1. List the three management skills and define them.

1. List the three management skills and define them.

Conceptual skills: a manager’s ability to see the organization as whole and to see it in the long run. Conceptual skill is crucial for top managers.

Human (interpersonal) skills: a manager’s ability to communicate effectively with organizational members and establish human relations. This skill is crucial for all levels of management especially for middle managers.

Technical skills: technical skills are things such as using a computer word processing program creating a budget operating a piece of machinery. It is crucial for first-line managers.

2. List four functions of management, define them and give example.

Planning- means defining goals and tasks resources needed to achieve them.

Organizing- involves the distribution of tasks, grouping employees into departments, the assignment of authority and allocation of resources.

Leading- is the use of influence to motivate employees to achieve organizational goals.

Controlling- means monitoring employees' activities, determining whether the organization is in the right way to achieving its goals and making corrections if necessary.

3. Define the three hierarchical levels of management.

There are three levels of management: top-level, middle-level and first-level. The number of managers at each level is such that the hierarchy like a pyramid, with many first-line managers, fewer middle managers, and the fewest managers at a top level.

Top managers are managers who are responsible for the entire organization. Top-level managers, or top managers, are also called senior management or executives. These individuals are the top one or two levels in an organization, and hold titles such as: Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Chief Financial Officer (CFO), etc. Top managers make decisions affecting the entirety of the firm. They set goals for the organization and direct the company to achieve them.

Middle managers are managers who are responsible for the work of major divisions and departments. Middle managers’ job titles include: head of division (general manager), head of division or department (functional manager). Middle managers carry out the goals set by top management. They can set goals for their departments and other business units. Middle managers can motivate and assist first-line managers to achieve business objectives.

First- line managers are managers who are directly responsible for the production of goods and services and non-management employees. These manager have job titles such as: office manager, shift supervisor, line manager, store manager. First-line managers are responsible for the daily management and line workers - the employees who actually produce the product or offer the service. Although first-line managers typically do not set goals for the organization, they have a very strong influence on the company.

4. Definition of management.

Management is the effective and efficient achievement of organizational goals through planning,organizing,leading and controlling organizational resources.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-04