Перевод грамматических конструкций с неличными формами английского глагола

Перевод грамматических конструкций с неличными формами английского глагола

(причастие, инфинитив, герундий)

Формы причастия и способы перевода

Participle I	Participle II
Indefinite	Active	Passive	Основа стандартного глагола + -ed (или 3-я форма глагола)	asked (written - написанный)
asking (спрашивающий, спрашивая)	being asked (спрашиваемый)
Perfect	having asked (спросив)	having been asked (будучи спрошенным)

Exercises on the Participle

I. Translate the text into Russian:

"People living in Japan have some customs different from ours. For example, we wipe our washed faces with dry towels; they wipe their faces with wet towels. Entering houses our men take off their hats, the Japanese take off their shoes. We give presents when arriving, they leave them when departing. When in mourning (траур) we wear black, they wear white. We frown (хмуриться) when being scolded, they smile. When we say that Japanese are strange people, they could reply, "The same to you"".

II. Translate the following phrases into Russian paying attention to the Participle:

1. the student attending all the lectures; 2. constructing new machines;

the workers building a new house; dividing the apple into three parts;

the car developing the speed of 80 km; discovering new lands;

the plant producing machinery; using new equipment;

the growing population of the country; graduating from the University;

the engineer carrying out the research; moving at high speed;

the young man entering the University. receiving important information.

3. having calculated the distance; 4. the achieved results;

having installed a new equipment; the lecture read by a famous writer;

having found the new way; the research made in the laboratory;

having passed all examinations. the film shown to the students.

III. Translate the following phrases into English:

1. университет, основанный Ломоносовым;

2. машина, сконструированная молодым инженером;

3. развивающиеся страны;

4. завод, увеличивающий производство продукции;

5. решив важную проблему.

IV. Translate the sentences into Russian (in written form):

1. He heard the voices coming through the open window.

2. He was asked a great many questions, some of them requiring a long explanation.

3. The new materials recommended for bridge construction were described in the article written by our professor.

4. When studying elements, Mendeleev found that they could be divided into nine groups.

5. When reconstructed, the theatre looked more beautiful than before.

6. Having been shown the way, I could find his house easily.

7. They remained at home refusing to go anywhere that day.

Формы инфинитива

	Active	Passive
Indefinite Continuous Perfect	to write to be writing to have written	to be written --------- to have been written

Complex Object: I don't want you to go to this party. - Я не хочу, чтобы ты ходил на эту

вечеринку.

Complex Subject: Harry is said to have passed that difficult examination. - Говорят, что Гарри

сдал этот трудный экзамен.

Инфинитив в функции определения: The conference discussed some new methods to be used in teaching English as a foreign language. - Члены конференции обсудили новые методы, которые необходимо использовать в преподавании английского языка как иностранного.

Exercises on the Infinitive

I. Translate the phrases into Russian:

1. the problem to be solved; 5. the bridge to be constructed;

2. the new device to be introduced; 6. the road to be paved;

3. the theory to be discussed; 7. the experiment to be carried out.

4. the instrument to be used;

II. Translate the sentences into Russian paying attention to the Infinitive:

1. The chief tendency of the English history is considered to be the struggle between the king and the people.

2. That is a struggle to decide which of them the major power is.

3. Their courage was not enough to win the battles.

4. The person who was the first to make motor transport really popular was Henry Ford.

5. The first pipelines for carrying water supplies are known to have been used by the ancient Romans.

6. I want him to take part in the Olympic Games next year.

7. Lomonosov was the first to discover the vegetable origin (растительное происхождение) of coal.

III. Translate the sentences into English using Infinitive constructions:

1. Считается, что Джон - один из наиболее способных студентов на курсе.

2. Мы бы хотели, чтобы новый учитель по английскому языку помог нам.

3. Ожидали, что он приедет через несколько дней.

4. Известно, что сейчас они живут в Санкт-Петербурге.

5. Я видел, как ты танцевала с моим другом.

6. Что ты хочешь, чтобы я ему сказал?

Exercises on the Gerund

I. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. The idea of creating a multi-stage rocket belongs to Tsiolkovsky.

2. The committee studied the problem of improving the bus service in the town without increasing the number of buses operating on the routes.

3. It is possible to build power stations based on utilizing the heat of the Sun.

4. He could not help telling the results of the negotiations.

5. I began this letter by saying that many modern buildings were like big boxes.

6. Architects have done some very good work in designing new schools.

7. Instead of discussing that problem, they quarreled.

8. New possibilities for applying atomic energy were found.

II. Translate the phrases into English using the correct form of the Gerund:

1. настаивать на разговоре с директором компании;

2. ненавижу, когда меня перебивают (перебивать - to interrupt);

3. возражать против изучения японского языка;

4. с нетерпением ждать обсуждения вопроса;

5. прийти без приглашения;

6. ему нравится проектировать здания;

7. он обвиняется в похищении ребёнка;

8. бесполезно спорить.

III. Translate into English using gerunds or infinitives:

1. Предлагаю провести следующее собрание через месяц.

2. Работая днями и ночами, он сумел закончить статью вовремя.

3. Лежать на пляже в такую погоду гораздо приятнее, чем сидеть в офисе.

4. Мы с нетерпением ждём вашей новой книги.

5. Вы не возражаете, если я буду курить в этой комнате?

6. Плохая погода помешала нам поехать за город.

IV. Translate the sentences into Russian:

1. Robert Hansen was accused of selling U.S. classified (засекреченный) information to the Russians.

2. Scientists have helped us understand the problem of supplying the world with energy.

3. Thomas Edison is known to have invented over 1 000 different things.

4. The best way to study geography is to travel.

5. The game particularly associated with England is cricket.

6. Millions of people spend their holidays traveling.

7. Besides giving general (общий) education, some high schools teach some other subjects.

Дата добавления: 2015-09-29