Egyptian pyramid of Cheops at Giza - the oldest and at the same time the only surviving of the Seven Wonders of the world. It is named after its founder - the Pharaoh Cheops (about 2551 - 2528 BC.).

pyramid of Cheops

Egyptian pyramid of Cheops at Giza - the oldest and at the same time the only surviving of the Seven Wonders of the world. It is named after its founder - the Pharaoh Cheops (about 2551 - 2528 BC.). Because of its huge size it is sometimes called the great pyramid and placed first in the list of wonders of the world. Aside from the Great Wall of China, the Great Pyramid of Giza - the largest building ever erected by man.

Its height is 146.6 m, which roughly corresponds to pyatidesyatietazhnomu skyscraper. Base area of 230x230 m. This space could easily be fit at the same time the five largest cathedrals in the world: St. Peter's in Rome, St. Paul's and Westminster Abbey in London, as well as Florence and the Duomo. Of building stone that went to the construction of the pyramid of Cheops, we could build all the churches in Germany, started in our millennium. Young Pharaoh Khufu ordered the construction of the pyramid immediately after the death of his father Sneferu. As with all previous pharaohs from the time of Djoser (about 2609-2590 BC.), Cheops wanted to be buried after his death in the pyramid. 1

Technical device applied in the construction.

Until recently it was not the method of construction of the pyramid of Cheops, including the delivery of bulky and heavy stone blocks to a height of 150 winds.

The study of ancient Egyptian texts, drawings and sculptures made ​​of stone, as well as information on the construction of the giant structures like those in Baalbek, shows that in their construction uses special technical devices for lifting stones to great heights.

In Egyptian sources there are indications that the Egyptians through sound could enter the stones (and other materials) into a state of levitation (floating above the ground), and if necessary even destroy the stones. In the Bible, there is a report of the destruction of the walls of Jericho through sound. In ancient times could enter into a state of objects of levitation and other ways, for example by energy processing power generators. A good example today is hovering in the air for many hundreds of years the metal coffin in the mosque of the Kaaba, the sacred Muslim. In our time, a temporary freeze (hover) in the air are a yoga and some magicians and psychics demonstrate hover in the air of individual items (from plastic pellets to chess tables, books). 2

On well-known figures can be seen that a small portion of people pulling platform and hedging it from tipping over, and the other part of them stand apart from the sound tools in hand, the sound of which is required to levitate a platform with a statue. Flat bed - this is a special technical device - generator. On her appointment, and the device for a long time, there are disputes between scientists and Egyptologists. Source of power generation platform layers are stacked in her small asymmetrical pyramid-diamonds. They are similar to crystals which are "sniffed" single energy and "breathe" another. These platforms are under the influence of sound or of other sources of exposure were introduced into the state vospareniyaschnadzzemley.

In the presence of the cargo platform for its runners only lightly touch the ground, making it easier to transport. Platforms other structures used to move the stone blocks are also being built at the top of the pyramid, which used short and log-rollers, which pisalhGerodot.

Levitating devices are also used for lifting blocks of stone weighing several hundred tons to a height of 30 meters during the construction of the temple complex in Baalbek (Lebanon). Here, the construction was supervised by the Egyptian priests.

It is known that in a number of Egyptian temples were eternal inextinguishable lamps, which were also used in underground work in the pyramid of Cheops, including at the murals. These lamps were working on energy sources of rare earth elements. Such lamps found in the tombs of Egyptian archaeologists, Italy, England. Where are they now? In the museum or thrown away?

For Egyptologists still remains unresolved the question of the method of construction of the pyramids and the lifting of stone blocks to a height of 150 meters. People are able to see the past (seers) reported that the stones themselves were flying up the special energy channel. This energokanal was created by the builders of technical devices in the middle of the eastern side of the pyramid (on the side of the Nile). Studies have shown that multi-ton stone blocks are delivered to the foot of the pyramid, were subjected energoobrabotke generators to reduce their gravitational interaction with the earth and increase interaction with the channel energy flow upward along the pyramid. After this block by block tilting cable-fed to the receiver energokanala and flew up to the place of installation. Energy flow channel created svoeobraznymidsolenoidami-transformers mounted on the same axis along the walls of the pyramid. As you gain altitude pyramid lengthened (built up) device sozdavavsheegenergokanal.

