Choose the correct option:
1. Who is considered to be the founder of Stylistics as a linguistic science?
1.G. Turner
2.Ch. Bally
3.N. Winner
4. I.Galperin
2. Choose the correct variant to finish the definition: Stylistics is a branch of linguistics which deals with…
1.individual styles of authors
2.expressive resources and functional styles of a language
3.the usage of expressive means and stylistic devices in a given contex
4.stylistic systems of two or more languages in comparison
3. The type of stylistics which deals with individual styles of authors is called:
1.contrastive stylistics
2.literary stylistics
3.communicative stylistics
4.linguostylistics
4. Choose the correct definition of the main tasks of stylistics:
1.the investigation of expressive means and stylistic devices
2.the investigation of the special language media which secure the effect of the utterance and the investigation of types of texts which are distinguished by the pragmatic aspect of communication
3.the investigation of functional styles and the context of the text
4.the investigation of the features of organized language from the point of view of its context
5. Match the following notion with its features: style
1.the environment of a speech unit where these or those properties of that unit are realized or shown
2.the invariant of the phonetic, morphological, lexical and syntactical patterns circulating in the language at a given period of time
3.a quality of language which communicates precisely emotions and thoughts, or a system of emotions peculiar to the author
4.the segment of speech which brings figurative information
6. Match the following notion with its features: norm
1.the environment of a speech unit where these or those properties of that unit are realized or shown
2.the invariant of the phonetic, morphological, lexical and syntactical patterns circulating in the language at a given period of time
3.a quality of language which communicates precisely emotions and thoughts, or a system of emotions peculiar to the author
4.the segment of speech which brings figurative information
7. Choose the correct definition of the following notion: expressive means
1.those phonetic, lexical, morphological and syntactic units and forms which make speech emphatic
2.those units which are not language phenomena, they are formed in speech and most of them do not exist out of context
3.those lexical and syntactic forms which exist in language for the purpose of intensification of some property of a language unit
4.an unconscious intensification of some property of a language in the stream of speech
8. Choose the correct definition of the following notion: stylistic devices
1.those phonetic, lexical, morphological and syntactic units and forms which make speech emphatic
2.conscious and intentional intensification of some typical structural and/or semantic property of a language unit (neutral or expressive) prompted to a generalized status and thus becoming a generative model
3.those lexical and syntactic forms which exist in language for the purpose of intensification of some property of a language unit
4.an unconscious intensification of some property of a language in the stream of speech.
9. The intentional violation of the graphical shape of a word used to reflect its authentic pronunciation.
1.hyphenation
2.graphon
3.multiplication
4.change of the print
10. Any form of periodicity in verse, its kind being determined by the character and number of syllables of which it consists.
1.rhyme
2.foot
3.meter
4.rhythm
11. The repetition of identical or similar terminal sound combinations of words.
1.rhyme
2.foot
3.meter
4.rhythm
12. Obsolete words which are used for denoting existing objects and phenomena are:
1.poetic words
2.archaic words
3.barbarisms
4.bookish words
13. Words that have narrow sphere of usage, they are generally used in high literary style, official business style, scientific style:
1.poetic words
2.archaic words
3.barbarisms
4.bookish word
14. Historic words are:
1.words denoting subjects, phenomena, notions dealing with the past;
2.normative and devoid of any stylistic meaning in regional dialects words;
3.coarse words with a strong emotive meaning, mostly derogatory, normally avoided in polite conversation;
4.new words or new meanings for established words.
15. Expressive means based on the deliberate reduction of some elements of the sentence structure are;
1.inversion, repetition, ellipsis, asyndeton, syntactic tautology;
2.ellipsis, aposiopesis, nominative sentences, asyndeton;
3.repetition, enumeration, syntactic tautology, emphatic construction, parenthetical sentences;
4.inversion, distant position of the syntactically connected units of the sentence.
16. Stylistic devices based on the interaction of several syntactic constructions are:
1.rhetoric question, reported speech;
2.parcellation, coordination instead of subordination;
3.parallel construction, chiasmus, anaphora, epiphora;
4.rhetoric question, parallel construction.
17. What EM doesthe example contain?
e.g. Early evening. April.
1.nominative sentences;
2.asyndeton;
3.detachment;
4.ellipsis.
18. What stylistic device does the example contain?
e.g. The raisins and almonds and figs and apples and oranges and chocolates and sweets were passed about the table…
1.polysyndeton;
2.asyndeton;
3.detachment;
4.ellipsis.
19. What EM does the example contain?
e.g. It was a shock to me that while I observed Thompson, Thompson observed me.
1.anaphora;
2.epiphora;
3.chiasmus;
4.parallel construction
20. WhatEM does the example contain?
e.g. There is a pleasure in the pathless woods,
There is a rapture on the lonely shore…
1.anaphora;
2.epiphora;
3.chiasmus;
4.parcellation.
21. what type of repetition does the following example contain?
e.g. Poirot was shaken; shaken and embittered.
1.chain repetition;
2.framing;
3.catch repetition;
4.extended repetition.
