Under the management of A.A. Raspletin in the period of 1951-55, and under the conditions of the increasing intensity of the Cold War and the real atomic threat, the first zenith rocket

MOSCOW DEFENCE RING

Under the management of A.A. Raspletin in the period of 1951-55, and under the conditions of the increasing intensity of the "Cold War" and the real atomic threat, the first zenith rocket air defense system was created. Development of the S-25 started at the Lavochkin OKB in 1951, expressly indended to defend Moscow from bomber attack. The system developed quickly, and was ready for initial operation in 1954.

The S-25 was the first surface-to-air strategic air defense system deployed by the Soviet Union. The S-25 was developed for the protection of the city of Moscow and Moscow region.

It was intended for destruction of aerial targets at the heights to 35 km, which fly with speeds of up to 4300 km/h, at the distances to 58 km.

These R-113 missiles were deployed around Moscow in a dense complex of 56 sites arranged in two concentric rings. There were 22 sites in the inner ring and 34 sites on the outer ring. A typical site had 60 launch positions joined by a road network.

Placed on stationary combat positions in the Moscow area system, the S-25 fulfilled its functions over the course of 30 years. The system entered operational service in the late 1950s, and remained in service through the mid-1980s. Because of its' cost, immobility, and inflexibility, the S-25 system was not deployed elsewhere in the Soviet Union apart from Moscow.

Glossary

A.A. Raspletin – Распетелин Александр Андреевич (Учёный)

Zenith rocket air defense system – Стационарная зенитно-ракетная система ПВО

S-25 – Система С-25 (Название самой защитной системы)

Lavochkin OKB - Научно-производственное объединение им. С. А. Лавочкина

Surface-to-air strategic air defense system - Стратегическая система ПВО земля-воздух

Aerial targets – Воздушные цели

R-113 missiles – Ракеты Р-113

Concentric rings – Концентрические кольца

Launch positions – Пусковая позиция

Stationary combat positions – Стационарные боевые позиции

Дата добавления: 2015-11-04