What is population of Canada?

LAND OF DIVERSITY

What is population of Canada?

Is Canada a rich country?

Are Canadians a bilingual nation?

O Canada! Where pines and maples grow, Great prairies spread and lordly rivers flow, How dear to us thy broad domain,

From east to western sea Thou land of hope, for all who toil! The true North, strong and free!

Canada /Indian "kanata" - a village/ is a magnificent land. It has an area of nearly 10,000,000 square kilometers and population about 28 million; 550,000 Indians, and 1 36,000 Inuits. 23% of population live in rural areas. The majority of the Indians. live in 2,200 reservations. Canada has two official languages: English /69%/, and French Z24%/. 6% of Canadians speak Italian, Chinese, German and Portuguese.

Within its borders lies a diversity of life, landscape and climate that few countries can rival. Bordered on three sides by oceans, Canada possesses a variety of terrain, from rainforests to nearly deserts. Its mountains range from the peaks of the western Cordillera to the peaksof the Laurentians. Canada has 7 land regions. The Canadian Shield, the Hudson Bay-Arctic Lowlands, Arctic islands, the Appalachian, the Great Lakes lowland, the Western Interior and the Western Cordilleras.

The Canadian Shield is the heart of North America and geographic foundation of Canada. It covers 48 % of the country. Some of the world's oldest rock -over 3 500 000 000 years old- is found here. It is called the storehouse of Canada's metallic minerals.

The Hudson Bay-Arctic Lowlands are covered by swampy forests. The harsh climate doesn't permit farming here but the animals and minerals of the region are important resources

The Appalachians stretch from the state of Georgia of the Southern U.S. to Newfoundland in the north. They are the oldest Highland region in Canada.

The Great Lakes lowland lies south of the Canadian Shield. It was formed during Paleozoic era, It includes the Great Lakes section. ]

The Western Cordillera stands along the western edge of Canada like a great wall. It is famous for beautiful glaciers. The Rocky Mountains are on the eastern side of the Cordillera. The highest peak in the Canadian Rockies is Mount Robson /3,954m/

Canada is a northern country, but its climate v aries dramatically. Winters can be long and cold, summers often scorching. Ocean currents moderate these extremes - the southwest coast of British Columbia is labeled Canada's "banana belt". Two thirds of Canada has harsh winters /in the far north -40C, in the south -18C, at St. John's, Newfoundland -4C, in Victoria +4C/. Northern and Western Canada are cool in summer. A July temperature is +9C, +16C in Victoria. The interior has' a continental climate. Southeastern Canada has a humid climate. Heavy snow covers eastern Canada in winter.

From the land comes a variety of riches. Forests are the basis of a lumber industries. The Prairie Provinces provide wheat and other crops. A bountiful harvest of fruits and vegetables is reaped from fertile farming districts across the country. Canada is rich in petroleum, natural gal and minerals: its riches still uncounted. Canada is one of the leading producers of nickel and zinc, silver, asbestos,, uranium, molybdenum, potash and platinum.

Canada's water resources are remarkable. Its lakes account for one half of the world's fresh water. River systems provide hydroelectric power for domestic use and export.

The astonishing natural beauty attracts visitors from around the world. The people of Canada are its greatest resource. A mixture of nationalities and races, its population has often been termed a "mosaic". Native people, Indian and Inuit, French and English are joined by immigrants from every corner of the globe. It is officially bilingual nation.

PROVINCES AND TERRITORIES

ONTARIO

What is the cradle of white civilization of North America?

What is the "Birthplace of Canada"? What is the seat of French culture in Canada?

The area is 1,068,582 sq km. Population is about 9.000,000. Toronto is the capital, major economic center and port of Ontario Floral emblem is White Trillium. Tree: White Pine. Gemstone: Amethyst. Colors: Green/Yellow. The motto is in Latin Ut incepit fidelis sic permanet - "Loyal she began and loyal she remains". The Loyalists settled here in 1784.

Ontario is Canada's second largest, most prosperous and populous province. It is huge and diverse. Ontario borders four of the five Great Lakes. Most of the population lives in the productive south region, along the shores of Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. Ontario soil yields the highest total agricultural production in the nation. Northern Ontario is a vast track of wilderness, dog sled country;

The most significant landmark is Niagara Falls unequalled in the world. Niagara Falls is a place of beauty, history, romance and power! It's truly a wonder of the world. Niagara Falls lie between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. A waterfall in the Niagara is divided by an island into Horseshoe or Canadian Falls / 2,600 ft wide, 162 ft high/ and American Falls /1000 ft wide, 167 ft high/. Niagara's "fantastic voyage" is a ride on one of the world's famous "Maid of the Mist " boats. Visitors enjoy the Journey Behind the Falls attracton and Niagara Spanish Aero Car. Skylon Tower is a breathtaking 775 feet above Niagara Falls with revolving Dining Room.

Ontario is the home of Ottawa, Canada's capital and Kingston, nation's first capital. In Kingston a stop at Fort Henry is a must during your visit. It was built after the war of 1812. Gananoque is known as the Canadian Gateway to the 1000 Islands". Every August Gananoque features the Festival of the Islands. For 10 days there are non-stop concerts, parachuting and fireworks..

