§ today I want to show to our group satisfaction an outstanding musical style - soul music is a popular music genre that originated in the united states in the 1950s and early 1960s, but even now

Soul music

§ TODAY I WANT TO SHOW TOOUR GROUPSATISFACTION AN OUTSTANDING MUSICAL STYLE - Soul music is a popular music genre that originated in the United States in the 1950s and early 1960s, but even now when so many years went past. It combined elements of African-American gospel music, rhythm and blues, and often jazz. Soul music became popular for dancling and listening in the United States – where music such as that of the Motown, Atlantic and Stax labels was influential during the period of the civil rights movement – and across the world, directly influencing rock music and the music of Africa.

§ According to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, soul is

"music that arose out of the black experience in America through the transmutation of gospel and rhythm & blues into a form of funky, secular testifying."

Catchy rhythms, stressed by handclaps and extemporaneous body moves, are an important feature of soul music. Other characteristics are a call and response between the soloist and the chorus, and an especially tense vocal sound. The style also occasionally uses improvisational additions, twirls and auxiliary sounds.

Origin

§ Soul music has its roots in traditional African-American gospel music and rhythm and blues, and the hybridization of their respective religious and secular styles, in both lyrical content and instrumentation, that began to occur in the 1950s. According to musicologist Barry Hansen,

"Though this hybrid produced a clutch of hits in the R&B market in the early Fifties, only the most adventurous white fans felt its impact at the time; the rest had to wait for the coming of soul music in the Sixties to feel the rush of rock and roll sung gospel-style."

"Soul music was the result of the urbanization and commercialization of rhythm and blues in the '60s."

The phrase "soul music" itself, referring to gospel-style music with secular lyrics, is first attested in 1961. The term 'soul' in African-American parlance has connotations of African-American pride and culture. Gospel groups in the 1940s and 1950s occasionally used the term as part of their name. The jazz that self-consciously derived from gospel came to be called soul jazz. As singers and arrangers began using techniques from gospel and soul jazz in African-American popular music during the 1960s, soul music gradually functioned as an umbrella term for the African-American popular music at the time.

§Soul music was also enabled by an unstoppable trend towards black and white integration, as more and more white folks accepted the idea that black culture was not evil or degrading, simply different (African instead of European).

§ As the civil rights movement staged bigger and bigger demonstrations and increased African-American pride, soul music became more than party music for young blacks: it became a rallying flag for the black nationalist movement.

Ray Charles

Ray Charles soon to become the most famous blind person in America, succeeded by setting mundane lyrics to gospel tunes, famously in I Got A Woman (1955), and coined a hybrid blues-jazz-gospel group sound AND SUFFERED NO EMBARRASSMENT, BUT ON THE CONTRARY HE WAS PROUD OF HIMSELF TO TAKE SUCH A RISK. Hit The Road Jack (1961), Don Gibson's I Can't Stop Loving You (1962), Fred Rose's Take These Chains From My Heart (1963), an ideological turn illustrated by the best-selling album Modern Sounds In Country And Western Music (1962).

"Ray was the genius. He turned the world onto soul music."

SO I PRESUMED TO FIND SOME SONGS OF EACH OF THE MOST TALLANTED & UNIQUE REPRESENTATIVES OF THIS STYLE.

Soul Styles

§ Soul music retained its vocals-driven image, typical of all pop music, but, like so much pop music, its hits became increasingly dependent on the skills of the arrangers and producers. In other words, soul music mutated transparently from a vocal style into a sound style.

§ This mutation took place mainly in four places: New York, Memphis, Detroit, Philadelphia.

Aretha Franklin

§ Wexler's greatest discovery was Aretha Franklin, a Detroit gospel singer whom Wexler turned into the female counterpart of Ray Charles, pitting her aggressive vocals (that mixed blues phrasing and melisma) and her romantic lyrics against sensual and agitated rhythms. But Franklin's strategy was the opposite of Charles': instead of secularizing sacred music, Franklin sanctified her own private life. Charles transferred religious love into bodily love, while Franklin exalted bodily love as a vehicle to salvation or redemption. She staged with church fervor the most intimate female emotions, such as the need to be loved, the frustration of not being loved, and the ecstasis of being loved.