Because of the complexity of the process of delivery of large stone blocks to a height of over 100 meters further up the fed small stones followed by casting of them in the formwork (in forms) blocks required size. At the top of the pyramid of Cheops pyramid was installed height of 0.5 meters. She was brought back from the foot of the pyramid is also in the air. In this case, a power generator for its controlled flight of thousands of eyes were the eyes of the builders gathered at the foot of the pyramids at dawn (fasting). 3

There are reasons to believe that the basic knowledge and technical components described devices and are preserved in underground storage facilities near the pyramid of Cheops in Egypt and elsewhere. They were no less valuable than the treasures of Cheops and were not destroyed. Cumbersome technical devices down to the dungeons through special elevators, and their inputs nadezhnodzamurovany.

In a monolithic stone base of the pyramid, there are hollow spaces where under the ceiling set shatroobrazno heavy granite blocks. Their installation was carried out also in a state of levitation (anti-gravity). Gravity and antigravity - a kind of energy cooperation. In ancient times they could weaken or increase as desired. The most visual interaction is observed in nature when you turn the flowers of plants - in the direction of the sun, a compass needle toward the magnetic poles. There are many other strong and weak interactions in nature, used the Egyptian civilization.

Statue of Pharaoh Cheops in ivory - the only surviving image of the pharaoh. On her head a crown of Cheops Ancient Egyptian kingdom in his hand a ceremonial whisk.

Like his predecessors, he believed that his pyramid must exceed its size, grandeur and luxury all other pyramids. But before the first of more than two million units, of which is composed of a pyramid, was cut down in a quarry on the east bank of the Nile, were conducted complex preparatory work. First, it was necessary to find a suitable site for the construction of the pyramid. Weight huge building is 6.4 million tons, so the soil had to be strong enough to be stuck in the pyramid of the ground under its own weight. Construction site chose the south of modern Egyptian capital Cairo, on a ledge in the desert plateau, seven kilometers west of the village of Giza. This rugged rocky area was able to withstand the weight of the pyramid. First leveled surface of the site. For this purpose it was built around the shaft of a waterproof sand and stones. In the formed square cut down a dense network of small canals that intersect at right angles, so that the site has become like a huge chessboard. Channels filled with water, the height of the water level marked on the side walls, and then the water was lowered. Stonemasons cut down all that protrudes above the surface of the water, and feeds the newly laid stone. Base of the pyramid was ready. More than 4,000 people - artists, architects, masons and other craftsmen - performed these preparatory works for about ten years. Only after that you can begin the construction of the pyramid. According to the Greek historian Herodotus (490 - 425 BC, Chr.), Construction continued for another twenty years, about 100,000 people worked on the construction of a huge tomb of Cheops. Only on radish, onion and garlic are added to food for construction workers, spent 1600 talents, ie approximately 20 million. contemporary German marks. Data on the number of workers are being questioned by many modern researchers. According to them, for so many people just do not have enough space on the construction site: more than 8,000 people would be unable to work productively without interfering with each other. During the construction of the pyramids of Egypt was a rich country. Every year, from late June until November Neal came out of its banks and flooded the surrounding waters their fields, leaving them on the thick layer of silt, turns the dry sand of the desert into fertile soil. Therefore, in good years could take up to three harvests a year - grains, fruits and vegetables. 4