NEWFOUNDLAND

The area is 404,517 sq km. Population is 600,000.. The floral emblem: Pitcher Plant. Gemstone: Labradorite. The motto is "Seek, ye first the kingdom of God"

Newfoundland is the cradle of white civilization in North America. Long ago Newfoundland greeted Norsemen and seafaring men from throughout the world. Idioms, long lost in England, still remain her folk lore. Conception Bay, with its giant bluefin tuna, has become one of the big fishing regions of world. Cod was taken from the Grand Banks off Newfoundland by the time John Cabot anchored here in 1497.

St John's is the capital City of the province. Colorful wooden houses brighten its streets. A variety from seals and sea lions to colonies of nesting seabirds, can be observed in several parks. The most picturesque of them are Gros Morne and Terra Nova. Newfoundland's least populated area is its mainland territory, Labrador. Its forests and minerals are important to the province's economy, but the fishery remains principal resource,

PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

The area is 5,657 sq km. Population is 125,000, The floral emblem is Lady^vs Slipper. Bird: Blue Jay, The motto: The small under the protection of the great.

She is truly the " Birthplace of Canada "' as the first Confederation Conference was held in Charlottetown in 1864. Prince Edward Island lies 9 miles of the mainland. Her rich red soil and pastoral landscape gives P.E.I, a fairyland appearance. It is a wave-washed, wind-swept, sun-kissed, air -cooled Can­ada's smallest province. It is 224 km long and from 6 to 64 km wide. Prince Edward Island is well known for its potato crops, fruits and vegetables. The shellfish of Prince Edward Island are a special treat

The province is valued by visitors for its peaceful atmosphere and the beauty of its green fields and characteristic red soil.

The provincial capital. Charlottetown, is a gracious city with beautiful houses and boulevards, The cradle of Confederation, Charlottetown hosted the 1864 conference that led to the foundation of Can­ada in 1867.

NOVA SCOTIA

The area is 55,491 sq km. Population is over 860,000. The floral emblem is Mayflower. Tree; Red Spruce. The motto is One defends and the other conquers.

Nova Scotia has a long history and counts it from the days of "wooden ships and iron men". Five nationalities settle the province. The first permanent settlement in Canada was at Port Royal, now a na­tional historic park. Nova Scotia has the only Gallic College on the Continent and her Highland Games are famous.

Nova Scotia, surrounded by the sea, has a beautiful coastline. The maritime tradition is evident everywhere, The magic of Nova Scotia is the Bay of Fundy, Peggy's Cove and the cape Breton Highland places dear to the hearts of fisherman and artists. Nova Scotia is "almost an island and nearly heaven.

The capital of the province is the port city of Halifax, a fascinating mixture of historic buildings and modern architecture. From Halifax, it is a short drive to the picturesque and much-photographed village of Peggy’s Cove.

NEW BRUNSWICK

The area is 73,436 sq km. Population is over 712,000. The floral emblem is Purple Violet Tree: Balsam Fir. Bird: Black-capped Chickadee. The motto is in Latin Spem Reduxit -Hope restored. the prov­ince is officially bilingual.

New Brunswick is a land of cities, ports, beaches and historic sites. A must for every visitor is beautiful fundy National Park, a panorama of hillsides, sandy beaches and giant Fundy tides. No one should ever leave New Brunswick without a feast of fresh lobster. 80% of the land is forested. The 600- mile coastline harbours a fishing industry. Inland waters are favorite with sportsmen.

The capital, Fredericton, is located in the heart of the province, on the beautiful St. John's River. The river, once passable, was the main transportation route of early settlers. Today, the river has been dammed to provide hydroelectric power, but it remains one of Canada's most scenic waterways,

QUEBEC

The area is 1,540,680 sq km. Population is over 6,000,000. Floral emblem is White Lily, Tree- American Elm. Mineral: Asbestos. Bird: Snowy Owl. The motto is Je me souviens -1 remembemtm

Quebec is Canada's largest province. It is the seat of French culture in Canada. 82 percent of popu­lation carries on daily conversation and business in French. However nearly all can speak English to fulfill the needs of visitors.

Quebec boasts great areas of unspoiled wilderness. Its greatest river is St. Lawrence. Paper production, mining and hydroelectric power are mainstays of Quebec's economy. The sap of the maple tree is tapped each spring for real Canadian maple syrup. But to the visitor, the rich Gallic traditions of Montreal Quebec City and the hundreds of townships hold the most intrigue. Montreal pop. 3,000,000/ is Canada’s largest city and one of the great cosmopolitan centers. It offers magnificent hotels, excellent French cuisine and attractions from Paris, Broadway and Las Vegas. I

Historic Quebec City, the province's capital, embodies much of the allure of Quebec. Founded 1608,it is the only walled city in North America. Its location at the sudden narrowing of the St. Lawrence is reflected in it’s name – an Indian world, kebec, the place where the water narrows. The modern city is a year – second port and an active commercial centre. The Upper Town many tourists. From the horse- down carriages they may see the ramparts of the Citadel and the roofline of the Chateau Frontenac.

