forward (aft) lifeboat falls;

5) throw the life rafts overboard;

6) ensure safe embarkation of the lifeboats and rafts;

7) act as a helmsman.

to depend on зависеть от

defense защита

to ensure обеспечивать

necessary appliances необходимые приборы

available доступный

serviceable прочный

to behave oneself вести себя

to work out разрабатывать

emergency чрезвычайная ситуация

to rely on полагаться на

international and national regulations международные и национальные правила

muster list расписание по постам

to carry out исполнять

accessible доступный

escape route запасной выход

lifeboat спасательная шлюпка

life raft спасательный плот

fire extinguisher огнетушитель

fire alarm пожарная тревога

lifejacket спасательный жилет

fire fighting equipment противопожарное оборудование

blast гудок

watertight doors водонепроницаемые двери

superstructure надстройка

compartment жилое помещение

hazard опасность

faulty поврежденный

electrical socket электрическая розетка

combustible material горючий материал

fire crowbar пожарный лом

hoses шланги

nozzles распылитель

portable переносный

fibrous materials волокнистые материалы

foam extinguisher пенный огнетушитель

flammable liquids легко воспламеняющиеся жидкости

dry powder extinguisher порошковый огнетушитель

collision столкновение

to stand by приготовить

lanyard фал

winch лебедка

drain plug пробка водоотвода

to heave in поднимать на борт

to release выпускать

Дата добавления: 2015-11-04