22. what EM does the following example contain?
e.g. Her family is one aunt about a thousand years old.
1.metonymy
2.hyperbole;
3.litotes;
4.metaphor.
23.what EM of does the following example contain?
e.g. Art is a jealous mistress.
1.irony
2.hyperbole;
3.litotes;
4.metaphor.
24. what SD does the following examples contain?
e.g. awfully nice, pretty bad.
1.oxymoron;
2.antithesis;
3.simile;
4.gradation.
25. what SD does the following example contain?
e.g. Every Caesar has his Brutus.
1.antonomasia;
2.metonymy;
3.personification;
4.synecdoche.
26. which notions belong to the figures of opposition?
1.gradation, anticlimax, zeugma;
2.metonymy, synecdoche, periphrasis, euphemism, metaphor, antonomasia, personification, allegory,irony;
3.simile, synonyms-substitutors, synonyms-verifiers;
4.antithesis, oxymoron.
27. Blles-lettres style a system of interrelated language means which serves a definite aim in communication:
1.the style of imaginative literature whose unique task is to impress the reader authentically;
2.the style is characterized by explicit pragmatic function of persuasion directed at influencing the reader and shaping his views, in accordance with the argumentation of the author;
3.the style of informative materials, characteristic of newspaper only and not found in other publications.
28. the scientific prose style:
1.the style which is characterized by the abundance of terms denoting objects, phenomena and processes characteristic of some particular field of science and technique;
2.the most conservative style which preserves cast-iron forms of structuring and uses syntactical constructions and words long known as archaic and not observed anywhere else;
3.the style is characterized by explicit pragmatic function of persuasion directed at influencing the reader and shaping his views, in accordance with the argumentation of the author;
4.the style of informative materials, characteristic of newspaper only and not found in other publications.
29. The newspaper style:
1.a system of interrelated language means which serves a definite aim in communication;
2.the style of imaginative literature whose unique task is to impress the reader authentically;
3.the style is characterized by explicit pragmatic function of persuasion directed at influencing the reader and shaping his views, in accordance with the argumentation of the author;
4. style of informative materials, characteristic of newspaper only and not found in other publications.
30. The functional style:
1.a system of interrelated language means which serves a definite aim in communication;
2.the style of imaginative literature whose unique task is to impress the reader authentically;
3.the style is characterized by explicit pragmatic function of persuasion directed at influencing the reader and shaping his views, in accordance with the argumentation of the author;
4.the environment of a speech unit where the properties of that unit are realized.
Test STYLISTICS (both theoretical and practical questions included)
1.Stylistics as a linguistic science.
2.Stylistics as a branch of linguistics.
3.Tasks of stylistics.
4.Style. Definition.
5.Norm. Definition.
6.Differentiate between expressive means and stylistic devices.
7.Phonetic stylistic devices.
8.Lexical stylistic devices.
9.Syntactical stylistic devices.
10. Different strata of words and classification of vocabulary (p. 29-36 Kuharenko)
11. Functional styles and their peculiarities (pay special attention to definitions).
Test in Stylistics: 27/11 в 10.00 и 11.40
Decide what style is represented in the following extract:
The terrible thing about that second sentence is that its infection has spread in all its falsity beyond research - into politics, religion, public statements, film scripts, journalism. It creates the bureaucratic impression that things “were done” and that nobody “did them”.
belles-lettres;
publicistic;
newspaper;
*scientific prose.
Decide what style is represented in the following extract:
It was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and ashes had allowed it; but as matters stood it was a town of unnatural red and black like the painted face of a savage. It was a town of machinery and tall chimneys, out of which interminable serpents of smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever, and never got uncoiled.
*belles-lettres;
publicistic;
newspaper;
scientific prose.
Decide what style is represented in the following extract:
In the process of teaching Foreign Languages at higher educational establishments we distinguish between General English Major, English Minor, and English as a Foreign Language. General English includes corrective courses in Practical Phonetics, Practical Grammar, etc. English Major covers theoretical and practical courses in main linguistic disciplines.
belles-lettres;
publicistic;
newspaper;
*scientific prose.
Decide what style is represented in the following extract:
It is high time this people had recovered from the passions of war. It is high time that counsel were taken from the statesmen, not demagogues…It is high time the people of the North and the South understood each other and adopted means to inspire confidence in each other.
belles-lettres;
*publicistic;
newspaper;
scientific prose.
Decide what style is represented in the following extract:
A large chunk of ice, believed to have fallen from an aircraft, crashed through the roof, then through the bedroom ceiling of a house in Leamington, Warwickshire, yesterday.
belles-lettres;
publicistic;
*newspaper;
scientific prose.
Name the type of classification of the given scheme:
classification of FS on the basis of functions of the language (beles-lettres style, oratorial style, lecturing style);
classification of FS on the basis of criteria of the sphere of the usage of the language (oral and written);
classification of FS on the basis of 3 basic features of differentiation (emotionality - unemotionality, spontaneity - non-spontaneity, normativity - abnormativity).
according to the inductive approach (from specific to general);
*according to the deductive approach (from general to specific);
I. Galperin's classification;
O. Morokhovsky's classification.
What functional style do the following linguistic features characterize?