MANITOBA

The area is 650,087 sq km. Population is over 1,000 000. floral emblem is Prairie Crocus. Tree: White Spruce. Bird: Great Gray Manitoba has no motto

Manitoba is the land of fresh air, clear waters, sun and action. It makes the transition between east and west. At its western border, it shares the fertile grain-growing soil of the prairies. To its east, it blends with the evergreen hinds of northern Ontario. The southern part of the province is largely agricultural, Manitoba is noteworthy for its water resources and forested northern areas. Large lakes-Winnipeg, Manitoba and Winnipegosis- dominate the map.

Manitoba has a most sophisticated attitude to the arts, It offers any kind of fair, festival or celebration. The Manitoba Theatre Center and the Winnipeg Symphony Orchestra are famous around the world, in Winnipeg in front of Manitoba Legislature Building there is a monument to Taras Shevchenko.

Winnipeg is the capital and the largest city of Manitoba. It celebrates the diverse cultural heritage of the province and is the home of the renowned Royal Winnipeg Ballet.

SASKATCHEWAN

The area is 652,900 sq km. Population is about 1,000,000. Floral emblem is Prairie Lily Tree: While Birch. The motto is From Many Peoples Strength.

Saskatchewan is a montage of grain fields, gentle waterfalls and rushing rivers. 10,000 lakes and fivers offer the record catches of trout, walleye, and Arctic grayling. Saskatchewan is North America's puck factory and Canada's breadbasket. Saskatchewan also produces oil, gas, potash, uranium and coal. Residents point out a bonus for visitors: no bumper-to-bumper traffic. "We are big, we are beautiful, and what is pollution?'

The capital city; Regina, is situated on the man-made Wascana Lake. A large park surrounding the like houses the Legislature Buildings, the Museum of Natural History, the University of Regina, and Sas- latehewan's largest centre, it is the home to the University of Saskatchewan.

ALBERTA

The area is 661,185 sq km. Population is over 2,000,000. The floral emblem is Wild Rose. Tree; Pine. Bird: Owl. The motto is Strong and free.

Alberta is Canada's oil capital. It is a land for all seasons. Spring is a time for awakening prairies. Summer is a time of rodeos. Winter is a time to enjoy in the Canadian Rockies. Calgary is the center of cattle industry. Calgary boasts the largest city area in the North American continent, 156 sq ml. The cities are known for their "old west hospitality". Alberta's most beautiful and interesting areas are the Rockies and Dinosaur Provincial Park. In Alberta there is Ukrainian community. East of Edmonton there is the Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Village. In Vergeville there is the huge Ukrainian Easter Egg Sculpture. East of Edmonton there is St. Volodymyr’s Ukrainian Orthodox Church.

BRITISH COLUMBIA

The area is 948,596 sq km. Population is about 3,000,000. The emblems: Pacific Dogwood, Red Cedar, Jay. The motto is Splendor without diminishment.

British Columbia is a province of great beauty. It is Canada's third largest province and its most geographically diverse. It is also one of the fastest growing regions on the North American continent For­estry is the province's number one industry. Tourism runs a close second. Protected inland waters provide anchorage for countless commercial and pleasure craft. The port city of Vancouver is also known as a fan­tastic natural playground for sailing, golfing, swimming, hiking and skiing. The Cariboo is a region of re­mote cattle ranches and the rodeo. There are 350 parks.

The climate is also diverse. The mild, wet weather of the west coast is good for the giant firs and cedars. Hot sunny summers promote a fruit-growing industry. A multitude of bays and marinas attract thousands of boaters each year.

Victoria, the capital, located at the southern tip of Vancouver Island, enjoys a reputation of fabu­lous parks and gardens. As an example of the gardener's art is Butcharts Gardens.

YUKON TERRITORY

The area is 482,515 sq km. Population is over 22,000. The floral emblem is Fireweed. Bird: Ra­ven. Gemstone: Lazurite. Yukon has no motto.

Yukon is rich in minerals. Yukon Territory is a land that has inspired poets and writers. It is the land of igloos, the polar bear, dog sleds and the Midnight Sun. The Yukon had its large influx of popula­tion with the Klondike Gold Rush of 1890. Many people are drawn to the north for the splendour of its un­tamed wilderness. Yukon's National Park boasts of Mount Logan - the tallest peak of Canada /5,950 ml. The Territory's largest city, Whitehorse, is also the capital.

NORTHWEST TERRITORIES

The area is 3,379,684 sq km. Population is 44,000. The emblem is Mountain Avens. Tree: Jack Pine. Mineral: Native gold. NWT has no motto.

NWT is the home for 30,000 Eskimos, Indians, and white Canadians. But great frigid regions still resist man. Many wafers have never been fished; much of the land never hunted. Most of NWT is accessi­ble only by air. NWT is the saga of the 20^th century. Those who visit the 'Land of the Midnight Sun” usually find themselves caught by its magic and beauty:

Yellowknife is the capital of the Northwest Territories. It prides itself on up-to-date amenities.

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