So, from June to November, the peasants could not work in their fields. And they were glad, when every year in mid-June in their village appeared scribe of Pharaoh, to compile lists of those wishing to work on the construction of the pyramids. Almost all want the job, and therefore, she was not forced and voluntary labor. This was due to two reasons: each participant during the construction work received shelter, clothing, food and a modest salary. Four months later, when the waters of the Nile came down from the fields, the peasants returned to their villages. In addition, every Egyptian considered his natural duty and honor to participate in the construction of the pyramids for Pharaoh. After all, anyone who contributes to the fulfillment of this great task, hoping that it will affect the particle godlike immortality Pharaoh. Therefore, in late June, an endless stream of peasants rushed to Giza. There they were housed in temporary barracks and were combined into groups of eight people. Could begin work. Sail on a boat to the other bank of the Nile, the men were sent to the quarry. There they cut down a huge boulder, hewing it with hammers, wedges, saws and Buravov give block the right size - with sides of 80 cm to 1.45 m. Using ropes and levers, each group has established its block on wooden runners and are for timber flooring drag it to the bank of the Nile. Sailing boat ferrying workers and unit weight of up to 7.5 tonnes to the other side. Laid out on the roads of stone brought logs were dragged to the construction site. Then came the turn of the heaviest work as cranes and other lifting devices have not yet been invented. On ramp 20 m wide, built of bricks of Nile mud, runners with a stone block with ropes and levers delayed the construction site at the top of the pyramid. There workers were laid on the unit specified by the architect place to the nearest millimeter. The higher the pyramid, the longer and steeper entry and became more and more reduced upper working platform. Therefore, work was becoming harder. Then it was the most dangerous place of work: stacking "pyramidon" - upper unit height of nine meters, dragged tightened up the ramp. How many people were killed, performing only the work, we do not know. So twenty years later, completed the construction of the body of the pyramid, which consists of 128 layers of stone and four meters above the Strasbourg Cathedral. By this time, the pyramid looks much the same as it looks now: it was a step up the mountain. However, the work does not end there: the steps were laid with stones, so that the surface of the pyramid became though not entirely smooth, but without ridges. At the completion of four triangular outer face of the pyramid were covered with slabs of dazzling white limestone. The edges of the plates were brought so precisely that between them it was impossible to insert even a knife blade. Even from a distance of several meters pyramid gave the impression of a giant monolith. External plates were polished to a mirror finish with the most solid grinding stones. According to eyewitnesses, the sun or in the moonlight, mysterious tomb of Cheops shone like a huge glowing from within the crystal. "However, the Pyramid of Cheops not consists entirely of stone. Inside it is an extensive system of moves, which, through a long stroke length of 47 m, the so-called large gallery leads to a chamber of Pharaoh - the room length of 10.5 m, a width of 5.3 m and a height of 5, 8 m. it is entirely faced with granite, but not decorated with any ornaments. there is a big empty granite sarcophagus without a lid. sarcophagus was made ​​here even during construction, since it does not pass any of the moves of the pyramid. Such cameras have almost the Pharaohs in all the Egyptian pyramids, they were the last refuge of the pharaoh.

After the death of the ruler carefully embalmed body was placed in the burial chamber of the pyramid. The internal organs of the deceased were placed in sealed containers, the so-called canopic jars which were placed next to the sarcophagus in the burial chamber. So, the mortal remains of the pharaoh found their last earthly resting place in the pyramid, and "ka" of the deceased to leave the tomb. "Ka", the Egyptian ideas, considered something of a double man, his "alter ego", which leaves the body at death and could move freely between the earth and the world beyond the grave. Leaving the burial chamber, "ka" rushed to the top of the pyramid on its outer lining, so smooth that no mortal could not move on it. There was already the father of the Pharaohs - the sun god Ra in his solar boat, in which the deceased Pharaoh began his journey to immortality. Recently, some scholars have expressed doubt that the Great Pyramid was actually the burial place of the pharaoh Khufu. This assumption is they put forward three arguments:

The burial chamber, contrary to the customs of the time, does not have any jewelry.

Sarcophagus, which was to rest the body of the deceased pharaoh, a rough-hewn, ie finally ready; the lid is absent.