Genuine, not trite, imagery, achieved by purely linguistic devices.
The use of words in contextual and very often in more than one dictionary meaning, or at least greatly influenced by the lexical environment.
A vocabulary which will reflect to a greater or lesser degree the author's personal evaluation of things or phenomena.
A peculiar individual selection of vocabulary and syntax, a kind of lexical and syntactical idiosyncrasy.
The introduction of the typical features of colloquial language to a full degree (in plays) or a lesser one (in emotive prose) or a slight degree, if any (in poems).
*belles-lettres style;
the publicistic style;
the scientific prose style;
the official document style.
What functional style do the following linguistic features characterize?
conventionality of expression;
absence of any emotiveness;
the encoded character of language symbols including abbreviations;
a general syntactical mode of combining several pronouncements into one sentence.
belles-lettres style;
the publicistic style;
the scientific prose style;
*the official document style.
Name the author of the following classification of functional styles:
Official style.
Scientific style.
Publicistic style.
Newspaper style.
Belles-lettres stye.
O. Morokhovsky;
I. Galperin;
*V. Kukharenko
J. Swift.
What functional style do the following linguistic features characterize?
- the use of cliches and abbreviations;
- the use of neologisms;
- non-term political vocabulary;
- specific word-order;
- informative purpose of the information.
belles-lettres style;
*the newspaper style;
the scientific prose style;
the official document style.
What functional style do the following linguistic features characterize?
- logical sequence of utterances;
- the use of terms;
- the use of sentence-patterns;
- the use of references and quotations;
- the use of foot-notes;
- impersonality.
belles-lettres style;
the newspaper style;
*the scientific prose style;
the official document style.
Who of the linguists subdivided the belles-lettres style into the language of poetry, emotive prose, and the language of drama?
O. Morokhovsky;
*I. Galperin;
Ch. Bally;
J. Swift.
Who is considered to be the founder of the theory of information transmission?
G. Turner
Ch. Bally
*Cl. Shennon
I. Galperin
Decide into what types the extralinguistic context is subdivided.
*single situational, typical situational, social historical,
linguistic, stylistic;
microcontext, macrocontext, megacontext;
lexical, syntactical, morphological, mixed.
Choose the classification of the context according to its size:
single situational, typical situational, social historical,
linguistic, stylistic;
*microcontext, macrocontext, megacontext;
lexical, syntactical, morphological, mixed.
Into what types are synonyms subdivided?
paradigmatic, syntagmatic;
style, stylistic;
*speech, language;
total, partial.
Into what groups is the English vocabulary subdivided?
emotional, evaluative, expressive;
style, stylistic;
*literary, neutral, colloquial;
denotative, connotative, colloquial.
Name two main types of slang:
*general slang, jargon;
style slang, stylistic slang;
jargon, argo;
lexical slang, stylistic slang.
Name the types of repetition:
complete, incomplete, partial, ordinary;
catch, frame, chain, partial, ordinary;
*ordinary, catch, chain, frame, extended;
style, stylistic, emotional, expressive.
Name the types of parallel construction:
*complete, incomplete, partial, chiasmus, anaphora, epiphora;
catch, frame, chain, partial, ordinary;
ordinary, catch, chain, frame, extended;
style, stylistic, emotional, expressive.
Name the types of periphrasis:
lexical, contextual;
*logical, figurative;
religious, moral, medical, political;
speech, language.
Name the types of euphemism:
lexical, contextual;
logical, figurative;
*religious, moral, medical, political;
speech, language.
Name the types of metonymy:
*lexical, contextual;
logical, figurative;
religious, moral, medical, political;
speech, language.
Name the types of metaphor according to the pragmatic effect produced upon the adresseer:
prolonged, simple;
nominational, cognitive, imaginative;
*dead, original;
catch, chain, frame.
Name the types of metaphor according to the degree of stylistic potential:
prolonged, simple;
*nominational, cognitive, imaginative;
dead, original;
catch, chain, frame.
Name the types of metaphor according to the structure:
*prolonged, simple;
nominational, cognitive, imaginative;
dead, original;
catch, chain, frame.
Define the type of parallelism in the following example:
e.g. If we are Frenchmen we adore our mother; if Englishmen we love dogs and virtue.
partial parallelism
*incomplete parallelism
complete parallelism
chain parallelism
Define the type of structural transformation of the phraseological unit in the following example:
e.g. But that was no reason for not being pleased, or making political hay whenever one could.
*expansion of the components of phraseological units
reduction of the components of phraseological units
changes in the components of phraseological units
inversion of the components of phraseological units
Define the type of parallelism in the following example:
e.g. “Good morning, Pooh Bear”, said Eyreglomily. “If it is a good morning”, he said
partial parallelism
incomplete parallelism
complete parallelism
*chain parallelism
Define the type of structural transformation of the phraseological unit in the following example:
e.g. This is a bird in the hand, I think.
expansion of the components of phraseological units
*reduction of the components of phraseological units
changes in the components of phraseological units
inversion of the components of phraseological units
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