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ФМБК
LEXICAL MINIMUM
2nd year 3rd term
ECONOMICS
KEY NOTIONS
Economy (the system according to which the money, industry, and trade of a country or region are organized.)
Economics (the branch of knowledge concerned with the production, consumption, and transfer of wealth)
Capital (a valuable resource of a particular kind)
Supply and demand (the amount of a commodity, product, or service available and the desire of buyers for it, considered as factors regulating its price)
GDP (the total value of goods and services produced within a country in a year. `gross domestic product'.)
GNP (the total value of all final goods and services produced annually by a nation) Scarcity (the state of being scarce or in short supply; shortage)
Human / material resources (the personnel of a business or organization, regarded as a significant asset in terms of skills and abilities/)
Equilibrium (a situation in which supply and demand are matched and prices stable)
Opportunity costs (the loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen)
Invisible hand
Macroeconomics
Microeconomics
WORDS WORD-COMBINATIONS
Fluctuate(['flʌkʧueɪt ], [-tju-]/ быть неустойчивым, меняться; колебаться; колыхаться) remain stable
dimension economic issues
scarcity social standing
imply economic reasoning
abundant state of the economy
idle commonly-agreed upon goals
volatile (непостоянный, изменчивый; неуловимый, переменный) future returns
allocate standard of living
(un)certainty available resources
Inputs(затраты (на производство)) privileged few
Output(продукция; выпуск изделий) ‘man-made’ goods
labour capital goods
rent absorb the losses
entrepreneurshsip to waste resources
preserve economic rewards
harness (инвентарь, снаряжение) laissez-faire
(semi)official succeeding generations
self-adjusting well-worn truths
confirm factual evidence(фактическое доказательство)
treatise(научный труд; курс (учебник)) dominate macro policy
rivalry pure competition
oligopoly substitute products
assets(актив(ы); средства; имущество; фонды; капитал; ресурсы) two consecutive quarters
intensity (un)employment rate
downturn capacity utilization rate
upturn sustainable rate
actual aggregate economy (output)
target domestic product
trough(самый низкий уровень экономической активности) most-used economic measure
exceed monetary value
the totals(итоги Syn: results, output, amount) shadow economy
policymakers net international trade(чистый объем торговли)
misleading total amount
curve bartering goods
emerge(вставать, возникать (о вопросе)) subject matter
long-term pursue interest
short-term enforce / enact law
expound(объяснять, пояснять, интерпретировать, разъяснять, толковать) encourage growth monitor the performance
PREPOSITIONS
Refer to at a given price
Allocate within an industry charge a price for goods
Derive from point along the curve
Be blessed with (with the same quality…) vary inversely / directly with the price
Quest for profit supply of
Interfere with demand for
Views on public policy lead to
Cast a mold for barriers to the competition
Leave the imprint on exert some control over
For this reason concentrate / focus on
At the secular (long-term) rate come out of the trough
Go into a contraction (expansion) contribute to
Go under the name add to / up
Compare to / with opposite to
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