Stevie "Wonder"

§ Stevie "Wonder" Judkins/Morris (3), the blind multi-instrumentalist, who grew up to become an adventurous composer and arranger. Wonder crafted concept albums that moved from the format of the extended song towards the format of the electronic-funk-jazz-pop jam via production tours de force: Music Of My Mind (1972), a collaboration with electronic musicians, the first collection written, produced and played (mostly) by himself (already a veteran at the age of 22);Talking Book (1972), with the funky work-out Superstition and the romantic You Are The Sunshine Of My Heart; Innervisions (1973), a social fresco of symphonic proportions; the monumental and ambitious Songs In The Key Of Life (1976); and the mostly instrumental Journey Through the Secret Life of Plants (1979). Till the end, his artistic life was schizophrenic in its attempt to please both the masses, with catchy tunes such as I Just Called To Say I Love You(1984) and Part-time Lover (1985), and his spiritual alter-ego.

In 1973 Motown moved from Detroit to Los Angeles, a sign that an era had finished.

§ Different regions and cities within the U.S., including New York City, Detroit, Chicago, Memphis, New Orleans, Philadelphia, and Muscle Shoals, Alabama (the home of FAME Studios and Muscle Shoals Sound Studios) became noted for different sub-genres of the music and recording styles.

British Soul

Soul has been a major influence on British popular music since the 1960s including bands of the British Invasion, most significantly The Beatles. A clear genre of British soul did not emerge until the 1980s when a number of artists including George Michael, Sade, Simply Red, Lisa Stansfield and Soul II Soul enjoyed commercial success. The popularity of British soul artists in the U.S., most notably Amy Winehouse, Adele, Estelle, Duffy, Joss Stone, and Leona Lewis led to talk of a third British Invasion or soul invasion in the 2000s and 2010s.

Adele

(we can’t judge her age. her outlook, her voice are so mature AND DEEP!!!)

Adele Laurie Blue Adkins (born 5 May 1988), better known simply as Adele, is an English singer, songwriter, musician, and multi-instrumentalist. Adele was offered a recording contract from XL Recordings after a friend posted her demo on Myspace in 2006. The next year she received the Brit Awards "Critics' Choice" award and won the BBC Sound of 2008. Her debut album, 19, was released in 2008 to commercial and critical success. Adele released her second album, 21, in early 2011. The album was well received critically and surpassed the success of her début, earning the singer six Grammy Awards in 2012 including Album of the Year, equalling the record for most Grammy Awards won by a female artist in one night.

Adele is the first female in the history of the Billboard Hot 100 to have three singles in the top 10 at the same time as a lead artist, and the first female artist to have two albums in the top five of the Billboard 200 and two singles in the top five of the Billboard Hot 100 simultaneously. 21 is the longest running number one album by a female solo artist on the UK and US Albums Chart. In 2011 and 2012, Billboard named Adele Artist of the Year. SO I SUPPOSE AFTER THAT NOBODY COULD DARE TO QUESTION THE PROPRIOTY OF ALL OF HER AWARDS AND TALANTS.

The importance of soul music

§ Soul music was, fundamentally, a consequence of rock music. The leadership went from the blacks (rhythm'n'blues) to the whites (rock'n'roll) back to the blacks (soul). Soul music was everything that rock music was: dance music, personal expression, teenage angst, political rebellion. Rock'n'roll had stolen the body (the sound) of rhythm'n'blues, and soul music stole the soul (the spirit) of rock'n'roll.

§ From the musical viewpoint, the aesthetic priorities of soul music were rather different from those of blues music. The singer was still the center of action, but the arrangement (the ambience, the soundscape) was way more important than in rhythm'n'blues. The great figures of soul music were, first and foremost, arrangers.

§ TO BRING EVERYTHING TO A CONCLUSION, we could claim that soul music was the result of black musicians adopting the European stance about artistic matters: intellectual, creative, melodic. At the same time, soul music introduced a new form of dancing: elegant, sensual and nonetheless primal.

AND AFTER ALL THE MATERIAL THAT HAD BEEN LOOKED THROUGH, I CAN CALL MYSELF KNOWLEDGEABLE ENOUGH ABOUT THIS GENRE OF MUSIC. I HOPE YOU R AS WELL NOW!

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