Finally, two narrow stroke, which through the small holes in the casing of the pyramid to the burial chamber penetrates from the outside air. But the dead in the air do not need - this is another strong argument in favor of the fact that the Great Pyramid was not a place of burial. More than 3,500 years the interior of the Great Pyramid was not disturbed by anyone all entrances to it were carefully walled up, and the very tomb on the Egyptians believed that the spirits guarded, ready to kill anyone who tries to break into it. That is why the robbers appeared here much later. The first, who got inside the pyramid of Cheops, was the Caliph Abdullah al-Ma'mun (813 - 833 after the birth of Christ.), The son of Harun al-Rashid. He paved the tunnel to the burial chamber in the hope of finding treasure there, as in other tombs of the pharaohs. But did not find anything except the litter lived there bats whose fiber on the floor and on the walls as high as 28 cm. Thereafter interest robbers and seekers of jewelry to the Great Pyramid missing. But they were replaced by other robbers. In 1168, after the birth of Christ. part of Cairo was burned and completely destroyed by the Arabs, who did not want her to fall into the hands of the Crusaders. When then the Egyptians began the restoration of the city, they took off the brilliant white plate that covered the pyramid outside, and used them to build new homes. Even now, these plates can be seen in many mosques of the old part of town. From the old pyramid was only stage housing - so it appears now before enthusiastic gaze of tourists. Along with facing the pyramid also lost its top pyramidon, and the upper layers of masonry. So now it is no longer the height of 144.6 m and 137.2 m. Today top of the pyramid is a square with sides of about 10 m. This area in 1842 was the venue for unusual celebrations.

Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm IV, known for his love of art, sent into the valley of the Nile expedition led by archaeologist Richard Lepsius in order to gain the ancient Egyptian art and other artifacts to be created in Berlin's Egyptian Museum (it was opened in 1855). October 15, the birthday of the king, Lepsius, accompanied by several Bedouin climb the pyramid and, as he himself says, a three-fold cries of "Long live the king!" perched on top of a flag with the Prussian eagle. Just peculiar Lepsius noted and Christmas 1842 Christmas Eve he lit at the top of the Great Pyramid of Christmas lights, and the camera is placed in the sarcophagus of the pharaoh Cheops young palms that grace the small gifts for the members of the expedition. And no matter how strange and comical may seem to us today, these ceremonies, they brought an unexpected success. After appearing in the newspapers reports of the Prussian eagle on the top of the pyramid, erected 4000 years ago, interest in the greatest works of antiquity, inherent until a spiritual elite, became the property of the broadest strata of society. Celebrations at Giza rediscovered Germany Seven Wonders of the World.

International Corporation Daikin Industries Ltd has won the international tender for the air conditioning of the pyramid of Cheops, which was organized by the World Health Organization, said in a press release.

In an international tender was also attended by well-known American and South Korean manufacturers conditioned equipment. The contract is worth about 850 thousand dollars.

Air conditioners help maintain optimum temperature and humidity inside the pyramid for its safety and ease breathing tour through proper air distribution. Scientists suggest that the incidence of breathing difficulties caused by the specificity of the pyramid inside the air distribution inside it.

Hidden knowledge of the ancients.

Legendary pyramid keeps still many unsolved mysteries and riddles. Securely sheltered from the tomb of Pharaoh people. In addition to accompanying her richest repositories of values ​​are the product of black copper, stainless iron, gold color, flexible glass, ever-burning lamps, written materials, etc. Inside the pyramid there is a room where the stand is open holy book, which can open up decent. 7

Conclusion.

Regarding the construction of the pyramid of Cheops, the use of it is based (the foundation), a significant amount of residues of a more ancient monolithic stone structure is reasonable and finds examples in all the millennia.

Numerous images of technical devices in the figures and the relief image on a stone in the places of worship of the ancient Egyptian civilization, unfortunately, remain virtually unexplored.

Presented in this article for information on the use of technical devices for levitation transport heavy stone blocks in horizontal and vertical directions provide the basis for further detailed study them.Современный уровень технических знаний позволяет это сделать.

References

1. "Семь чудес света"- Ганс Райхардт, 1996 г.

2. Большой энциклопедический словарь. М. 1988 г.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-05